Merge tag 'sound-5.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound

Pull sound updates from Takashi Iwai:
 "As the diffstat scatters over the tree, we've got many tree-wide small
  changes, but also got quite a few intrusive changes in the core side.
  The only ABI-visible core change is the new rawmidi framing mode
  support while others are kernel-internal, mostly code refactoring
  and/or nice improvements.

  Here are some highlights:

  Core:
   - A new framing access mode for rawmidi to get timestamps
   - Cleanup / refactoring of buffer memory management helper code
   - Support for automatic negotiation of ASoC DAI formats
   - Revival of software suspend for PCM and control core, as a
     preliminary work for PCI BAR rescan support

  ASoC:
   - Accessory detection support for several Qualcomm parts
   - Support for IEC958 control with hdmi-codec
   - Merging of Tegra machine drivers into a single driver
   - Support for AmLogic SM1 TOACODEC, Intel AlderLake-M, several NXP
     i.MX8 variants, NXP TFA1 and TDF9897, Rockchip RK817, Qualcomm
     Quinary MI2S, Texas Instruments TAS2505

  USB-audio:
   - Reduction of latency at playback start
   - Code cleanup / fixes of usx2y driver
   - Scarlett2 mixer code fixes and enhancements
   - Quirks for Ozone and Denon devices

  HD-audio:
   - A few quirks for HP and ASUS machines
   - Display power management fixes

  Others:
   - FireWire code refactoring and enhancements
   - Tree-wide trivial coding-style fixes"

* tag 'sound-5.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound: (594 commits)
  ALSA: usb-audio: scarlett2: Fix for loop increment in scarlett2_usb_get_config
  ALSA: hda/realtek: fix mute/micmute LEDs for HP ProBook 630 G8
  ALSA: hda/realtek: fix mute/micmute LEDs for HP ProBook 445 G8
  ALSA: hda/realtek: fix mute/micmute LEDs for HP ProBook 450 G8
  ALSA: hda/realtek - Add ALC285 HP init procedure
  ALSA: hda/realtek - Add type for ALC287
  ALSA: scarlett2: Fix scarlett2_*_ctl_put() return values again
  ALSA: scarlett2: Fix pad count for 18i8 Gen 3
  ALSA: hda/realtek: fix mute/micmute LEDs for HP EliteBook 830 G8 Notebook PC
  ALSA: firewire-lib: Fix 'amdtp_domain_start()' when no AMDTP_OUT_STREAM stream is found
  ASoC: qcom: lpass-cpu: mark IRQ_CLEAR register as volatile and readable
  ALSA: hda: Release codec display power during shutdown/reboot
  ALSA: hda: Release controller display power during shutdown/reboot
  ALSA: hda/realtek: Apply LED fixup for HP Dragonfly G1, too
  ASoC: fsl: remove unnecessary oom message
  ASoC: tlv320aic32x4: dt-bindings: add TAS2505 to compatible
  ASoC: tlv320aic32x4: add support for TAS2505
  ASoC: tlv320aic32x4: add type to device private data struct
  ASoC: tegra30: ahub: Use devm_platform_get_and_ioremap_resource()
  ASoC: tegra: tegra210_admaif: Use devm_platform_get_and_ioremap_resource()
  ...

12 files changed, 1147 insertions, 1033 deletions

diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
index 6e1bfe894dd5..e558931cce16 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static int us122l_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk = {
 		.vendor_name =	"US122L",
 		.product_name =	NAME_ALLCAPS,
-		.ifnum = 	1,
+		.ifnum =	1,
 		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_US122L,
 		.data = &quirk_data
 	};
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static int us144_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk = {
 		.vendor_name =	"US144",
 		.product_name =	NAME_ALLCAPS,
-		.ifnum = 	0,
+		.ifnum =	0,
 		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_US122L,
 		.data = &quirk_data
 	};
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ static void pt_info_set(struct usb_device *dev, u8 v)
 static void usb_stream_hwdep_vm_open(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	struct us122l *us122l = area->vm_private_data;
+
 	atomic_inc(&us122l->mmap_count);
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%i\n", atomic_read(&us122l->mmap_count));
 }
@@ -113,9 +114,9 @@ static vm_fault_t usb_stream_hwdep_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 		goto unlock;
 
 	offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
-	if (offset < PAGE_ALIGN(s->read_size))
+	if (offset < PAGE_ALIGN(s->read_size)) {
 		vaddr = (char *)s + offset;
-	else {
+	} else {
 		offset -= PAGE_ALIGN(s->read_size);
 		if (offset >= PAGE_ALIGN(s->write_size))
 			goto unlock;
@@ -138,6 +139,7 @@ unlock:
 static void usb_stream_hwdep_vm_close(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	struct us122l *us122l = area->vm_private_data;
+
 	atomic_dec(&us122l->mmap_count);
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%i\n", atomic_read(&us122l->mmap_count));
 }
@@ -148,11 +150,11 @@ static const struct vm_operations_struct usb_stream_hwdep_vm_ops = {
 	.close = usb_stream_hwdep_vm_close,
 };
 
-
 static int usb_stream_hwdep_open(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = hw->private_data;
 	struct usb_interface *iface;
+
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%p %p\n", hw, file);
 	if (hw->used >= 2)
 		return -EBUSY;
@@ -173,6 +175,7 @@ static int usb_stream_hwdep_release(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = hw->private_data;
 	struct usb_interface *iface;
+
 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%p %p\n", hw, file);
 
 	if (us122l->is_us144) {
@@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 					  struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = hw->private_data;
-	unsigned	*polled;
+	unsigned int	*polled;
 	__poll_t	mask;
 
 	poll_wait(file, &us122l->sk.sleep, wait);
@@ -243,6 +246,7 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 	mask = EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM | EPOLLERR;
 	if (mutex_trylock(&us122l->mutex)) {
 		struct usb_stream *s = us122l->sk.s;
+
 		if (s && s->state == usb_stream_ready) {
 			if (us122l->first == file)
 				polled = &s->periods_polled;
@@ -251,8 +255,9 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 			if (*polled != s->periods_done) {
 				*polled = s->periods_done;
 				mask = EPOLLIN | EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM;
-			} else
+			} else {
 				mask = 0;
+			}
 		}
 		mutex_unlock(&us122l->mutex);
 	}
@@ -262,6 +267,7 @@ static __poll_t usb_stream_hwdep_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 static void us122l_stop(struct us122l *us122l)
 {
 	struct list_head *p;
+
 	list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list)
 		snd_usbmidi_input_stop(p);
 
@@ -289,11 +295,11 @@ static int us122l_set_sample_rate(struct usb_device *dev, int rate)
 }
 
 static bool us122l_start(struct us122l *us122l,
-			 unsigned rate, unsigned period_frames)
+			 unsigned int rate, unsigned int period_frames)
 {
 	struct list_head *p;
 	int err;
-	unsigned use_packsize = 0;
+	unsigned int use_packsize = 0;
 	bool success = false;
 
 	if (us122l->dev->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH) {
@@ -320,13 +326,13 @@ static bool us122l_start(struct us122l *us122l,
 	err = us122l_set_sample_rate(us122l->dev, rate);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		us122l_stop(us122l);
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error\n");
 		goto out;
 	}
 	err = usb_stream_start(&us122l->sk);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		us122l_stop(us122l);
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_start error %i \n", err);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s error %i\n", __func__, err);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list)
@@ -337,12 +343,12 @@ out:
 }
 
 static int usb_stream_hwdep_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file,
-				  unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg)
+				  unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_config cfg;
 	struct us122l *us122l = hw->private_data;
 	struct usb_stream *s;
-	unsigned min_period_frames;
+	unsigned int min_period_frames;
 	int err = 0;
 	bool high_speed;
 
@@ -379,13 +385,13 @@ static int usb_stream_hwdep_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file,
 	if (cfg.period_frames < min_period_frames)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	snd_power_wait(hw->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	snd_power_wait(hw->card);
 
 	mutex_lock(&us122l->mutex);
 	s = us122l->sk.s;
-	if (!us122l->master)
+	if (!us122l->master) {
 		us122l->master = file;
-	else if (us122l->master != file) {
+	} else if (us122l->master != file) {
 		if (!s || memcmp(&cfg, &s->cfg, sizeof(cfg))) {
 			err = -EIO;
 			goto unlock;
@@ -431,7 +437,6 @@ static int usb_stream_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
 static bool us122l_create_card(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	int err;
@@ -440,13 +445,13 @@ static bool us122l_create_card(struct snd_card *card)
 	if (us122l->is_us144) {
 		err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 0, 1);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 			return false;
 		}
 	}
 	err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 1, 1);
 	if (err) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -461,13 +466,14 @@ static bool us122l_create_card(struct snd_card *card)
 	else
 		err = us122l_create_usbmidi(card);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_create_usbmidi error %i \n", err);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_create_usbmidi error %i\n", err);
 		goto stop;
 	}
 	err = usb_stream_hwdep_new(card);
 	if (err < 0) {
-/* release the midi resources */
+		/* release the midi resources */
 		struct list_head *p;
+
 		list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list)
 			snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
 
@@ -484,7 +490,8 @@ static void snd_us122l_free(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	struct us122l	*us122l = US122L(card);
 	int		index = us122l->card_index;
-	if (index >= 0  &&  index < SNDRV_CARDS)
+
+	if (index >= 0 && index < SNDRV_CARDS)
 		snd_us122l_card_used[index] = 0;
 }
 
@@ -565,7 +572,7 @@ static int snd_us122l_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
 
 	if (id->driver_info & US122L_FLAG_US144 &&
 			device->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "disable ehci-hcd to run US-144 \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "disable ehci-hcd to run US-144\n");
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
@@ -601,7 +608,7 @@ static void snd_us122l_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
 	us122l_stop(us122l);
 	mutex_unlock(&us122l->mutex);
 
-/* release the midi resources */
+	/* release the midi resources */
 	list_for_each(p, &us122l->midi_list) {
 		snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
 	}
@@ -661,13 +668,13 @@ static int snd_us122l_resume(struct usb_interface *intf)
 	if (us122l->is_us144) {
 		err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 0, 1);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 			goto unlock;
 		}
 	}
 	err = usb_set_interface(us122l->dev, 1, 1);
 	if (err) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 		goto unlock;
 	}
 
@@ -677,7 +684,7 @@ static int snd_us122l_resume(struct usb_interface *intf)
 	err = us122l_set_sample_rate(us122l->dev,
 				     us122l->sk.s->cfg.sample_rate);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "us122l_set_sample_rate error\n");
 		goto unlock;
 	}
 	err = usb_stream_start(&us122l->sk);
@@ -717,8 +724,8 @@ static const struct usb_device_id snd_us122l_usb_id_table[] = {
 	},
 	{ /* terminator */ }
 };
-
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, snd_us122l_usb_id_table);
+
 static struct usb_driver snd_us122l_usb_driver = {
 	.name =		"snd-usb-us122l",
 	.probe =	snd_us122l_probe,
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h
index 34bea99d343c..c32ae5e981e9 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.h
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ struct us122l {
 
 	struct mutex		mutex;
 	struct file		*first;
-	unsigned		second_periods_polled;
+	unsigned int		second_periods_polled;
 	struct file		*master;
 	struct file		*slave;
 	struct list_head	midi_list;
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c
index 22412cd69e98..c29da0341bc5 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@
 static vm_fault_t snd_us428ctls_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
 	unsigned long offset;
-	struct page * page;
+	struct page *page;
 	void *vaddr;
 
 	snd_printdd("ENTER, start %lXh, pgoff %ld\n",
 		   vmf->vma->vm_start,
 		   vmf->pgoff);
-	
+
 	offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
-	vaddr = (char *)((struct usX2Ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->us428ctls_sharedmem + offset;
+	vaddr = (char *)((struct usx2ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->us428ctls_sharedmem + offset;
 	page = virt_to_page(vaddr);
 	get_page(page);
 	vmf->page = page;
@@ -44,30 +44,22 @@ static const struct vm_operations_struct us428ctls_vm_ops = {
 	.fault = snd_us428ctls_vm_fault,
 };
 
-static int snd_us428ctls_mmap(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static int snd_us428ctls_mmap(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	unsigned long	size = (unsigned long)(area->vm_end - area->vm_start);
-	struct usX2Ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
 
 	// FIXME this hwdep interface is used twice: fpga download and mmap for controlling Lights etc. Maybe better using 2 hwdep devs?
 	// so as long as the device isn't fully initialised yet we return -EBUSY here.
- 	if (!(us428->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
+	if (!(us428->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */ 
-        if (size > PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem))) {
-		snd_printd( "%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem)); 
-                return -EINVAL;
+	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */
+	if (size > US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES) {
+		snd_printd("%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES);
+		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	if (!us428->us428ctls_sharedmem) {
-		init_waitqueue_head(&us428->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
-		us428->us428ctls_sharedmem = alloc_pages_exact(sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!us428->us428ctls_sharedmem)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-		memset(us428->us428ctls_sharedmem, -1, sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem));
-		us428->us428ctls_sharedmem->CtlSnapShotLast = -2;
-	}
 	area->vm_ops = &us428ctls_vm_ops;
 	area->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP;
 	area->vm_private_data = hw->private_data;
@@ -77,21 +69,22 @@ static int snd_us428ctls_mmap(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *filp, struct v
 static __poll_t snd_us428ctls_poll(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
 {
 	__poll_t	mask = 0;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
 	struct us428ctls_sharedmem *shm = us428->us428ctls_sharedmem;
+
 	if (us428->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_HUP)
 		return EPOLLHUP;
 
 	poll_wait(file, &us428->us428ctls_wait_queue_head, wait);
 
-	if (shm != NULL && shm->CtlSnapShotLast != shm->CtlSnapShotRed)
+	if (shm && shm->ctl_snapshot_last != shm->ctl_snapshot_red)
 		mask |= EPOLLIN;
 
 	return mask;
 }
 
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 				      struct snd_hwdep_dsp_status *info)
 {
 	static const char * const type_ids[USX2Y_TYPE_NUMS] = {
@@ -99,7 +92,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 		[USX2Y_TYPE_224] = "us224",
 		[USX2Y_TYPE_428] = "us428",
 	};
-	struct usX2Ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = hw->private_data;
 	int id = -1;
 
 	switch (le16_to_cpu(us428->dev->descriptor.idProduct)) {
@@ -113,7 +106,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 		id = USX2Y_TYPE_428;
 		break;
 	}
-	if (0 > id)
+	if (id < 0)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	strcpy(info->id, type_ids[id]);
 	info->num_dsps = 2;		// 0: Prepad Data, 1: FPGA Code
@@ -123,8 +116,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static int usX2Y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
+static int usx2y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info quirk_data_1 = {
 		.out_ep = 0x06,
@@ -135,8 +127,8 @@ static int usX2Y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk_1 = {
 		.vendor_name =	"TASCAM",
 		.product_name =	NAME_ALLCAPS,
-		.ifnum = 	0,
-       		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+		.ifnum =	0,
+		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
 		.data = &quirk_data_1
 	};
 	static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info quirk_data_2 = {
@@ -148,49 +140,50 @@ static int usX2Y_create_usbmidi(struct snd_card *card)
 	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk quirk_2 = {
 		.vendor_name =	"TASCAM",
 		.product_name =	"US428",
-		.ifnum = 	0,
-       		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+		.ifnum =	0,
+		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
 		.data = &quirk_data_2
 	};
-	struct usb_device *dev = usX2Y(card)->dev;
+	struct usb_device *dev = usx2y(card)->dev;
 	struct usb_interface *iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, 0);
 	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
 		le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct) == USB_ID_US428 ?
 		&quirk_2 : &quirk_1;
 
-	snd_printdd("usX2Y_create_usbmidi \n");
-	return snd_usbmidi_create(card, iface, &usX2Y(card)->midi_list, quirk);
+	snd_printdd("%s\n", __func__);
+	return snd_usbmidi_create(card, iface, &usx2y(card)->midi_list, quirk);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_create_alsa_devices(struct snd_card *card)
+static int usx2y_create_alsa_devices(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	do {
-		if ((err = usX2Y_create_usbmidi(card)) < 0) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_create_alsa_devices: usX2Y_create_usbmidi error %i \n", err);
-			break;
-		}
-		if ((err = usX2Y_audio_create(card)) < 0) 
-			break;
-		if ((err = usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(card)) < 0)
-			break;
-		if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0)
-			break;
-	} while (0);
-
-	return err;
-} 
+	err = usx2y_create_usbmidi(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s: usx2y_create_usbmidi error %i\n", __func__, err);
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = usx2y_audio_create(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 				    struct snd_hwdep_dsp_image *dsp)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *priv = hw->private_data;
-	struct usb_device* dev = priv->dev;
+	struct usx2ydev *priv = hw->private_data;
+	struct usb_device *dev = priv->dev;
 	int lret, err;
 	char *buf;
 
-	snd_printdd( "dsp_load %s\n", dsp->name);
+	snd_printdd("dsp_load %s\n", dsp->name);
 
 	buf = memdup_user(dsp->image, dsp->length);
 	if (IS_ERR(buf))
@@ -198,7 +191,7 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 
 	err = usb_set_interface(dev, 0, 1);
 	if (err)
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 	else
 		err = usb_bulk_msg(dev, usb_sndbulkpipe(dev, 2), buf, dsp->length, &lret, 6000);
 	kfree(buf);
@@ -206,45 +199,51 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load(struct snd_hwdep *hw,
 		return err;
 	if (dsp->index == 1) {
 		msleep(250);				// give the device some time
-		err = usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init(priv);
+		err = usx2y_async_seq04_init(priv);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usx2y_async_seq04_init error\n");
 			return err;
 		}
-		err = usX2Y_In04_init(priv);
+		err = usx2y_in04_init(priv);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_In04_init error \n");
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usx2y_in04_init error\n");
 			return err;
 		}
-		err = usX2Y_create_alsa_devices(hw->card);
+		err = usx2y_create_alsa_devices(hw->card);
 		if (err) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usX2Y_create_alsa_devices error %i \n", err);
-			snd_card_free(hw->card);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usx2y_create_alsa_devices error %i\n", err);
 			return err;
 		}
-		priv->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT; 
+		priv->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT;
 		snd_printdd("%s: alsa all started\n", hw->name);
 	}
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-int usX2Y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device* device)
+int usx2y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device *device)
 {
 	int err;
 	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
+	struct usx2ydev	*us428 = usx2y(card);
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_LOADER_ID, 0, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_LOADER_ID, 0, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	hw->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_USX2Y;
-	hw->private_data = usX2Y(card);
-	hw->ops.dsp_status = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_status;
-	hw->ops.dsp_load = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_dsp_load;
+	hw->private_data = us428;
+	hw->ops.dsp_status = snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_status;
+	hw->ops.dsp_load = snd_usx2y_hwdep_dsp_load;
 	hw->ops.mmap = snd_us428ctls_mmap;
 	hw->ops.poll = snd_us428ctls_poll;
 	hw->exclusive = 1;
 	sprintf(hw->name, "/dev/bus/usb/%03d/%03d", device->bus->busnum, device->devnum);
+
+	us428->us428ctls_sharedmem = alloc_pages_exact(US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!us428->us428ctls_sharedmem)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	memset(us428->us428ctls_sharedmem, -1, US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES);
+	us428->us428ctls_sharedmem->ctl_snapshot_last = -2;
+
 	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h
index 457199b5ed03..0c9946d9cd99 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.h
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 #ifndef USX2YHWDEP_H
 #define USX2YHWDEP_H
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device* device);
+int usx2y_hwdep_new(struct snd_card *card, struct usb_device *device);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
index 091c071b270a..9d0e44793896 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
 
 #include "usb_stream.h"
 
-
 /*                             setup                                  */
 
-static unsigned usb_stream_next_packet_size(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
+static unsigned int usb_stream_next_packet_size(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 {
 	struct usb_stream *s = sk->s;
+
 	sk->out_phase_peeked = (sk->out_phase & 0xffff) + sk->freqn;
 	return (sk->out_phase_peeked >> 16) * s->cfg.frame_size;
 }
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ static void playback_prep_freqn(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, struct urb *urb)
 
 	for (pack = 0; pack < sk->n_o_ps; pack++) {
 		int l = usb_stream_next_packet_size(sk);
+
 		if (s->idle_outsize + lb + l > s->period_size)
 			goto check;
 
@@ -43,9 +44,10 @@ check:
 		    lb, s->period_size);
 }
 
-static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
-			   struct urb **urbs, char *transfer,
-			   struct usb_device *dev, int pipe)
+static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
+			  unsigned int use_packsize,
+			  struct urb **urbs, char *transfer,
+			  struct usb_device *dev, int pipe)
 {
 	int u, p;
 	int maxpacket = use_packsize ?
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
 	     ++u, transfer += transfer_length) {
 		struct urb *urb = urbs[u];
 		struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *desc;
+
 		urb->transfer_buffer = transfer;
 		urb->dev = dev;
 		urb->pipe = pipe;
@@ -80,13 +83,12 @@ static int init_pipe_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int init_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
-		      struct usb_device *dev, int in_pipe, int out_pipe)
+static int init_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned int use_packsize,
+		     struct usb_device *dev, int in_pipe, int out_pipe)
 {
 	struct usb_stream	*s = sk->s;
-	char			*indata = (char *)s + sizeof(*s) +
-					sizeof(struct usb_stream_packet) *
-					s->inpackets;
+	char			*indata =
+		(char *)s + sizeof(*s) + sizeof(struct usb_stream_packet) * s->inpackets;
 	int			u;
 
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; ++u) {
@@ -107,12 +109,11 @@ static int init_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, unsigned use_packsize,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
 /*
  * convert a sampling rate into our full speed format (fs/1000 in Q16.16)
  * this will overflow at approx 524 kHz
  */
-static inline unsigned get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
+static inline unsigned int get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
 {
 	return ((rate << 13) + 62) / 125;
 }
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ static inline unsigned get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
  * convert a sampling rate into USB high speed format (fs/8000 in Q16.16)
  * this will overflow at approx 4 MHz
  */
-static inline unsigned get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
+static inline unsigned int get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
 {
 	return ((rate << 10) + 62) / 125;
 }
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ static inline unsigned get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned rate)
 void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 {
 	struct usb_stream *s;
-	unsigned u;
+	unsigned int u;
 
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; ++u) {
 		usb_free_urb(sk->inurb[u]);
@@ -142,17 +143,23 @@ void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 	if (!s)
 		return;
 
-	free_pages_exact(sk->write_page, s->write_size);
-	sk->write_page = NULL;
+	if (sk->write_page) {
+		free_pages_exact(sk->write_page, s->write_size);
+		sk->write_page = NULL;
+	}
+
 	free_pages_exact(s, s->read_size);
 	sk->s = NULL;
 }
 
 struct usb_stream *usb_stream_new(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 				  struct usb_device *dev,
-				  unsigned in_endpoint, unsigned out_endpoint,
-				  unsigned sample_rate, unsigned use_packsize,
-				  unsigned period_frames, unsigned frame_size)
+				  unsigned int in_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int out_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int sample_rate,
+				  unsigned int use_packsize,
+				  unsigned int period_frames,
+				  unsigned int frame_size)
 {
 	int packets, max_packsize;
 	int in_pipe, out_pipe;
@@ -231,12 +238,12 @@ out:
 	return sk->s;
 }
 
-
 /*                             start                                  */
 
 static bool balance_check(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk, struct urb *urb)
 {
 	bool r;
+
 	if (unlikely(urb->status)) {
 		if (urb->status != -ESHUTDOWN && urb->status != -ENOENT)
 			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "status=%i\n", urb->status);
@@ -267,6 +274,7 @@ static void subs_set_complete(struct urb **urbs, void (*complete)(struct urb *))
 
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; u++) {
 		struct urb *urb = urbs[u];
+
 		urb->complete = complete;
 	}
 }
@@ -284,6 +292,7 @@ static int usb_stream_prepare_playback(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 
 	for (; s->sync_packet < 0; ++p, ++s->sync_packet) {
 		struct urb *ii = sk->completed_inurb;
+
 		id = ii->iso_frame_desc +
 			ii->number_of_packets + s->sync_packet;
 		l = id->actual_length;
@@ -351,6 +360,7 @@ static int submit_urbs(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 		       struct urb *inurb, struct urb *outurb)
 {
 	int err;
+
 	prepare_inurb(sk->idle_outurb->number_of_packets, sk->idle_inurb);
 	err = usb_submit_urb(sk->idle_inurb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -447,6 +457,7 @@ static void stream_idle(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 
 	for (p = 0; p < inurb->number_of_packets; ++p) {
 		struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *id = inurb->iso_frame_desc;
+
 		l = id[p].actual_length;
 		if (unlikely(l == 0 || id[p].status)) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "underrun, status=%u\n",
@@ -503,6 +514,7 @@ err_out:
 static void i_capture_idle(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_kernel *sk = urb->context;
+
 	if (balance_capture(sk, urb))
 		stream_idle(sk, urb, sk->i_urb);
 }
@@ -510,6 +522,7 @@ static void i_capture_idle(struct urb *urb)
 static void i_playback_idle(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_kernel *sk = urb->context;
+
 	if (balance_playback(sk, urb))
 		stream_idle(sk, sk->i_urb, urb);
 }
@@ -518,10 +531,12 @@ static void stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 			 struct urb *inurb, struct urb *outurb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream *s = sk->s;
+
 	if (s->state >= usb_stream_sync1) {
 		int l, p, max_diff, max_diff_0;
 		int urb_size = 0;
-		unsigned frames_per_packet, min_frames = 0;
+		unsigned int frames_per_packet, min_frames = 0;
+
 		frames_per_packet = (s->period_size - s->idle_insize);
 		frames_per_packet <<= 8;
 		frames_per_packet /=
@@ -536,6 +551,7 @@ static void stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 		max_diff = max_diff_0;
 		for (p = 0; p < inurb->number_of_packets; ++p) {
 			int diff;
+
 			l = inurb->iso_frame_desc[p].actual_length;
 			urb_size += l;
 
@@ -561,7 +577,8 @@ static void stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 				(s->inpacket_head + 1) % s->inpackets;
 			s->next_inpacket_split_at = 0;
 		} else {
-			unsigned split = s->inpacket_head;
+			unsigned int split = s->inpacket_head;
+
 			l = s->idle_insize;
 			while (l > s->inpacket[split].length) {
 				l -= s->inpacket[split].length;
@@ -609,6 +626,7 @@ static void i_capture_start(struct urb *urb)
 
 	for (p = 0; p < urb->number_of_packets; ++p) {
 		int l = id[p].actual_length;
+
 		if (l < s->cfg.frame_size) {
 			++empty;
 			if (s->state >= usb_stream_sync0) {
@@ -628,6 +646,7 @@ static void i_capture_start(struct urb *urb)
 		       urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length);
 		for (pack = 1; pack < urb->number_of_packets; ++pack) {
 			int l = urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length;
+
 			printk(KERN_CONT " %i", l);
 		}
 		printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
@@ -643,6 +662,7 @@ static void i_capture_start(struct urb *urb)
 static void i_playback_start(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct usb_stream_kernel *sk = urb->context;
+
 	if (balance_playback(sk, urb))
 		stream_start(sk, sk->i_urb, urb);
 }
@@ -671,6 +691,7 @@ dotry:
 	for (u = 0; u < 2; u++) {
 		struct urb *inurb = sk->inurb[u];
 		struct urb *outurb = sk->outurb[u];
+
 		playback_prep_freqn(sk, outurb);
 		inurb->number_of_packets = outurb->number_of_packets;
 		inurb->transfer_buffer_length =
@@ -680,6 +701,7 @@ dotry:
 		if (u == 0) {
 			int now;
 			struct usb_device *dev = inurb->dev;
+
 			frame = usb_get_current_frame_number(dev);
 			do {
 				now = usb_get_current_frame_number(dev);
@@ -688,14 +710,16 @@ dotry:
 		}
 		err = usb_submit_urb(inurb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 		if (err < 0) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR"usb_submit_urb(sk->inurb[%i])"
-				   " returned %i\n", u, err);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "usb_submit_urb(sk->inurb[%i]) returned %i\n",
+				   u, err);
 			return err;
 		}
 		err = usb_submit_urb(outurb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 		if (err < 0) {
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR"usb_submit_urb(sk->outurb[%i])"
-				   " returned %i\n", u, err);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "usb_submit_urb(sk->outurb[%i]) returned %i\n",
+				   u, err);
 			return err;
 		}
 
@@ -716,8 +740,8 @@ check_retry:
 			snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "goto dotry;\n");
 			goto dotry;
 		}
-		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING"couldn't start"
-			   " all urbs on the same start_frame.\n");
+		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
+			   "couldn't start all urbs on the same start_frame.\n");
 		return -EFAULT;
 	}
 
@@ -729,6 +753,7 @@ check_retry:
 /* wait, check */
 	{
 		int wait_ms = 3000;
+
 		while (s->state != usb_stream_ready && wait_ms > 0) {
 			snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "%i\n", s->state);
 			msleep(200);
@@ -745,6 +770,7 @@ check_retry:
 void usb_stream_stop(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk)
 {
 	int u;
+
 	if (!sk->s)
 		return;
 	for (u = 0; u < USB_STREAM_NURBS; ++u) {
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h
index 851358a8d709..73e57b341adc 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ struct usb_stream_kernel {
 
 	void *write_page;
 
-	unsigned n_o_ps;
+	unsigned int n_o_ps;
 
 	struct urb *inurb[USB_STREAM_NURBS];
 	struct urb *idle_inurb;
@@ -26,18 +26,21 @@ struct usb_stream_kernel {
 
 	wait_queue_head_t sleep;
 
-	unsigned out_phase;
-	unsigned out_phase_peeked;
-	unsigned freqn;
+	unsigned int out_phase;
+	unsigned int out_phase_peeked;
+	unsigned int freqn;
 };
 
 struct usb_stream *usb_stream_new(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk,
 				  struct usb_device *dev,
-				  unsigned in_endpoint, unsigned out_endpoint,
-				  unsigned sample_rate, unsigned use_packsize,
-				  unsigned period_frames, unsigned frame_size);
-void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *);
-int usb_stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *);
-void usb_stream_stop(struct usb_stream_kernel *);
+				  unsigned int in_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int out_endpoint,
+				  unsigned int sample_rate,
+				  unsigned int use_packsize,
+				  unsigned int period_frames,
+				  unsigned int frame_size);
+void usb_stream_free(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk);
+int usb_stream_start(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk);
+void usb_stream_stop(struct usb_stream_kernel *sk);
 
 #endif /* __USB_STREAM_H */
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h
index 5a7518ea3aeb..9ba15d974e63 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbus428ctldefs.h
@@ -4,28 +4,28 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2003 by Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>
  */
 
-enum E_In84{
-	eFader0 = 0,
-	eFader1,
-	eFader2,
-	eFader3,
-	eFader4,
-	eFader5,
-	eFader6,
-	eFader7,
-	eFaderM,
-	eTransport,
-	eModifier = 10,
-	eFilterSelect,
-	eSelect,
-	eMute,
+enum E_IN84 {
+	E_FADER_0 = 0,
+	E_FADER_1,
+	E_FADER_2,
+	E_FADER_3,
+	E_FADER_4,
+	E_FADER_5,
+	E_FADER_6,
+	E_FADER_7,
+	E_FADER_M,
+	E_TRANSPORT,
+	E_MODIFIER = 10,
+	E_FILTER_SELECT,
+	E_SELECT,
+	E_MUTE,
 
-	eSwitch   = 15,
-	eWheelGain,
-	eWheelFreq,
-	eWheelQ,
-	eWheelPan,
-	eWheel    = 20
+	E_SWITCH   = 15,
+	E_WHEEL_GAIN,
+	E_WHEEL_FREQ,
+	E_WHEEL_Q,
+	E_WHEEL_PAN,
+	E_WHEEL    = 20
 };
 
 #define T_RECORD   1
@@ -39,53 +39,55 @@ enum E_In84{
 
 
 struct us428_ctls {
-	unsigned char   Fader[9];
-	unsigned char 	Transport;
-	unsigned char 	Modifier;
-	unsigned char 	FilterSelect;
-	unsigned char 	Select;
-	unsigned char   Mute;
-	unsigned char   UNKNOWN;
-	unsigned char   Switch;	     
-	unsigned char   Wheel[5];
+	unsigned char	fader[9];
+	unsigned char	transport;
+	unsigned char	modifier;
+	unsigned char	filters_elect;
+	unsigned char	select;
+	unsigned char	mute;
+	unsigned char	unknown;
+	unsigned char	wswitch;
+	unsigned char	wheel[5];
 };
 
-struct us428_setByte {
-	unsigned char Offset,
-		Value;
+struct us428_set_byte {
+	unsigned char offset,
+		value;
 };
 
 enum {
-	eLT_Volume = 0,
-	eLT_Light
+	ELT_VOLUME = 0,
+	ELT_LIGHT
 };
 
-struct usX2Y_volume {
-	unsigned char Channel,
-		LH,
-		LL,
-		RH,
-		RL;
+struct usx2y_volume {
+	unsigned char channel,
+		lh,
+		ll,
+		rh,
+		rl;
 };
 
 struct us428_lights {
-	struct us428_setByte Light[7];
+	struct us428_set_byte light[7];
 };
 
 struct us428_p4out {
 	char type;
 	union {
-		struct usX2Y_volume vol;
+		struct usx2y_volume vol;
 		struct us428_lights lights;
 	} val;
 };
 
-#define N_us428_ctl_BUFS 16
-#define N_us428_p4out_BUFS 16
-struct us428ctls_sharedmem{
-	struct us428_ctls	CtlSnapShot[N_us428_ctl_BUFS];
-	int			CtlSnapShotDiffersAt[N_us428_ctl_BUFS];
-	int			CtlSnapShotLast, CtlSnapShotRed;
-	struct us428_p4out	p4out[N_us428_p4out_BUFS];
-	int			p4outLast, p4outSent;
+#define N_US428_CTL_BUFS 16
+#define N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS 16
+struct us428ctls_sharedmem {
+	struct us428_ctls	ctl_snapshot[N_US428_CTL_BUFS];
+	int			ctl_snapshot_differs_at[N_US428_CTL_BUFS];
+	int			ctl_snapshot_last, ctl_snapshot_red;
+	struct us428_p4out	p4out[N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS];
+	int			p4out_last, p4out_sent;
 };
+
+#define US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES	PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct us428ctls_sharedmem))
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
index 3cd28d24f0a7..099bee662af6 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 2004-10-26 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.8.6:
-	wake_up() process waiting in usX2Y_urbs_start() on error.
+	wake_up() process waiting in usx2y_urbs_start() on error.
 
 2004-10-21 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.8.5:
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 2004-06-12 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.6.3:
 	Made it thus the following rule is enforced:
-	"All pcm substreams of one usX2Y have to operate at the same rate & format."
+	"All pcm substreams of one usx2y have to operate at the same rate & format."
 
 2004-04-06 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.6.0:
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 
 2003-11-03 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.3:
-	24Bit support. 
+	24Bit support.
 	"arecord -D hw:1 -c 2 -r 48000 -M -f S24_3LE|aplay -D hw:1 -c 2 -r 48000 -M -f S24_3LE" works.
 
 2003-08-22 Karsten Wiese
@@ -94,16 +94,15 @@
 	This helped me much on my slowish PII 400 & PIII 500.
 	ACPI yet untested but might cause the same bad behaviour.
 	Use a kernel with lowlatency and preemptiv patches applied.
-	To autoload snd-usb-midi append a line 
+	To autoload snd-usb-midi append a line
 		post-install snd-usb-us428 modprobe snd-usb-midi
 	to /etc/modules.conf.
 
 	known problems:
 	sliders, knobs, lights not yet handled except MASTER Volume slider.
-       	"pcm -c 2" doesn't work. "pcm -c 2 -m direct_interleaved" does.
+	"pcm -c 2" doesn't work. "pcm -c 2 -m direct_interleaved" does.
 	KDE3: "Enable full duplex operation" deadlocks.
 
-	
 2002-08-31 Karsten Wiese
 	Version 0.0.3: audio also simplex;
 	simplifying: iso urbs only 1 packet, melted structs.
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@
 	The firmware has been sniffed from win2k us-428 driver 3.09.
 
  *   Copyright (c) 2002 - 2004 Karsten Wiese
-*/
+ */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
@@ -132,14 +131,12 @@
 #include "usbusx2y.h"
 #include "usX2Yhwdep.h"
 
-
-
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>");
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("TASCAM "NAME_ALLCAPS" Version 0.8.7.2");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 
 static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX; /* Index 0-max */
-static char* id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR; /* Id for this card */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR; /* Id for this card */
 static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP; /* Enable this card */
 
 module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
@@ -149,305 +146,321 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for "NAME_ALLCAPS".");
 module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable "NAME_ALLCAPS".");
 
+static int snd_usx2y_card_used[SNDRV_CARDS];
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_card_used[SNDRV_CARDS];
+static void snd_usx2y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card);
+static void usx2y_unlinkseq(struct snd_usx2y_async_seq *s);
 
-static void usX2Y_usb_disconnect(struct usb_device* usb_device, void* ptr);
-static void snd_usX2Y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card);
-
-/* 
- * pipe 4 is used for switching the lamps, setting samplerate, volumes ....   
+/*
+ * pipe 4 is used for switching the lamps, setting samplerate, volumes ....
  */
-static void i_usX2Y_Out04Int(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_out04_int(struct urb *urb)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 	if (urb->status) {
-		int 		i;
-		struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = urb->context;
-		for (i = 0; i < 10 && usX2Y->AS04.urb[i] != urb; i++);
-		snd_printdd("i_usX2Y_Out04Int() urb %i status=%i\n", i, urb->status);
+		int i;
+		struct usx2ydev *usx2y = urb->context;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < 10 && usx2y->as04.urb[i] != urb; i++)
+			;
+		snd_printdd("%s urb %i status=%i\n", __func__, i, urb->status);
 	}
 #endif
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_In04Int(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_in04_int(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	int			err = 0;
-	struct usX2Ydev		*usX2Y = urb->context;
-	struct us428ctls_sharedmem	*us428ctls = usX2Y->us428ctls_sharedmem;
+	struct usx2ydev		*usx2y = urb->context;
+	struct us428ctls_sharedmem	*us428ctls = usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem;
+	struct us428_p4out *p4out;
+	int i, j, n, diff, send;
 
-	usX2Y->In04IntCalls++;
+	usx2y->in04_int_calls++;
 
 	if (urb->status) {
 		snd_printdd("Interrupt Pipe 4 came back with status=%i\n", urb->status);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	//	printk("%i:0x%02X ", 8, (int)((unsigned char*)usX2Y->In04Buf)[8]); Master volume shows 0 here if fader is at max during boot ?!?
+	//	printk("%i:0x%02X ", 8, (int)((unsigned char*)usx2y->in04_buf)[8]); Master volume shows 0 here if fader is at max during boot ?!?
 	if (us428ctls) {
-		int diff = -1;
-		if (-2 == us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast) {
+		diff = -1;
+		if (us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last == -2) {
 			diff = 0;
-			memcpy(usX2Y->In04Last, usX2Y->In04Buf, sizeof(usX2Y->In04Last));
-			us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast = -1;
+			memcpy(usx2y->in04_last, usx2y->in04_buf, sizeof(usx2y->in04_last));
+			us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last = -1;
 		} else {
-			int i;
 			for (i = 0; i < 21; i++) {
-				if (usX2Y->In04Last[i] != ((char*)usX2Y->In04Buf)[i]) {
+				if (usx2y->in04_last[i] != ((char *)usx2y->in04_buf)[i]) {
 					if (diff < 0)
 						diff = i;
-					usX2Y->In04Last[i] = ((char*)usX2Y->In04Buf)[i];
+					usx2y->in04_last[i] = ((char *)usx2y->in04_buf)[i];
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		if (0 <= diff) {
-			int n = us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast + 1;
-			if (n >= N_us428_ctl_BUFS  ||  n < 0)
+		if (diff >= 0) {
+			n = us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last + 1;
+			if (n >= N_US428_CTL_BUFS || n < 0)
 				n = 0;
-			memcpy(us428ctls->CtlSnapShot + n, usX2Y->In04Buf, sizeof(us428ctls->CtlSnapShot[0]));
-			us428ctls->CtlSnapShotDiffersAt[n] = diff;
-			us428ctls->CtlSnapShotLast = n;
-			wake_up(&usX2Y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
+			memcpy(us428ctls->ctl_snapshot + n, usx2y->in04_buf, sizeof(us428ctls->ctl_snapshot[0]));
+			us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_differs_at[n] = diff;
+			us428ctls->ctl_snapshot_last = n;
+			wake_up(&usx2y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
 		}
 	}
-	
-	
-	if (usX2Y->US04) {
-		if (0 == usX2Y->US04->submitted)
+
+	if (usx2y->us04) {
+		if (!usx2y->us04->submitted) {
 			do {
-				err = usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->US04->urb[usX2Y->US04->submitted++], GFP_ATOMIC);
-			} while (!err && usX2Y->US04->submitted < usX2Y->US04->len);
-	} else
-		if (us428ctls && us428ctls->p4outLast >= 0 && us428ctls->p4outLast < N_us428_p4out_BUFS) {
-			if (us428ctls->p4outLast != us428ctls->p4outSent) {
-				int j, send = us428ctls->p4outSent + 1;
-				if (send >= N_us428_p4out_BUFS)
+				err = usb_submit_urb(usx2y->us04->urb[usx2y->us04->submitted++], GFP_ATOMIC);
+			} while (!err && usx2y->us04->submitted < usx2y->us04->len);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (us428ctls && us428ctls->p4out_last >= 0 && us428ctls->p4out_last < N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS) {
+			if (us428ctls->p4out_last != us428ctls->p4out_sent) {
+				send = us428ctls->p4out_sent + 1;
+				if (send >= N_US428_P4OUT_BUFS)
 					send = 0;
-				for (j = 0; j < URBS_AsyncSeq  &&  !err; ++j)
-					if (0 == usX2Y->AS04.urb[j]->status) {
-						struct us428_p4out *p4out = us428ctls->p4out + send;	// FIXME if more than 1 p4out is new, 1 gets lost.
-						usb_fill_bulk_urb(usX2Y->AS04.urb[j], usX2Y->dev,
-								  usb_sndbulkpipe(usX2Y->dev, 0x04), &p4out->val.vol,
-								  p4out->type == eLT_Light ? sizeof(struct us428_lights) : 5,
-								  i_usX2Y_Out04Int, usX2Y);
-						err = usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->AS04.urb[j], GFP_ATOMIC);
-						us428ctls->p4outSent = send;
+				for (j = 0; j < URBS_ASYNC_SEQ && !err; ++j) {
+					if (!usx2y->as04.urb[j]->status) {
+						p4out = us428ctls->p4out + send;	// FIXME if more than 1 p4out is new, 1 gets lost.
+						usb_fill_bulk_urb(usx2y->as04.urb[j], usx2y->dev,
+								  usb_sndbulkpipe(usx2y->dev, 0x04), &p4out->val.vol,
+								  p4out->type == ELT_LIGHT ? sizeof(struct us428_lights) : 5,
+								  i_usx2y_out04_int, usx2y);
+						err = usb_submit_urb(usx2y->as04.urb[j], GFP_ATOMIC);
+						us428ctls->p4out_sent = send;
 						break;
 					}
+				}
 			}
 		}
+	}
 
 	if (err)
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "In04Int() usb_submit_urb err=%i\n", err);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "in04_int() usb_submit_urb err=%i\n", err);
 
-	urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
+	urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
 	usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
 }
 
 /*
  * Prepare some urbs
  */
-int usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y)
+int usx2y_async_seq04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	int	err = 0,
-		i;
+	int	err = 0, i;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(usx2y->as04.buffer))
+		return -EBUSY;
 
-	usX2Y->AS04.buffer = kmalloc_array(URBS_AsyncSeq,
-					   URB_DataLen_AsyncSeq, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (NULL == usX2Y->AS04.buffer) {
+	usx2y->as04.buffer = kmalloc_array(URBS_ASYNC_SEQ,
+					   URB_DATA_LEN_ASYNC_SEQ, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!usx2y->as04.buffer) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
-	} else
-		for (i = 0; i < URBS_AsyncSeq; ++i) {
-			if (NULL == (usX2Y->AS04.urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL))) {
+	} else {
+		for (i = 0; i < URBS_ASYNC_SEQ; ++i) {
+			usx2y->as04.urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!usx2y->as04.urb[i]) {
 				err = -ENOMEM;
 				break;
 			}
-			usb_fill_bulk_urb(	usX2Y->AS04.urb[i], usX2Y->dev,
-						usb_sndbulkpipe(usX2Y->dev, 0x04),
-						usX2Y->AS04.buffer + URB_DataLen_AsyncSeq*i, 0,
-						i_usX2Y_Out04Int, usX2Y
-				);
-			err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(usX2Y->AS04.urb[i]);
+			usb_fill_bulk_urb(usx2y->as04.urb[i], usx2y->dev,
+					  usb_sndbulkpipe(usx2y->dev, 0x04),
+					  usx2y->as04.buffer + URB_DATA_LEN_ASYNC_SEQ * i, 0,
+					  i_usx2y_out04_int, usx2y);
+			err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(usx2y->as04.urb[i]);
 			if (err < 0)
 				break;
 		}
+	}
+	if (err)
+		usx2y_unlinkseq(&usx2y->as04);
 	return err;
 }
 
-int usX2Y_In04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y)
+int usx2y_in04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	if (! (usX2Y->In04urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL)))
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
-	if (! (usX2Y->In04Buf = kmalloc(21, GFP_KERNEL)))
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	 
-	init_waitqueue_head(&usX2Y->In04WaitQueue);
-	usb_fill_int_urb(usX2Y->In04urb, usX2Y->dev, usb_rcvintpipe(usX2Y->dev, 0x4),
-			 usX2Y->In04Buf, 21,
-			 i_usX2Y_In04Int, usX2Y,
+	int err;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(usx2y->in04_urb))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	usx2y->in04_urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!usx2y->in04_urb) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	usx2y->in04_buf = kmalloc(21, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!usx2y->in04_buf) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	init_waitqueue_head(&usx2y->in04_wait_queue);
+	usb_fill_int_urb(usx2y->in04_urb, usx2y->dev, usb_rcvintpipe(usx2y->dev, 0x4),
+			 usx2y->in04_buf, 21,
+			 i_usx2y_in04_int, usx2y,
 			 10);
-	if (usb_urb_ep_type_check(usX2Y->In04urb))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->In04urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (usb_urb_ep_type_check(usx2y->in04_urb)) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto error;
+	}
+	return usb_submit_urb(usx2y->in04_urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+ error:
+	kfree(usx2y->in04_buf);
+	usb_free_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	usx2y->in04_buf = NULL;
+	usx2y->in04_urb = NULL;
+	return err;
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_unlinkSeq(struct snd_usX2Y_AsyncSeq *S)
+static void usx2y_unlinkseq(struct snd_usx2y_async_seq *s)
 {
 	int	i;
-	for (i = 0; i < URBS_AsyncSeq; ++i) {
-		usb_kill_urb(S->urb[i]);
-		usb_free_urb(S->urb[i]);
-		S->urb[i] = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < URBS_ASYNC_SEQ; ++i) {
+		if (!s->urb[i])
+			continue;
+		usb_kill_urb(s->urb[i]);
+		usb_free_urb(s->urb[i]);
+		s->urb[i] = NULL;
 	}
-	kfree(S->buffer);
+	kfree(s->buffer);
+	s->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-
-static const struct usb_device_id snd_usX2Y_usb_id_table[] = {
+static const struct usb_device_id snd_usx2y_usb_id_table[] = {
 	{
 		.match_flags =	USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE,
 		.idVendor =	0x1604,
-		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US428 
+		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US428
 	},
 	{
 		.match_flags =	USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE,
 		.idVendor =	0x1604,
-		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US122 
+		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US122
 	},
- 	{
+	{
 		.match_flags =	USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE,
 		.idVendor =	0x1604,
 		.idProduct =	USB_ID_US224
 	},
 	{ /* terminator */ }
 };
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, snd_usx2y_usb_id_table);
 
-static int usX2Y_create_card(struct usb_device *device,
+static int usx2y_create_card(struct usb_device *device,
 			     struct usb_interface *intf,
 			     struct snd_card **cardp)
 {
 	int		dev;
-	struct snd_card *	card;
+	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
 	for (dev = 0; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; ++dev)
-		if (enable[dev] && !snd_usX2Y_card_used[dev])
+		if (enable[dev] && !snd_usx2y_card_used[dev])
 			break;
 	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	err = snd_card_new(&intf->dev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
-			   sizeof(struct usX2Ydev), &card);
+			   sizeof(struct usx2ydev), &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	snd_usX2Y_card_used[usX2Y(card)->card_index = dev] = 1;
-	card->private_free = snd_usX2Y_card_private_free;
-	usX2Y(card)->dev = device;
-	init_waitqueue_head(&usX2Y(card)->prepare_wait_queue);
-	mutex_init(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&usX2Y(card)->midi_list);
+	snd_usx2y_card_used[usx2y(card)->card_index = dev] = 1;
+	card->private_free = snd_usx2y_card_private_free;
+	usx2y(card)->dev = device;
+	init_waitqueue_head(&usx2y(card)->prepare_wait_queue);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&usx2y(card)->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
+	mutex_init(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&usx2y(card)->midi_list);
 	strcpy(card->driver, "USB "NAME_ALLCAPS"");
 	sprintf(card->shortname, "TASCAM "NAME_ALLCAPS"");
 	sprintf(card->longname, "%s (%x:%x if %d at %03d/%03d)",
-		card->shortname, 
+		card->shortname,
 		le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idVendor),
 		le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct),
 		0,//us428(card)->usbmidi.ifnum,
-		usX2Y(card)->dev->bus->busnum, usX2Y(card)->dev->devnum
-		);
+		usx2y(card)->dev->bus->busnum, usx2y(card)->dev->devnum);
 	*cardp = card;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static int usX2Y_usb_probe(struct usb_device *device,
-			   struct usb_interface *intf,
-			   const struct usb_device_id *device_id,
-			   struct snd_card **cardp)
+static void snd_usx2y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card)
 {
-	int		err;
-	struct snd_card *	card;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = usx2y(card);
+
+	kfree(usx2y->in04_buf);
+	usb_free_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	if (usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem)
+		free_pages_exact(usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem,
+				 US428_SHAREDMEM_PAGES);
+	if (usx2y->card_index >= 0 && usx2y->card_index < SNDRV_CARDS)
+		snd_usx2y_card_used[usx2y->card_index] = 0;
+}
 
-	*cardp = NULL;
-	if (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idVendor) != 0x1604 ||
-	    (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122 &&
-	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US224 &&
-	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US428))
-		return -EINVAL;
+static void snd_usx2y_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y;
+	struct list_head *p;
 
-	err = usX2Y_create_card(device, intf, &card);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	if ((err = usX2Y_hwdep_new(card, device)) < 0  ||
-	    (err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
-		snd_card_free(card);
-		return err;
+	card = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
+	if (!card)
+		return;
+	usx2y = usx2y(card);
+	usx2y->chip_status = USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_HUP;
+	usx2y_unlinkseq(&usx2y->as04);
+	usb_kill_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	snd_card_disconnect(card);
+
+	/* release the midi resources */
+	list_for_each(p, &usx2y->midi_list) {
+		snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
 	}
-	*cardp = card;
-	return 0;
+	if (usx2y->us428ctls_sharedmem)
+		wake_up(&usx2y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
+	snd_card_free(card);
 }
 
-/*
- * new 2.5 USB kernel API
- */
-static int snd_usX2Y_probe(struct usb_interface *intf, const struct usb_device_id *id)
+static int snd_usx2y_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
+			   const struct usb_device_id *id)
 {
+	struct usb_device *device = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
 	struct snd_card *card;
 	int err;
 
-	err = usX2Y_usb_probe(interface_to_usbdev(intf), intf, id, &card);
+	if (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idVendor) != 0x1604 ||
+	    (le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122 &&
+	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US224 &&
+	     le16_to_cpu(device->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US428))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	err = usx2y_create_card(device, intf, &card);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
+	err = usx2y_hwdep_new(card, device);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
 	dev_set_drvdata(&intf->dev, card);
 	return 0;
-}
 
-static void snd_usX2Y_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
-{
-	usX2Y_usb_disconnect(interface_to_usbdev(intf),
-				 usb_get_intfdata(intf));
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
 }
 
-MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, snd_usX2Y_usb_id_table);
-static struct usb_driver snd_usX2Y_usb_driver = {
+static struct usb_driver snd_usx2y_usb_driver = {
 	.name =		"snd-usb-usx2y",
-	.probe =	snd_usX2Y_probe,
-	.disconnect =	snd_usX2Y_disconnect,
-	.id_table =	snd_usX2Y_usb_id_table,
+	.probe =	snd_usx2y_probe,
+	.disconnect =	snd_usx2y_disconnect,
+	.id_table =	snd_usx2y_usb_id_table,
 };
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_card_private_free(struct snd_card *card)
-{
-	kfree(usX2Y(card)->In04Buf);
-	usb_free_urb(usX2Y(card)->In04urb);
-	if (usX2Y(card)->us428ctls_sharedmem)
-		free_pages_exact(usX2Y(card)->us428ctls_sharedmem,
-				 sizeof(*usX2Y(card)->us428ctls_sharedmem));
-	if (usX2Y(card)->card_index >= 0  &&  usX2Y(card)->card_index < SNDRV_CARDS)
-		snd_usX2Y_card_used[usX2Y(card)->card_index] = 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Frees the device.
- */
-static void usX2Y_usb_disconnect(struct usb_device *device, void* ptr)
-{
-	if (ptr) {
-		struct snd_card *card = ptr;
-		struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = usX2Y(card);
-		struct list_head *p;
-		usX2Y->chip_status = USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_HUP;
-		usX2Y_unlinkSeq(&usX2Y->AS04);
-		usb_kill_urb(usX2Y->In04urb);
-		snd_card_disconnect(card);
-		/* release the midi resources */
-		list_for_each(p, &usX2Y->midi_list) {
-			snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
-		}
-		if (usX2Y->us428ctls_sharedmem) 
-			wake_up(&usX2Y->us428ctls_wait_queue_head);
-		snd_card_free(card);
-	}
-}
-
-module_usb_driver(snd_usX2Y_usb_driver);
+module_usb_driver(snd_usx2y_usb_driver);
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h
index 144b85f57bd2..8d82f5cc2fe1 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2y.h
@@ -3,19 +3,19 @@
 #define USBUSX2Y_H
 #include "../usbaudio.h"
 #include "../midi.h"
-#include "usbus428ctldefs.h" 
+#include "usbus428ctldefs.h"
 
-#define NRURBS	        2	
+#define NRURBS	        2
 
 
-#define URBS_AsyncSeq 10
-#define URB_DataLen_AsyncSeq 32
-struct snd_usX2Y_AsyncSeq {
-	struct urb	*urb[URBS_AsyncSeq];
+#define URBS_ASYNC_SEQ 10
+#define URB_DATA_LEN_ASYNC_SEQ 32
+struct snd_usx2y_async_seq {
+	struct urb	*urb[URBS_ASYNC_SEQ];
 	char		*buffer;
 };
 
-struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq {
+struct snd_usx2y_urb_seq {
 	int	submitted;
 	int	len;
 	struct urb	*urb[];
@@ -23,17 +23,17 @@ struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq {
 
 #include "usx2yhwdeppcm.h"
 
-struct usX2Ydev {
+struct usx2ydev {
 	struct usb_device	*dev;
 	int			card_index;
 	int			stride;
-	struct urb		*In04urb;
-	void			*In04Buf;
-	char			In04Last[24];
-	unsigned		In04IntCalls;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq	*US04;
-	wait_queue_head_t	In04WaitQueue;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_AsyncSeq	AS04;
+	struct urb		*in04_urb;
+	void			*in04_buf;
+	char			in04_last[24];
+	unsigned int		in04_int_calls;
+	struct snd_usx2y_urb_seq	*us04;
+	wait_queue_head_t	in04_wait_queue;
+	struct snd_usx2y_async_seq	as04;
 	unsigned int		rate,
 				format;
 	int			chip_status;
@@ -41,31 +41,30 @@ struct usX2Ydev {
 	struct us428ctls_sharedmem	*us428ctls_sharedmem;
 	int			wait_iso_frame;
 	wait_queue_head_t	us428ctls_wait_queue_head;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm	*hwdep_pcm_shm;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	*subs[4];
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	* volatile  prepare_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm	*hwdep_pcm_shm;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	*subs[4];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	* volatile  prepare_subs;
 	wait_queue_head_t	prepare_wait_queue;
 	struct list_head	midi_list;
-	struct list_head	pcm_list;
 	int			pcm_devs;
 };
 
 
-struct snd_usX2Y_substream {
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y;
+struct snd_usx2y_substream {
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y;
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm_substream;
 
-	int			endpoint;		
+	int			endpoint;
 	unsigned int		maxpacksize;		/* max packet size in bytes */
 
 	atomic_t		state;
-#define state_STOPPED	0
-#define state_STARTING1 1
-#define state_STARTING2 2
-#define state_STARTING3 3
-#define state_PREPARED	4
-#define state_PRERUNNING  6
-#define state_RUNNING	8
+#define STATE_STOPPED	0
+#define STATE_STARTING1 1
+#define STATE_STARTING2 2
+#define STATE_STARTING3 3
+#define STATE_PREPARED	4
+#define STATE_PRERUNNING  6
+#define STATE_RUNNING	8
 
 	int			hwptr;			/* free frame position in the buffer (only for playback) */
 	int			hwptr_done;		/* processed frame position in the buffer */
@@ -77,12 +76,12 @@ struct snd_usX2Y_substream {
 };
 
 
-#define usX2Y(c) ((struct usX2Ydev *)(c)->private_data)
+#define usx2y(c) ((struct usx2ydev *)(c)->private_data)
 
-int usX2Y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card);
+int usx2y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card);
 
-int usX2Y_AsyncSeq04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y);
-int usX2Y_In04_init(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y);
+int usx2y_async_seq04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y);
+int usx2y_in04_init(struct usx2ydev *usx2y);
 
 #define NAME_ALLCAPS "US-X2Y"
 
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c
index ecaf41265dcd..6154662d3097 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usbusx2yaudio.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
  *
  *   Copyright (c) 2002 by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  *
- *   Many codes borrowed from audio.c by 
+ *   Many codes borrowed from audio.c by
  *	    Alan Cox (alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk)
  *	    Thomas Sailer (sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch)
  */
@@ -28,66 +28,69 @@
 #include "usx2y.h"
 #include "usbusx2y.h"
 
-#define USX2Y_NRPACKS 4			/* Default value used for nr of packs per urb.
-					  1 to 4 have been tested ok on uhci.
-					  To use 3 on ohci, you'd need a patch:
-					  look for "0000425-linux-2.6.9-rc4-mm1_ohci-hcd.patch.gz" on
-					  "https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/alsa-bug/bug_view_page.php?bug_id=0000425"
-					  .
-					  1, 2 and 4 work out of the box on ohci, if I recall correctly.
-					  Bigger is safer operation,
-					  smaller gives lower latencies.
-					*/
-#define USX2Y_NRPACKS_VARIABLE y	/* If your system works ok with this module's parameter
-					   nrpacks set to 1, you might as well comment 
-					   this #define out, and thereby produce smaller, faster code.
-					   You'd also set USX2Y_NRPACKS to 1 then.
-					*/
+/* Default value used for nr of packs per urb.
+ * 1 to 4 have been tested ok on uhci.
+ * To use 3 on ohci, you'd need a patch:
+ * look for "0000425-linux-2.6.9-rc4-mm1_ohci-hcd.patch.gz" on
+ * "https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/alsa-bug/bug_view_page.php?bug_id=0000425"
+ *
+ * 1, 2 and 4 work out of the box on ohci, if I recall correctly.
+ * Bigger is safer operation, smaller gives lower latencies.
+ */
+#define USX2Y_NRPACKS 4
+
+/* If your system works ok with this module's parameter
+ * nrpacks set to 1, you might as well comment
+ * this define out, and thereby produce smaller, faster code.
+ * You'd also set USX2Y_NRPACKS to 1 then.
+ */
+#define USX2Y_NRPACKS_VARIABLE 1
 
 #ifdef USX2Y_NRPACKS_VARIABLE
- static int nrpacks = USX2Y_NRPACKS; /* number of packets per urb */
- #define  nr_of_packs() nrpacks
- module_param(nrpacks, int, 0444);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(nrpacks, "Number of packets per URB.");
+static int nrpacks = USX2Y_NRPACKS; /* number of packets per urb */
+#define  nr_of_packs() nrpacks
+module_param(nrpacks, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(nrpacks, "Number of packets per URB.");
 #else
- #define nr_of_packs() USX2Y_NRPACKS
+#define nr_of_packs() USX2Y_NRPACKS
 #endif
 
-
-static int usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	struct urb	*urb = subs->completed_urb;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
 	unsigned char	*cp;
-	int 		i, len, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	int		i, len, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
+	int		cnt, blen;
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y = subs->usx2y;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_of_packs(); i++) {
-		cp = (unsigned char*)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset;
+		cp = (unsigned char *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset;
 		if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status) { /* active? hmm, skip this */
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "active frame status %i. "
-				   "Most probably some hardware problem.\n",
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "active frame status %i. Most probably some hardware problem.\n",
 				   urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status);
 			return urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status;
 		}
-		len = urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usX2Y->stride;
-		if (! len) {
+		len = urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usx2y->stride;
+		if (!len) {
 			snd_printd("0 == len ERROR!\n");
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* copy a data chunk */
 		if ((hwptr_done + len) > runtime->buffer_size) {
-			int cnt = runtime->buffer_size - hwptr_done;
-			int blen = cnt * usX2Y->stride;
-			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usX2Y->stride, cp, blen);
-			memcpy(runtime->dma_area, cp + blen, len * usX2Y->stride - blen);
+			cnt = runtime->buffer_size - hwptr_done;
+			blen = cnt * usx2y->stride;
+			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usx2y->stride, cp, blen);
+			memcpy(runtime->dma_area, cp + blen, len * usx2y->stride - blen);
 		} else {
-			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usX2Y->stride, cp,
-			       len * usX2Y->stride);
+			memcpy(runtime->dma_area + hwptr_done * usx2y->stride, cp,
+			       len * usx2y->stride);
 		}
 		lens += len;
-		if ((hwptr_done += len) >= runtime->buffer_size)
+		hwptr_done += len;
+		if (hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size)
 			hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size;
 	}
 
@@ -100,6 +103,7 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
+
 /*
  * prepare urb for playback data pipe
  *
@@ -110,18 +114,18 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
  * it directly from the buffer.  thus the data is once copied to
  * a temporary buffer and urb points to that.
  */
-static int usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
+static int usx2y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs,
 				  struct urb *cap_urb,
 				  struct urb *urb)
 {
-	int count, counts, pack;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
+	int count, counts, pack, len;
 
 	count = 0;
 	for (pack = 0; pack <  nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
 		/* calculate the size of a packet */
-		counts = cap_urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length / usX2Y->stride;
+		counts = cap_urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length / usx2y->stride;
 		count += counts;
 		if (counts < 43 || counts > 50) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "should not be here with counts=%i\n", counts);
@@ -134,29 +138,30 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
 			0;
 		urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = cap_urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].actual_length;
 	}
-	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PRERUNNING)
+	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PRERUNNING) {
 		if (subs->hwptr + count > runtime->buffer_size) {
 			/* err, the transferred area goes over buffer boundary.
 			 * copy the data to the temp buffer.
 			 */
-			int len;
 			len = runtime->buffer_size - subs->hwptr;
 			urb->transfer_buffer = subs->tmpbuf;
 			memcpy(subs->tmpbuf, runtime->dma_area +
-			       subs->hwptr * usX2Y->stride, len * usX2Y->stride);
-			memcpy(subs->tmpbuf + len * usX2Y->stride,
-			       runtime->dma_area, (count - len) * usX2Y->stride);
+			       subs->hwptr * usx2y->stride, len * usx2y->stride);
+			memcpy(subs->tmpbuf + len * usx2y->stride,
+			       runtime->dma_area, (count - len) * usx2y->stride);
 			subs->hwptr += count;
 			subs->hwptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
 		} else {
 			/* set the buffer pointer */
-			urb->transfer_buffer = runtime->dma_area + subs->hwptr * usX2Y->stride;
-			if ((subs->hwptr += count) >= runtime->buffer_size)
+			urb->transfer_buffer = runtime->dma_area + subs->hwptr * usx2y->stride;
+			subs->hwptr += count;
+			if (subs->hwptr >= runtime->buffer_size)
 				subs->hwptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
 		}
-	else
+	} else {
 		urb->transfer_buffer = subs->tmpbuf;
-	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usX2Y->stride;
+	}
+	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usx2y->stride;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -165,10 +170,10 @@ static int usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
  *
  * update the current position and call callback if a period is processed.
  */
-static void usX2Y_urb_play_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
+static void usx2y_urb_play_retire(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
-	int		len = urb->actual_length / subs->usX2Y->stride;
+	int		len = urb->actual_length / subs->usx2y->stride;
 
 	subs->transfer_done += len;
 	subs->hwptr_done +=  len;
@@ -180,181 +185,195 @@ static void usX2Y_urb_play_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *
 	}
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_urb_submit(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb, int frame)
+static int usx2y_urb_submit(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb, int frame)
 {
 	int err;
+
 	if (!urb)
 		return -ENODEV;
-	urb->start_frame = (frame + NRURBS * nr_of_packs());  // let hcd do rollover sanity checks
+	urb->start_frame = frame + NRURBS * nr_of_packs();  // let hcd do rollover sanity checks
 	urb->hcpriv = NULL;
-	urb->dev = subs->usX2Y->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
-	if ((err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC)) < 0) {
+	urb->dev = subs->usx2y->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
+	err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (err < 0) {
 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_submit_urb() returned %i\n", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline int usX2Y_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs,
-					  struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playbacksubs,
-					  int frame)
+static int usx2y_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs,
+				   struct snd_usx2y_substream *playbacksubs,
+				   int frame)
 {
 	int err, state;
 	struct urb *urb = playbacksubs->completed_urb;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state);
-	if (NULL != urb) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING)
-			usX2Y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
-		else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+	if (urb) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING)
+			usx2y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
+		else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 	} else {
 		switch (state) {
-		case state_STARTING1:
+		case STATE_STARTING1:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[0];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
-		case state_STARTING2:
+		case STATE_STARTING2:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[1];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (urb) {
-		if ((err = usX2Y_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, capsubs->completed_urb, urb)) ||
-		    (err = usX2Y_urb_submit(playbacksubs, urb, frame))) {
+		err = usx2y_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, capsubs->completed_urb, urb);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		err = usx2y_urb_submit(playbacksubs, urb, frame);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
-		}
 	}
 
 	playbacksubs->completed_urb = NULL;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&capsubs->state);
-	if (state >= state_PREPARED) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING) {
-			if ((err = usX2Y_urb_capt_retire(capsubs)))
+	if (state >= STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING) {
+			err = usx2y_urb_capt_retire(capsubs);
+			if (err)
 				return err;
-		} else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+		} else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING) {
 			atomic_inc(&capsubs->state);
-		if ((err = usX2Y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame)))
+		}
+		err = usx2y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
 	capsubs->completed_urb = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static void usX2Y_clients_stop(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y)
+static void usx2y_clients_stop(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
+	struct urb *urb;
 	int s, u;
 
 	for (s = 0; s < 4; s++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[s];
+		subs = usx2y->subs[s];
 		if (subs) {
 			snd_printdd("%i %p state=%i\n", s, subs, atomic_read(&subs->state));
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
 		}
 	}
 	for (s = 0; s < 4; s++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[s];
+		subs = usx2y->subs[s];
 		if (subs) {
-			if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PRERUNNING)
+			if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
 				snd_pcm_stop_xrun(subs->pcm_substream);
 			for (u = 0; u < NRURBS; u++) {
-				struct urb *urb = subs->urb[u];
-				if (NULL != urb)
+				urb = subs->urb[u];
+				if (urb)
 					snd_printdd("%i status=%i start_frame=%i\n",
 						    u, urb->status, urb->start_frame);
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = NULL;
-	wake_up(&usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue);
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = NULL;
+	wake_up(&usx2y->prepare_wait_queue);
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_error_urb_status(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y,
-				   struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
+static void usx2y_error_urb_status(struct usx2ydev *usx2y,
+				   struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs, struct urb *urb)
 {
 	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "ep=%i stalled with status=%i\n", subs->endpoint, urb->status);
 	urb->status = 0;
-	usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);
+	usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs, *playbacksubs;
 
-	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
+	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
 		snd_printdd("hcd_frame=%i ep=%i%s status=%i start_frame=%i\n",
-			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usX2Y->dev),
+			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usx2y->dev),
 			    subs->endpoint, usb_pipein(urb->pipe) ? "in" : "out",
 			    urb->status, urb->start_frame);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (unlikely(urb->status)) {
-		usX2Y_error_urb_status(usX2Y, subs, urb);
+		usx2y_error_urb_status(usx2y, subs, urb);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	subs->completed_urb = urb;
 
-	{
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE],
-			*playbacksubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-		if (capsubs->completed_urb &&
-		    atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= state_PREPARED &&
-		    (playbacksubs->completed_urb ||
-		     atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
-			if (!usX2Y_usbframe_complete(capsubs, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame))
-				usX2Y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
-			else {
-				snd_printdd("\n");
-				usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);
-			}
+	capsubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	playbacksubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+
+	if (capsubs->completed_urb &&
+	    atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED &&
+	    (playbacksubs->completed_urb ||
+	     atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
+		if (!usx2y_usbframe_complete(capsubs, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame)) {
+			usx2y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
+		} else {
+			snd_printdd("\n");
+			usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y,
+static void usx2y_urbs_set_complete(struct usx2ydev *usx2y,
 				    void (*complete)(struct urb *))
 {
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
+	struct urb *urb;
 	int s, u;
+
 	for (s = 0; s < 4; s++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[s];
-		if (NULL != subs)
+		subs = usx2y->subs[s];
+		if (subs) {
 			for (u = 0; u < NRURBS; u++) {
-				struct urb * urb = subs->urb[u];
-				if (NULL != urb)
+				urb = subs->urb[u];
+				if (urb)
 					urb->complete = complete;
 			}
+		}
 	}
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y)
+static void usx2y_subs_startup_finish(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_urb_complete);
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = NULL;
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_urb_complete);
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = NULL;
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *prepare_subs = usX2Y->prepare_subs;
-	if (NULL != prepare_subs)
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *prepare_subs = usx2y->prepare_subs;
+
+	if (prepare_subs) {
 		if (urb->start_frame == prepare_subs->urb[0]->start_frame) {
-			usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);
+			usx2y_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);
 			atomic_inc(&prepare_subs->state);
-			wake_up(&usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue);
+			wake_up(&usx2y->prepare_wait_queue);
 		}
+	}
 
-	i_usX2Y_urb_complete(urb);
+	i_usx2y_urb_complete(urb);
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_subs_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_subs_prepare(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	snd_printdd("usX2Y_substream_prepare(%p) ep=%i urb0=%p urb1=%p\n",
+	snd_printdd("usx2y_substream_prepare(%p) ep=%i urb0=%p urb1=%p\n",
 		    subs, subs->endpoint, subs->urb[0], subs->urb[1]);
 	/* reset the pointer */
 	subs->hwptr = 0;
@@ -362,8 +381,7 @@ static void usX2Y_subs_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	subs->transfer_done = 0;
 }
 
-
-static void usX2Y_urb_release(struct urb **urb, int free_tb)
+static void usx2y_urb_release(struct urb **urb, int free_tb)
 {
 	if (*urb) {
 		usb_kill_urb(*urb);
@@ -373,29 +391,33 @@ static void usX2Y_urb_release(struct urb **urb, int free_tb)
 		*urb = NULL;
 	}
 }
+
 /*
  * release a substreams urbs
  */
-static void usX2Y_urbs_release(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_urbs_release(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
-	snd_printdd("usX2Y_urbs_release() %i\n", subs->endpoint);
+
+	snd_printdd("%s %i\n", __func__, subs->endpoint);
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++)
-		usX2Y_urb_release(subs->urb + i,
-				  subs != subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]);
+		usx2y_urb_release(subs->urb + i,
+				  subs != subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]);
 
 	kfree(subs->tmpbuf);
 	subs->tmpbuf = NULL;
 }
+
 /*
  * initialize a substream's urbs
  */
-static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
 	unsigned int pipe;
-	int is_playback = subs == subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usX2Y->dev;
+	int is_playback = subs == subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usx2y->dev;
+	struct urb **purb;
 
 	pipe = is_playback ? usb_sndisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint) :
 			usb_rcvisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint);
@@ -403,21 +425,21 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	if (!subs->maxpacksize)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (is_playback && NULL == subs->tmpbuf) {	/* allocate a temporary buffer for playback */
+	if (is_playback && !subs->tmpbuf) {	/* allocate a temporary buffer for playback */
 		subs->tmpbuf = kcalloc(nr_of_packs(), subs->maxpacksize, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!subs->tmpbuf)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 	/* allocate and initialize data urbs */
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++) {
-		struct urb **purb = subs->urb + i;
+		purb = subs->urb + i;
 		if (*purb) {
 			usb_kill_urb(*purb);
 			continue;
 		}
 		*purb = usb_alloc_urb(nr_of_packs(), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == *purb) {
-			usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+		if (!*purb) {
+			usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		if (!is_playback && !(*purb)->transfer_buffer) {
@@ -425,8 +447,8 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 			(*purb)->transfer_buffer =
 				kmalloc_array(subs->maxpacksize,
 					      nr_of_packs(), GFP_KERNEL);
-			if (NULL == (*purb)->transfer_buffer) {
-				usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+			if (!(*purb)->transfer_buffer) {
+				usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 				return -ENOMEM;
 			}
 		}
@@ -435,70 +457,76 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 		(*purb)->number_of_packets = nr_of_packs();
 		(*purb)->context = subs;
 		(*purb)->interval = 1;
-		(*purb)->complete = i_usX2Y_subs_startup;
+		(*purb)->complete = i_usx2y_subs_startup;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_subs_startup(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_subs_startup(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = subs;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = subs;
 	subs->urb[0]->start_frame = -1;
 	wmb();
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_subs_startup);
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_subs_startup);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_urbs_start(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_urbs_start(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i, err;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct urb *urb;
+	unsigned long pack;
 
-	if ((err = usX2Y_urbs_allocate(subs)) < 0)
+	err = usx2y_urbs_allocate(subs);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 	subs->completed_urb = NULL;
 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[i];
-		if (subs != NULL && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PREPARED)
+		struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[i];
+
+		if (subs && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED)
 			goto start;
 	}
 
  start:
-	usX2Y_subs_startup(subs);
+	usx2y_subs_startup(subs);
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++) {
-		struct urb *urb = subs->urb[i];
+		urb = subs->urb[i];
 		if (usb_pipein(urb->pipe)) {
-			unsigned long pack;
-			if (0 == i)
-				atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING3);
-			urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
+			if (!i)
+				atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING3);
+			urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
 			for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
 				urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = subs->maxpacksize * pack;
 				urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = subs->maxpacksize;
 			}
-			urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs(); 
-			if ((err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC)) < 0) {
-				snd_printk (KERN_ERR "cannot submit datapipe for urb %d, err = %d\n", i, err);
+			urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs();
+			err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot submit datapipe for urb %d, err = %d\n", i, err);
 				err = -EPIPE;
 				goto cleanup;
-			} else
-				if (i == 0)
-					usX2Y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
+			} else {
+				if (!i)
+					usx2y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
+			}
 			urb->transfer_flags = 0;
 		} else {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING1);
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING1);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	err = 0;
-	wait_event(usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue, NULL == usX2Y->prepare_subs);
-	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != state_PREPARED)
+	wait_event(usx2y->prepare_wait_queue, !usx2y->prepare_subs);
+	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != STATE_PREPARED)
 		err = -EPIPE;
 
  cleanup:
 	if (err) {
-		usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);
-		usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything
+		usx2y_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);
+		usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything
 	}
 	return err;
 }
@@ -506,33 +534,35 @@ static int usX2Y_urbs_start(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 /*
  * return the current pcm pointer.  just return the hwptr_done value.
  */
-static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usX2Y_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_usx2y_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+
 	return subs->hwptr_done;
 }
+
 /*
  * start/stop substream
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = substream->runtime->private_data;
 
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
-		snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(START)\n");
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) == state_PREPARED &&
-		    atomic_read(&subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->state) >= state_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_PRERUNNING);
+		snd_printdd("%s(START)\n", __func__);
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) == STATE_PREPARED &&
+		    atomic_read(&subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->state) >= STATE_PREPARED) {
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_PRERUNNING);
 		} else {
 			snd_printdd("\n");
 			return -EPIPE;
 		}
 		break;
 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
-		snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(STOP)\n");
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PRERUNNING)
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_PREPARED);
+		snd_printdd("%s(STOP)\n", __func__);
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_PREPARED);
 		break;
 	default:
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -540,7 +570,6 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
 /*
  * allocate a buffer, setup samplerate
  *
@@ -549,12 +578,11 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
  * if sg buffer is supported on the later version of alsa, we'll follow
  * that.
  */
-static const struct s_c2
-{
+struct s_c2 {
 	char c1, c2;
-}
-	SetRate44100[] =
-{
+};
+
+static const struct s_c2 setrate_44100[] = {
 	{ 0x14, 0x08},	// this line sets 44100, well actually a little less
 	{ 0x18, 0x40},	// only tascam / frontier design knows the further lines .......
 	{ 0x18, 0x42},
@@ -589,8 +617,8 @@ static const struct s_c2
 	{ 0x18, 0x7C},
 	{ 0x18, 0x7E}
 };
-static const struct s_c2 SetRate48000[] =
-{
+
+static const struct s_c2 setrate_48000[] = {
 	{ 0x14, 0x09},	// this line sets 48000, well actually a little less
 	{ 0x18, 0x40},	// only tascam / frontier design knows the further lines .......
 	{ 0x18, 0x42},
@@ -625,62 +653,65 @@ static const struct s_c2 SetRate48000[] =
 	{ 0x18, 0x7C},
 	{ 0x18, 0x7E}
 };
-#define NOOF_SETRATE_URBS ARRAY_SIZE(SetRate48000)
 
-static void i_usX2Y_04Int(struct urb *urb)
+#define NOOF_SETRATE_URBS ARRAY_SIZE(setrate_48000)
+
+static void i_usx2y_04int(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = urb->context;
-	
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = urb->context;
+
 	if (urb->status)
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "snd_usX2Y_04Int() urb->status=%i\n", urb->status);
-	if (0 == --usX2Y->US04->len)
-		wake_up(&usX2Y->In04WaitQueue);
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "snd_usx2y_04int() urb->status=%i\n", urb->status);
+	if (!--usx2y->us04->len)
+		wake_up(&usx2y->in04_wait_queue);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_rate_set(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y, int rate)
+static int usx2y_rate_set(struct usx2ydev *usx2y, int rate)
 {
 	int			err = 0, i;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_urbSeq	*us = NULL;
+	struct snd_usx2y_urb_seq	*us = NULL;
 	int			*usbdata = NULL;
-	const struct s_c2	*ra = rate == 48000 ? SetRate48000 : SetRate44100;
+	const struct s_c2	*ra = rate == 48000 ? setrate_48000 : setrate_44100;
+	struct urb *urb;
 
-	if (usX2Y->rate != rate) {
-		us = kzalloc(sizeof(*us) + sizeof(struct urb*) * NOOF_SETRATE_URBS, GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == us) {
+	if (usx2y->rate != rate) {
+		us = kzalloc(sizeof(*us) + sizeof(struct urb *) * NOOF_SETRATE_URBS, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!us) {
 			err = -ENOMEM;
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 		usbdata = kmalloc_array(NOOF_SETRATE_URBS, sizeof(int),
 					GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == usbdata) {
+		if (!usbdata) {
 			err = -ENOMEM;
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 		for (i = 0; i < NOOF_SETRATE_URBS; ++i) {
-			if (NULL == (us->urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL))) {
+			us->urb[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!us->urb[i]) {
 				err = -ENOMEM;
 				goto cleanup;
 			}
-			((char*)(usbdata + i))[0] = ra[i].c1;
-			((char*)(usbdata + i))[1] = ra[i].c2;
-			usb_fill_bulk_urb(us->urb[i], usX2Y->dev, usb_sndbulkpipe(usX2Y->dev, 4),
-					  usbdata + i, 2, i_usX2Y_04Int, usX2Y);
+			((char *)(usbdata + i))[0] = ra[i].c1;
+			((char *)(usbdata + i))[1] = ra[i].c2;
+			usb_fill_bulk_urb(us->urb[i], usx2y->dev, usb_sndbulkpipe(usx2y->dev, 4),
+					  usbdata + i, 2, i_usx2y_04int, usx2y);
 		}
 		err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(us->urb[0]);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto cleanup;
 		us->submitted =	0;
 		us->len =	NOOF_SETRATE_URBS;
-		usX2Y->US04 =	us;
-		wait_event_timeout(usX2Y->In04WaitQueue, 0 == us->len, HZ);
-		usX2Y->US04 =	NULL;
+		usx2y->us04 =	us;
+		wait_event_timeout(usx2y->in04_wait_queue, !us->len, HZ);
+		usx2y->us04 =	NULL;
 		if (us->len)
 			err = -ENODEV;
 	cleanup:
 		if (us) {
 			us->submitted =	2*NOOF_SETRATE_URBS;
 			for (i = 0; i < NOOF_SETRATE_URBS; ++i) {
-				struct urb *urb = us->urb[i];
+				urb = us->urb[i];
 				if (!urb)
 					continue;
 				if (urb->status) {
@@ -690,67 +721,68 @@ static int usX2Y_rate_set(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y, int rate)
 				}
 				usb_free_urb(urb);
 			}
-			usX2Y->US04 = NULL;
+			usx2y->us04 = NULL;
 			kfree(usbdata);
 			kfree(us);
 			if (!err)
-				usX2Y->rate = rate;
+				usx2y->rate = rate;
 		}
 	}
 
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-static int usX2Y_format_set(struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y, snd_pcm_format_t format)
+static int usx2y_format_set(struct usx2ydev *usx2y, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	int alternate, err;
-	struct list_head* p;
+	struct list_head *p;
+
 	if (format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE) {
 		alternate = 2;
-		usX2Y->stride = 6;
+		usx2y->stride = 6;
 	} else {
 		alternate = 1;
-		usX2Y->stride = 4;
+		usx2y->stride = 4;
 	}
-	list_for_each(p, &usX2Y->midi_list) {
+	list_for_each(p, &usx2y->midi_list) {
 		snd_usbmidi_input_stop(p);
 	}
-	usb_kill_urb(usX2Y->In04urb);
-	if ((err = usb_set_interface(usX2Y->dev, 0, alternate))) {
-		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error \n");
+	usb_kill_urb(usx2y->in04_urb);
+	err = usb_set_interface(usx2y->dev, 0, alternate);
+	if (err) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "usb_set_interface error\n");
 		return err;
 	}
-	usX2Y->In04urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
-	err = usb_submit_urb(usX2Y->In04urb, GFP_KERNEL);
-	list_for_each(p, &usX2Y->midi_list) {
+	usx2y->in04_urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
+	err = usb_submit_urb(usx2y->in04_urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+	list_for_each(p, &usx2y->midi_list) {
 		snd_usbmidi_input_start(p);
 	}
-	usX2Y->format = format;
-	usX2Y->rate = 0;
+	usx2y->format = format;
+	usx2y->rate = 0;
 	return err;
 }
 
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 				   struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
 {
 	int			err = 0;
 	unsigned int		rate = params_rate(hw_params);
 	snd_pcm_format_t	format = params_format(hw_params);
 	struct snd_card *card = substream->pstr->pcm->card;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*dev = usX2Y(card);
+	struct usx2ydev	*dev = usx2y(card);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *test_substream;
 	int i;
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_hw_params(%p, %p)\n", substream, hw_params);
-	/* all pcm substreams off one usX2Y have to operate at the same
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_hw_params(%p, %p)\n", substream, hw_params);
+	/* all pcm substreams off one usx2y have to operate at the same
 	 * rate & format
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < dev->pcm_devs * 2; i++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = dev->subs[i];
-		struct snd_pcm_substream *test_substream;
-
+		subs = dev->subs[i];
 		if (!subs)
 			continue;
 		test_substream = subs->pcm_substream;
@@ -767,81 +799,89 @@ static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	}
 
  error:
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
 /*
  * free the buffer
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
-	mutex_lock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_hw_free(%p)\n", substream);
-
-	if (SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK == substream->stream) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *cap_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
-		atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-		usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs, *playback_subs;
+
+	mutex_lock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_hw_free(%p)\n", substream);
+
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		cap_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+		atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+		usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 		if (!cap_subs->pcm_substream ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status ||
 		    cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status->state < SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_urbs_release(cap_subs);
+			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_urbs_release(cap_subs);
 		}
 	} else {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playback_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_urbs_release(subs);
+		playback_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_urbs_release(subs);
 		}
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
+
 /*
  * prepare callback
  *
  * set format and initialize urbs
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
 	int err = 0;
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare(%p)\n", substream);
-
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	usX2Y_subs_prepare(subs);
-// Start hardware streams
-// SyncStream first....
-	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-		if (usX2Y->format != runtime->format)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_format_set(usX2Y, runtime->format)) < 0)
+
+	snd_printdd("%s(%p)\n", __func__, substream);
+
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+	usx2y_subs_prepare(subs);
+	// Start hardware streams
+	// SyncStream first....
+	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (usx2y->format != runtime->format) {
+			err = usx2y_format_set(usx2y, runtime->format);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
-		if (usX2Y->rate != runtime->rate)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_rate_set(usX2Y, runtime->rate)) < 0)
+		}
+		if (usx2y->rate != runtime->rate) {
+			err = usx2y_rate_set(usx2y, runtime->rate);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
+		}
 		snd_printdd("starting capture pipe for %s\n", subs == capsubs ? "self" : "playpipe");
-		if (0 > (err = usX2Y_urbs_start(capsubs)))
+		err = usx2y_urbs_start(capsubs);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto up_prepare_mutex;
 	}
 
-	if (subs != capsubs && atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED)
-		err = usX2Y_urbs_start(subs);
+	if (subs != capsubs && atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)
+		err = usx2y_urbs_start(subs);
 
  up_prepare_mutex:
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_2c =
-{
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usx2y_2c = {
 	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
@@ -860,106 +900,101 @@ static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_2c =
 	.fifo_size =              0
 };
 
-
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	*subs = ((struct snd_usX2Y_substream **)
-					 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	*subs =
+		((struct snd_usx2y_substream **)
+		 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime	*runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	if (subs->usX2Y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS)
+	if (subs->usx2y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	runtime->hw = snd_usX2Y_2c;
+	runtime->hw = snd_usx2y_2c;
 	runtime->private_data = subs;
 	subs->pcm_substream = substream;
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, 1000, 200000);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
 
 	subs->pcm_substream = NULL;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usX2Y_pcm_ops =
-{
-	.open =		snd_usX2Y_pcm_open,
-	.close =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_close,
-	.hw_params =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params,
-	.hw_free =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_free,
-	.prepare =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare,
-	.trigger =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger,
-	.pointer =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_pointer,
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usx2y_pcm_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_usx2y_pcm_open,
+	.close =	snd_usx2y_pcm_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_usx2y_pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_usx2y_pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_usx2y_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
-
 /*
  * free a usb stream instance
  */
-static void usX2Y_audio_stream_free(struct snd_usX2Y_substream **usX2Y_substream)
+static void usx2y_audio_stream_free(struct snd_usx2y_substream **usx2y_substream)
 {
 	int stream;
 
 	for_each_pcm_streams(stream) {
-		kfree(usX2Y_substream[stream]);
-		usX2Y_substream[stream] = NULL;
+		kfree(usx2y_substream[stream]);
+		usx2y_substream[stream] = NULL;
 	}
 }
 
-static void snd_usX2Y_pcm_private_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
+static void snd_usx2y_pcm_private_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream **usX2Y_stream = pcm->private_data;
-	if (usX2Y_stream)
-		usX2Y_audio_stream_free(usX2Y_stream);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream **usx2y_stream = pcm->private_data;
+
+	if (usx2y_stream)
+		usx2y_audio_stream_free(usx2y_stream);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint, int capture_endpoint)
+static int usx2y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint, int capture_endpoint)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
 	int err, i;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream **usX2Y_substream =
-		usX2Y(card)->subs + 2 * usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream **usx2y_substream =
+		usx2y(card)->subs + 2 * usx2y(card)->pcm_devs;
 
 	for (i = playback_endpoint ? SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK : SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE;
 	     i <= SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE; ++i) {
-		usX2Y_substream[i] = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_substream), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!usX2Y_substream[i])
+		usx2y_substream[i] = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_usx2y_substream), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!usx2y_substream[i])
 			return -ENOMEM;
 
-		usX2Y_substream[i]->usX2Y = usX2Y(card);
+		usx2y_substream[i]->usx2y = usx2y(card);
 	}
 
 	if (playback_endpoint)
-		usX2Y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]->endpoint = playback_endpoint;
-	usX2Y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->endpoint = capture_endpoint;
+		usx2y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK]->endpoint = playback_endpoint;
+	usx2y_substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]->endpoint = capture_endpoint;
 
-	err = snd_pcm_new(card, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio", usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs,
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio", usx2y(card)->pcm_devs,
 			  playback_endpoint ? 1 : 0, 1,
 			  &pcm);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		usX2Y_audio_stream_free(usX2Y_substream);
+		usx2y_audio_stream_free(usx2y_substream);
 		return err;
 	}
 
 	if (playback_endpoint)
-		snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usX2Y_pcm_ops);
-	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usX2Y_pcm_ops);
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usx2y_pcm_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usx2y_pcm_ops);
 
-	pcm->private_data = usX2Y_substream;
-	pcm->private_free = snd_usX2Y_pcm_private_free;
+	pcm->private_data = usx2y_substream;
+	pcm->private_free = snd_usx2y_pcm_private_free;
 	pcm->info_flags = 0;
 
-	sprintf(pcm->name, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio #%d", usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs);
+	sprintf(pcm->name, NAME_ALLCAPS" Audio #%d", usx2y(card)->pcm_devs);
 
 	if (playback_endpoint) {
 		snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer(pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substream,
@@ -972,7 +1007,7 @@ static int usX2Y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint,
 				   SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_CONTINUOUS,
 				   NULL,
 				   64*1024, 128*1024);
-	usX2Y(card)->pcm_devs++;
+	usx2y(card)->pcm_devs++;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -980,18 +1015,19 @@ static int usX2Y_audio_stream_new(struct snd_card *card, int playback_endpoint,
 /*
  * create a chip instance and set its names.
  */
-int usX2Y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card)
+int usx2y_audio_create(struct snd_card *card)
 {
-	int err = 0;
-	
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_list);
+	int err;
 
-	if (0 > (err = usX2Y_audio_stream_new(card, 0xA, 0x8)))
+	err = usx2y_audio_stream_new(card, 0xA, 0x8);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	if (le16_to_cpu(usX2Y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) == USB_ID_US428)
-	     if (0 > (err = usX2Y_audio_stream_new(card, 0, 0xA)))
-		     return err;
-	if (le16_to_cpu(usX2Y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122)
-		err = usX2Y_rate_set(usX2Y(card), 44100);	// Lets us428 recognize output-volume settings, disturbs us122.
+	if (le16_to_cpu(usx2y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) == USB_ID_US428) {
+		err = usx2y_audio_stream_new(card, 0, 0xA);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (le16_to_cpu(usx2y(card)->dev->descriptor.idProduct) != USB_ID_US122)
+		err = usx2y_rate_set(usx2y(card), 44100);	// Lets us428 recognize output-volume settings, disturbs us122.
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c
index 8253669c6a7d..da643c2dbb12 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
  Its usb's unableness to atomically handle power of 2 period sized data chuncs
  at standard samplerates,
- what led to this part of the usx2y module: 
+ what led to this part of the usx2y module:
  It provides the alsa kernel half of the usx2y-alsa-jack driver pair.
  The pair uses a hardware dependent alsa-device for mmaped pcm transport.
  Advantage achieved:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
  Kernel:
  - rawusb dma pcm buffer transport should go to snd-usb-lib, so also snd-usb-audio
    devices can use it.
-   Currently rawusb dma pcm buffer transport (this file) is only available to snd-usb-usx2y. 
+   Currently rawusb dma pcm buffer transport (this file) is only available to snd-usb-usx2y.
 */
 
 #include <linux/delay.h>
@@ -46,28 +46,32 @@
 
 #include <sound/hwdep.h>
 
-
-static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	struct urb	*urb = subs->completed_urb;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
-	int 		i, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	if (0 > usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start) { //FIXME
-		int head = usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
-		if (head >= ARRAY_SIZE(usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso))
+	int		i, lens = 0, hwptr_done = subs->hwptr_done;
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	int head;
+
+	if (usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start < 0) { //FIXME
+		head = usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
+		if (head >= ARRAY_SIZE(usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso))
 			head = 0;
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = head;
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = head;
 		snd_printdd("cap start %i\n", head);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_of_packs(); i++) {
 		if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status) { /* active? hmm, skip this */
-			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "active frame status %i. Most probably some hardware problem.\n", urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status);
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "active frame status %i. Most probably some hardware problem.\n",
+				   urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status);
 			return urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status;
 		}
-		lens += urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usX2Y->stride;
+		lens += urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / usx2y->stride;
 	}
-	if ((hwptr_done += lens) >= runtime->buffer_size)
+	hwptr_done += lens;
+	if (hwptr_done >= runtime->buffer_size)
 		hwptr_done -= runtime->buffer_size;
 	subs->hwptr_done = hwptr_done;
 	subs->transfer_done += lens;
@@ -79,10 +83,10 @@ static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline int usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
-					      struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y)
+static int usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
+					      struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	return (runtime->buffer_size * 1000) / usX2Y->rate + 1;	//FIXME: so far only correct period_size == 2^x ?
+	return (runtime->buffer_size * 1000) / usx2y->rate + 1;	//FIXME: so far only correct period_size == 2^x ?
 }
 
 /*
@@ -95,18 +99,18 @@ static inline int usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
  * it directly from the buffer.  thus the data is once copied to
  * a temporary buffer and urb points to that.
  */
-static int usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
+static int usx2y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs,
 					struct urb *urb)
 {
 	int count, counts, pack;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm = usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm = usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->pcm_substream->runtime;
 
-	if (0 > shm->playback_iso_start) {
+	if (shm->playback_iso_start < 0) {
 		shm->playback_iso_start = shm->captured_iso_head -
-			usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y);
-		if (0 > shm->playback_iso_start)
+			usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y);
+		if (shm->playback_iso_start < 0)
 			shm->playback_iso_start += ARRAY_SIZE(shm->captured_iso);
 		shm->playback_iso_head = shm->playback_iso_start;
 	}
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ static int usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
 	count = 0;
 	for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
 		/* calculate the size of a packet */
-		counts = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].length / usX2Y->stride;
+		counts = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].length / usx2y->stride;
 		if (counts < 43 || counts > 50) {
 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "should not be here with counts=%i\n", counts);
 			return -EPIPE;
@@ -122,27 +126,29 @@ static int usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
 		/* set up descriptor */
 		urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].offset;
 		urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = shm->captured_iso[shm->playback_iso_head].length;
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != state_RUNNING)
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != STATE_RUNNING)
 			memset((char *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset, 0,
 			       urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length);
 		if (++shm->playback_iso_head >= ARRAY_SIZE(shm->captured_iso))
 			shm->playback_iso_head = 0;
 		count += counts;
 	}
-	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usX2Y->stride;
+	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count * usx2y->stride;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static inline void usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs,
-						     struct urb *urb)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs,
+					      struct urb *urb)
 {
-	int pack;
+	struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *desc;
+	struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm;
+	int pack, head;
+
 	for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); ++pack) {
-		struct usb_iso_packet_descriptor *desc = urb->iso_frame_desc + pack;
-		if (NULL != subs) {
-			struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm *shm = subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
-			int head = shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
+		desc = urb->iso_frame_desc + pack;
+		if (subs) {
+			shm = subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm;
+			head = shm->captured_iso_head + 1;
 			if (head >= ARRAY_SIZE(shm->captured_iso))
 				head = 0;
 			shm->captured_iso[head].frame = urb->start_frame + pack;
@@ -151,106 +157,111 @@ static inline void usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(struct snd_usX2Y_substream
 			shm->captured_iso_head = head;
 			shm->captured_iso_frames++;
 		}
-		if ((desc->offset += desc->length * NRURBS*nr_of_packs()) +
-		    desc->length >= SSS)
+		desc->offset += desc->length * NRURBS * nr_of_packs();
+		if (desc->offset + desc->length >= SSS)
 			desc->offset -= (SSS - desc->length);
 	}
 }
 
-static inline int usX2Y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs,
-						 struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs2,
-						 struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playbacksubs,
-						 int frame)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs,
+					  struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs2,
+					  struct snd_usx2y_substream *playbacksubs,
+					  int frame)
 {
 	int err, state;
 	struct urb *urb = playbacksubs->completed_urb;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state);
-	if (NULL != urb) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING)
-			usX2Y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
-		else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+	if (urb) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING)
+			usx2y_urb_play_retire(playbacksubs, urb);
+		else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING)
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 	} else {
 		switch (state) {
-		case state_STARTING1:
+		case STATE_STARTING1:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[0];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
-		case state_STARTING2:
+		case STATE_STARTING2:
 			urb = playbacksubs->urb[1];
 			atomic_inc(&playbacksubs->state);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (urb) {
-		if ((err = usX2Y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, urb)) ||
-		    (err = usX2Y_urb_submit(playbacksubs, urb, frame))) {
+		err = usx2y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, urb);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		err = usx2y_hwdep_urb_play_prepare(playbacksubs, urb);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
-		}
 	}
-	
+
 	playbacksubs->completed_urb = NULL;
 
 	state = atomic_read(&capsubs->state);
-	if (state >= state_PREPARED) {
-		if (state == state_RUNNING) {
-			if ((err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(capsubs)))
+	if (state >= STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (state == STATE_RUNNING) {
+			err = usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_retire(capsubs);
+			if (err)
 				return err;
-		} else if (state >= state_PRERUNNING)
+		} else if (state >= STATE_PRERUNNING) {
 			atomic_inc(&capsubs->state);
-		usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb);
-		if (NULL != capsubs2)
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(NULL, capsubs2->completed_urb);
-		if ((err = usX2Y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame)))
+		}
+		usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb);
+		if (capsubs2)
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urb_capt_iso_advance(NULL, capsubs2->completed_urb);
+		err = usx2y_urb_submit(capsubs, capsubs->completed_urb, frame);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
-		if (NULL != capsubs2)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_urb_submit(capsubs2, capsubs2->completed_urb, frame)))
+		if (capsubs2) {
+			err = usx2y_urb_submit(capsubs2, capsubs2->completed_urb, frame);
+			if (err)
 				return err;
+		}
 	}
 	capsubs->completed_urb = NULL;
-	if (NULL != capsubs2)
+	if (capsubs2)
 		capsubs2->completed_urb = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static void i_usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_usbpcm_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs, *capsubs2, *playbacksubs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs, *capsubs2, *playbacksubs;
 
-	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
+	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
 		snd_printdd("hcd_frame=%i ep=%i%s status=%i start_frame=%i\n",
-			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usX2Y->dev),
+			    usb_get_current_frame_number(usx2y->dev),
 			    subs->endpoint, usb_pipein(urb->pipe) ? "in" : "out",
 			    urb->status, urb->start_frame);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (unlikely(urb->status)) {
-		usX2Y_error_urb_status(usX2Y, subs, urb);
+		usx2y_error_urb_status(usx2y, subs, urb);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	subs->completed_urb = urb;
-	capsubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
-	capsubs2 = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
-	playbacksubs = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-	if (capsubs->completed_urb && atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= state_PREPARED &&
-	    (NULL == capsubs2 || capsubs2->completed_urb) &&
-	    (playbacksubs->completed_urb || atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < state_PREPARED)) {
-		if (!usX2Y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(capsubs, capsubs2, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame))
-			usX2Y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
-		else {
+	capsubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	capsubs2 = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
+	playbacksubs = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+	if (capsubs->completed_urb && atomic_read(&capsubs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED &&
+	    (!capsubs2 || capsubs2->completed_urb) &&
+	    (playbacksubs->completed_urb || atomic_read(&playbacksubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED)) {
+		if (!usx2y_usbpcm_usbframe_complete(capsubs, capsubs2, playbacksubs, urb->start_frame)) {
+			usx2y->wait_iso_frame += nr_of_packs();
+		} else {
 			snd_printdd("\n");
-			usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);
+			usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-
-static void usX2Y_hwdep_urb_release(struct urb **urb)
+static void usx2y_hwdep_urb_release(struct urb **urb)
 {
 	usb_kill_urb(*urb);
 	usb_free_urb(*urb);
@@ -260,49 +271,53 @@ static void usX2Y_hwdep_urb_release(struct urb **urb)
 /*
  * release a substream
  */
-static void usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_urbs_release() %i\n", subs->endpoint);
+
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_urbs_release() %i\n", subs->endpoint);
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++)
-		usX2Y_hwdep_urb_release(subs->urb + i);
+		usx2y_hwdep_urb_release(subs->urb + i);
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(struct usx2ydev *usx2y)
 {
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_complete);
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = NULL;
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_usbpcm_urb_complete);
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = NULL;
 }
 
-static void i_usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
+static void i_usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct urb *urb)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = urb->context;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *prepare_subs = usX2Y->prepare_subs;
-	if (NULL != prepare_subs &&
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = urb->context;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *prepare_subs = usx2y->prepare_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs2;
+
+	if (prepare_subs &&
 	    urb->start_frame == prepare_subs->urb[0]->start_frame) {
 		atomic_inc(&prepare_subs->state);
-		if (prepare_subs == usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]) {
-			struct snd_usX2Y_substream *cap_subs2 = usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
-			if (cap_subs2 != NULL)
+		if (prepare_subs == usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE]) {
+			cap_subs2 = usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
+			if (cap_subs2)
 				atomic_inc(&cap_subs2->state);
 		}
-		usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);
-		wake_up(&usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue);
+		usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);
+		wake_up(&usx2y->prepare_wait_queue);
 	}
 
-	i_usX2Y_usbpcm_urb_complete(urb);
+	i_usx2y_usbpcm_urb_complete(urb);
 }
 
 /*
  * initialize a substream's urbs
  */
-static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
 	int i;
 	unsigned int pipe;
-	int is_playback = subs == subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usX2Y->dev;
+	int is_playback = subs == subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+	struct usb_device *dev = subs->usx2y->dev;
+	struct urb **purb;
 
 	pipe = is_playback ? usb_sndisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint) :
 			usb_rcvisocpipe(dev, subs->endpoint);
@@ -312,28 +327,28 @@ static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 
 	/* allocate and initialize data urbs */
 	for (i = 0; i < NRURBS; i++) {
-		struct urb **purb = subs->urb + i;
+		purb = subs->urb + i;
 		if (*purb) {
 			usb_kill_urb(*purb);
 			continue;
 		}
 		*purb = usb_alloc_urb(nr_of_packs(), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (NULL == *purb) {
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
+		if (!*purb) {
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		(*purb)->transfer_buffer = is_playback ?
-			subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback : (
+			subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback : (
 				subs->endpoint == 0x8 ?
-				subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0x8 :
-				subs->usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0xA);
+				subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0x8 :
+				subs->usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture0xA);
 
 		(*purb)->dev = dev;
 		(*purb)->pipe = pipe;
 		(*purb)->number_of_packets = nr_of_packs();
 		(*purb)->context = subs;
 		(*purb)->interval = 1;
-		(*purb)->complete = i_usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup;
+		(*purb)->complete = i_usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -341,195 +356,216 @@ static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
 /*
  * free the buffer
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data,
-		*cap_subs2 = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
-	mutex_lock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_hw_free(%p)\n", substream);
-
-	if (SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK == substream->stream) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *cap_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
-		atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-		usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *playback_subs;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *cap_subs2;
+
+	mutex_lock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+	snd_printdd("%s(%p)\n", __func__, substream);
+
+	cap_subs2 = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE + 2];
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		cap_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+		atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+		usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
 		if (!cap_subs->pcm_substream ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime ||
 		    !cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status ||
 		    cap_subs->pcm_substream->runtime->status->state < SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
+			atomic_set(&cap_subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
 		}
 	} else {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *playback_subs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
-		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-			atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STOPPED);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, state_STOPPED);
-			usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
-			if (NULL != cap_subs2)
-				usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
+		playback_subs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+		if (atomic_read(&playback_subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+			atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				atomic_set(&cap_subs2->state, STATE_STOPPED);
+			usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(subs);
+			if (cap_subs2)
+				usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_release(cap_subs2);
 		}
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&subs->usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&subs->usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static void usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev * usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	usX2Y->prepare_subs = subs;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+
+	usx2y->prepare_subs = subs;
 	subs->urb[0]->start_frame = -1;
-	smp_wmb();	// Make sure above modifications are seen by i_usX2Y_subs_startup()
-	usX2Y_urbs_set_complete(usX2Y, i_usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup);
+	smp_wmb();	// Make sure above modifications are seen by i_usx2y_subs_startup()
+	usx2y_urbs_set_complete(usx2y, i_usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup);
 }
 
-static int usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_start(struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs)
+static int usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_start(struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs)
 {
-	int	p, u, err,
-		stream = subs->pcm_substream->stream;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-
-	if (SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE == stream) {
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head = -1;
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames = 0;
+	int	p, u, err, stream = subs->pcm_substream->stream;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct urb *urb;
+	unsigned long pack;
+
+	if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE) {
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_head = -1;
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames = 0;
 	}
 
 	for (p = 0; 3 >= (stream + p); p += 2) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[stream + p];
-		if (subs != NULL) {
-			if ((err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(subs)) < 0)
+		struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[stream + p];
+		if (subs) {
+			err = usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_allocate(subs);
+			if (err < 0)
 				return err;
 			subs->completed_urb = NULL;
 		}
 	}
 
 	for (p = 0; p < 4; p++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[p];
-		if (subs != NULL && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= state_PREPARED)
+		struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[p];
+
+		if (subs && atomic_read(&subs->state) >= STATE_PREPARED)
 			goto start;
 	}
 
  start:
-	usX2Y_usbpcm_subs_startup(subs);
+	usx2y_usbpcm_subs_startup(subs);
 	for (u = 0; u < NRURBS; u++) {
 		for (p = 0; 3 >= (stream + p); p += 2) {
-			struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = usX2Y->subs[stream + p];
-			if (subs != NULL) {
-				struct urb *urb = subs->urb[u];
-				if (usb_pipein(urb->pipe)) {
-					unsigned long pack;
-					if (0 == u)
-						atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING3);
-					urb->dev = usX2Y->dev;
-					for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
-						urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = subs->maxpacksize * (pack + u * nr_of_packs());
-						urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = subs->maxpacksize;
-					}
-					urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs(); 
-					if ((err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL)) < 0) {
-						snd_printk (KERN_ERR "cannot usb_submit_urb() for urb %d, err = %d\n", u, err);
-						err = -EPIPE;
-						goto cleanup;
-					}  else {
-						snd_printdd("%i\n", urb->start_frame);
-						if (u == 0)
-							usX2Y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
-					}
-					urb->transfer_flags = 0;
-				} else {
-					atomic_set(&subs->state, state_STARTING1);
-					break;
-				}			
+			struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = usx2y->subs[stream + p];
+
+			if (!subs)
+				continue;
+			urb = subs->urb[u];
+			if (usb_pipein(urb->pipe)) {
+				if (!u)
+					atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING3);
+				urb->dev = usx2y->dev;
+				for (pack = 0; pack < nr_of_packs(); pack++) {
+					urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].offset = subs->maxpacksize * (pack + u * nr_of_packs());
+					urb->iso_frame_desc[pack].length = subs->maxpacksize;
+				}
+				urb->transfer_buffer_length = subs->maxpacksize * nr_of_packs();
+				err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+				if (err < 0) {
+					snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot usb_submit_urb() for urb %d, err = %d\n", u, err);
+					err = -EPIPE;
+					goto cleanup;
+				}  else {
+					snd_printdd("%i\n", urb->start_frame);
+					if (!u)
+						usx2y->wait_iso_frame = urb->start_frame;
+				}
+				urb->transfer_flags = 0;
+			} else {
+				atomic_set(&subs->state, STATE_STARTING1);
+				break;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	err = 0;
-	wait_event(usX2Y->prepare_wait_queue, NULL == usX2Y->prepare_subs);
-	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != state_PREPARED)
+	wait_event(usx2y->prepare_wait_queue, !usx2y->prepare_subs);
+	if (atomic_read(&subs->state) != STATE_PREPARED)
 		err = -EPIPE;
-		
+
  cleanup:
 	if (err) {
-		usX2Y_subs_startup_finish(usX2Y);	// Call it now
-		usX2Y_clients_stop(usX2Y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything			
+		usx2y_subs_startup_finish(usx2y);	// Call it now
+		usx2y_clients_stop(usx2y);		// something is completely wroong > stop evrything
 	}
 	return err;
 }
 
+#define USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES	\
+	PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm))
+
 /*
  * prepare callback
  *
  * set format and initialize urbs
  */
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = subs->usX2Y;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *capsubs = subs->usX2Y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = subs->usx2y;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *capsubs = subs->usx2y->subs[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE];
 	int err = 0;
-	snd_printdd("snd_usX2Y_pcm_prepare(%p)\n", substream);
 
-	if (NULL == usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm = alloc_pages_exact(sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm),
+	snd_printdd("snd_usx2y_pcm_prepare(%p)\n", substream);
+
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
+
+	if (!usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm = alloc_pages_exact(USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES,
 							 GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-		memset(usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm, 0, sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm));
+		if (!usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto up_prepare_mutex;
+		}
+		memset(usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm, 0, USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES);
 	}
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
-	usX2Y_subs_prepare(subs);
-// Start hardware streams
-// SyncStream first....
-	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-		if (usX2Y->format != runtime->format)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_format_set(usX2Y, runtime->format)) < 0)
+	usx2y_subs_prepare(subs);
+	// Start hardware streams
+	// SyncStream first....
+	if (atomic_read(&capsubs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+		if (usx2y->format != runtime->format) {
+			err = usx2y_format_set(usx2y, runtime->format);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
-		if (usX2Y->rate != runtime->rate)
-			if ((err = usX2Y_rate_set(usX2Y, runtime->rate)) < 0)
+		}
+		if (usx2y->rate != runtime->rate) {
+			err = usx2y_rate_set(usx2y, runtime->rate);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
+		}
 		snd_printdd("starting capture pipe for %s\n", subs == capsubs ?
 			    "self" : "playpipe");
-		if (0 > (err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_start(capsubs)))
+		err = usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_start(capsubs);
+		if (err < 0)
 			goto up_prepare_mutex;
 	}
 
 	if (subs != capsubs) {
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback_iso_start = -1;
-		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) < state_PREPARED) {
-			while (usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y) >
-			       usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames) {
-				snd_printdd("Wait: iso_frames_per_buffer=%i,"
-					    "captured_iso_frames=%i\n",
-					    usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y),
-					    usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->playback_iso_start = -1;
+		if (atomic_read(&subs->state) < STATE_PREPARED) {
+			while (usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y) >
+			       usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames) {
+				snd_printdd("Wait: iso_frames_per_buffer=%i,captured_iso_frames=%i\n",
+					    usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y),
+					    usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
 				if (msleep_interruptible(10)) {
 					err = -ERESTARTSYS;
 					goto up_prepare_mutex;
 				}
-			} 
-			if (0 > (err = usX2Y_usbpcm_urbs_start(subs)))
+			}
+			err = usx2y_usbpcm_urbs_start(subs);
+			if (err < 0)
 				goto up_prepare_mutex;
 		}
 		snd_printdd("Ready: iso_frames_per_buffer=%i,captured_iso_frames=%i\n",
-			    usX2Y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usX2Y),
-			    usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
-	} else
-		usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = -1;
+			    usx2y_iso_frames_per_buffer(runtime, usx2y),
+			    usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->captured_iso_frames);
+	} else {
+		usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm->capture_iso_start = -1;
+	}
 
  up_prepare_mutex:
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y->pcm_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_4c =
-{
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usx2y_4c = {
 	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
@@ -547,55 +583,53 @@ static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_usX2Y_4c =
 	.fifo_size =              0
 };
 
-
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream	*subs = ((struct snd_usX2Y_substream **)
-					 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream	*subs =
+		((struct snd_usx2y_substream **)
+		 snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream))[substream->stream];
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime	*runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	if (!(subs->usX2Y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS))
+	if (!(subs->usx2y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	runtime->hw = SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK == substream->stream ? snd_usX2Y_2c :
-		(subs->usX2Y->subs[3] ? snd_usX2Y_4c : snd_usX2Y_2c);
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+		runtime->hw = snd_usx2y_2c;
+	else
+		runtime->hw = (subs->usx2y->subs[3] ? snd_usx2y_4c : snd_usx2y_2c);
 	runtime->private_data = subs;
 	subs->pcm_substream = substream;
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, 1000, 200000);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+static int snd_usx2y_usbpcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs = runtime->private_data;
 
 	subs->pcm_substream = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_ops =
-{
-	.open =		snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_open,
-	.close =	snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_close,
-	.hw_params =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_hw_params,
-	.hw_free =	snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_hw_free,
-	.prepare =	snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_prepare,
-	.trigger =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_trigger,
-	.pointer =	snd_usX2Y_pcm_pointer,
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_usx2y_usbpcm_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_usx2y_usbpcm_open,
+	.close =	snd_usx2y_usbpcm_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_usx2y_pcm_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_usx2y_usbpcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_usx2y_usbpcm_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_usx2y_pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_usx2y_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
-
-static int usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(struct snd_card *card)
+static int usx2y_pcms_busy_check(struct snd_card *card)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev	*dev = usX2Y(card);
+	struct usx2ydev	*dev = usx2y(card);
+	struct snd_usx2y_substream *subs;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < dev->pcm_devs * 2; i++) {
-		struct snd_usX2Y_substream *subs = dev->subs[i];
+		subs = dev->subs[i];
 		if (subs && subs->pcm_substream &&
 		    SUBSTREAM_BUSY(subs->pcm_substream))
 			return -EBUSY;
@@ -603,125 +637,120 @@ static int usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(struct snd_card *card)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_open(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_open(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card = hw->card;
 	int err;
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	err = usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(card);
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	err = usx2y_pcms_busy_check(card);
 	if (!err)
-		usX2Y(card)->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+		usx2y(card)->chip_status |= USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_release(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_release(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct snd_card *card = hw->card;
 	int err;
 
-	mutex_lock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
-	err = usX2Y_pcms_busy_check(card);
+	mutex_lock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+	err = usx2y_pcms_busy_check(card);
 	if (!err)
-		usX2Y(hw->card)->chip_status &= ~USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
-	mutex_unlock(&usX2Y(card)->pcm_mutex);
+		usx2y(hw->card)->chip_status &= ~USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_MMAP_PCM_URBS;
+	mutex_unlock(&usx2y(card)->pcm_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open(struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static void snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 }
 
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close(struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static void snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close(struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 }
 
-
-static vm_fault_t snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
+static vm_fault_t snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
 	unsigned long offset;
 	void *vaddr;
 
 	offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
-	vaddr = (char *)((struct usX2Ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->hwdep_pcm_shm + offset;
+	vaddr = (char *)((struct usx2ydev *)vmf->vma->vm_private_data)->hwdep_pcm_shm + offset;
 	vmf->page = virt_to_page(vaddr);
 	get_page(vmf->page);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops = {
-	.open = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open,
-	.close = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close,
-	.fault = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault,
+static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops = {
+	.open = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_open,
+	.close = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_close,
+	.fault = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_fault,
 };
 
-
-static int snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_mmap(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
+static int snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_mmap(struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *area)
 {
 	unsigned long	size = (unsigned long)(area->vm_end - area->vm_start);
-	struct usX2Ydev	*usX2Y = hw->private_data;
+	struct usx2ydev	*usx2y = hw->private_data;
 
-	if (!(usX2Y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
+	if (!(usx2y->chip_status & USX2Y_STAT_CHIP_INIT))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */ 
-	if (size > PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm))) {
-		snd_printd("%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm)); 
+	/* if userspace tries to mmap beyond end of our buffer, fail */
+	if (size > USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES) {
+		snd_printd("%lu > %lu\n", size, (unsigned long)USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	if (!usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm) {
+	if (!usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
 		return -ENODEV;
-	}
-	area->vm_ops = &snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops;
+
+	area->vm_ops = &snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_vm_ops;
 	area->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP;
 	area->vm_private_data = hw->private_data;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
-static void snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_private_free(struct snd_hwdep *hwdep)
+static void snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_private_free(struct snd_hwdep *hwdep)
 {
-	struct usX2Ydev *usX2Y = hwdep->private_data;
-	if (NULL != usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
-		free_pages_exact(usX2Y->hwdep_pcm_shm, sizeof(struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm));
-}
+	struct usx2ydev *usx2y = hwdep->private_data;
 
+	if (usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm)
+		free_pages_exact(usx2y->hwdep_pcm_shm, USX2Y_HWDEP_PCM_PAGES);
+}
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
+int usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	int err;
 	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
-	struct usb_device *dev = usX2Y(card)->dev;
-	if (1 != nr_of_packs())
+	struct usb_device *dev = usx2y(card)->dev;
+
+	if (nr_of_packs() != 1)
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_USBPCM_ID, 1, &hw)) < 0)
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(card, SND_USX2Y_USBPCM_ID, 1, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	hw->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_USX2Y_PCM;
-	hw->private_data = usX2Y(card);
-	hw->private_free = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_private_free;
-	hw->ops.open = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_open;
-	hw->ops.release = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_release;
-	hw->ops.mmap = snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_mmap;
+	hw->private_data = usx2y(card);
+	hw->private_free = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_private_free;
+	hw->ops.open = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_open;
+	hw->ops.release = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_release;
+	hw->ops.mmap = snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_mmap;
 	hw->exclusive = 1;
 	sprintf(hw->name, "/dev/bus/usb/%03d/%03d/hwdeppcm", dev->bus->busnum, dev->devnum);
 
 	err = snd_pcm_new(card, NAME_ALLCAPS" hwdep Audio", 2, 1, 1, &pcm);
-	if (err < 0) {
+	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	}
-	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_ops);
-	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usX2Y_usbpcm_ops);
 
-	pcm->private_data = usX2Y(card)->subs;
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_usx2y_usbpcm_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_usx2y_usbpcm_ops);
+
+	pcm->private_data = usx2y(card)->subs;
 	pcm->info_flags = 0;
 
 	sprintf(pcm->name, NAME_ALLCAPS" hwdep Audio");
@@ -739,7 +768,7 @@ int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
 
 #else
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
+int usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h
index eb5a46466f0e..731b1c5a3474 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #define MAXSTRIDE 3
 
 #define SSS (((MAXPACK*MAXBUFFERMS*MAXSTRIDE + 4096) / 4096) * 4096)
-struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm {
+struct snd_usx2y_hwdep_pcm_shm {
 	char playback[SSS];
 	char capture0x8[SSS];
 	char capture0xA[SSS];
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ struct snd_usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_shm {
 	int capture_iso_start;
 };
 
-int usX2Y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card);
+int usx2y_hwdep_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card);