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============
I2C Protocol
============
This document describes the i2c protocol. Or will, when it is finished :-)
Key to symbols
==============
=============== =============================================================
S (1 bit) : Start bit
P (1 bit) : Stop bit
Rd/Wr (1 bit) : Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
A, NA (1 bit) : Accept and reverse accept bit.
Addr (7 bits): I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
get a 10 bit I2C address.
Comm (8 bits): Command byte, a data byte which often selects a register on
the device.
Data (8 bits): A plain data byte. Sometimes, I write DataLow, DataHigh
for 16 bit data.
Count (8 bits): A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
[..]: Data sent by I2C device, as opposed to data sent by the
host adapter.
=============== =============================================================
Simple send transaction
=======================
This corresponds to i2c_master_send::
S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] Data [A] ... [A] Data [A] P
Simple receive transaction
==========================
This corresponds to i2c_master_recv::
S Addr Rd [A] [Data] A [Data] A ... A [Data] NA P
Combined transactions
=====================
This corresponds to i2c_transfer
They are just like the above transactions, but instead of a stop bit P
a start bit S is sent and the transaction continues. An example of
a byte read, followed by a byte write::
S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] P
Modified transactions
=====================
The following modifications to the I2C protocol can also be generated by
setting these flags for i2c messages. With the exception of I2C_M_NOSTART, they
are usually only needed to work around device issues:
I2C_M_IGNORE_NAK:
Normally message is interrupted immediately if there is [NA] from the
client. Setting this flag treats any [NA] as [A], and all of
message is sent.
These messages may still fail to SCL lo->hi timeout.
I2C_M_NO_RD_ACK:
In a read message, master A/NA bit is skipped.
I2C_M_NOSTART:
In a combined transaction, no 'S Addr Wr/Rd [A]' is generated at some
point. For example, setting I2C_M_NOSTART on the second partial message
generates something like::
S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA Data [A] P
If you set the I2C_M_NOSTART variable for the first partial message,
we do not generate Addr, but we do generate the startbit S. This will
probably confuse all other clients on your bus, so don't try this.
This is often used to gather transmits from multiple data buffers in
system memory into something that appears as a single transfer to the
I2C device but may also be used between direction changes by some
rare devices.
I2C_M_REV_DIR_ADDR:
This toggles the Rd/Wr flag. That is, if you want to do a write, but
need to emit an Rd instead of a Wr, or vice versa, you set this
flag. For example::
S Addr Rd [A] Data [A] Data [A] ... [A] Data [A] P
I2C_M_STOP:
Force a stop condition (P) after the message. Some I2C related protocols
like SCCB require that. Normally, you really don't want to get interrupted
between the messages of one transfer.
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