vfs: Add configuration parser helpers

Because the new API passes in key,value parameters, match_token() cannot be
used with it.  Instead, provide three new helpers to aid with parsing:

 (1) fs_parse().  This takes a parameter and a simple static description of
     all the parameters and maps the key name to an ID.  It returns 1 on a
     match, 0 on no match if unknowns should be ignored and some other
     negative error code on a parse error.

     The parameter description includes a list of key names to IDs, desired
     parameter types and a list of enumeration name -> ID mappings.

     [!] Note that for the moment I've required that the key->ID mapping
     array is expected to be sorted and unterminated.  The size of the
     array is noted in the fsconfig_parser struct.  This allows me to use
     bsearch(), but I'm not sure any performance gain is worth the hassle
     of requiring people to keep the array sorted.

     The parameter type array is sized according to the number of parameter
     IDs and is indexed directly.  The optional enum mapping array is an
     unterminated, unsorted list and the size goes into the fsconfig_parser
     struct.

     The function can do some additional things:

	(a) If it's not ambiguous and no value is given, the prefix "no" on
	    a key name is permitted to indicate that the parameter should
	    be considered negatory.

	(b) If the desired type is a single simple integer, it will perform
	    an appropriate conversion and store the result in a union in
	    the parse result.

	(c) If the desired type is an enumeration, {key ID, name} will be
	    looked up in the enumeration list and the matching value will
	    be stored in the parse result union.

	(d) Optionally generate an error if the key is unrecognised.

     This is called something like:

	enum rdt_param {
		Opt_cdp,
		Opt_cdpl2,
		Opt_mba_mpbs,
		nr__rdt_params
	};

	const struct fs_parameter_spec rdt_param_specs[nr__rdt_params] = {
		[Opt_cdp]	= { fs_param_is_bool },
		[Opt_cdpl2]	= { fs_param_is_bool },
		[Opt_mba_mpbs]	= { fs_param_is_bool },
	};

	const const char *const rdt_param_keys[nr__rdt_params] = {
		[Opt_cdp]	= "cdp",
		[Opt_cdpl2]	= "cdpl2",
		[Opt_mba_mpbs]	= "mba_mbps",
	};

	const struct fs_parameter_description rdt_parser = {
		.name		= "rdt",
		.nr_params	= nr__rdt_params,
		.keys		= rdt_param_keys,
		.specs		= rdt_param_specs,
		.no_source	= true,
	};

	int rdt_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc,
			    struct fs_parameter *param)
	{
		struct fs_parse_result parse;
		struct rdt_fs_context *ctx = rdt_fc2context(fc);
		int ret;

		ret = fs_parse(fc, &rdt_parser, param, &parse);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;

		switch (parse.key) {
		case Opt_cdp:
			ctx->enable_cdpl3 = true;
			return 0;
		case Opt_cdpl2:
			ctx->enable_cdpl2 = true;
			return 0;
		case Opt_mba_mpbs:
			ctx->enable_mba_mbps = true;
			return 0;
		}

		return -EINVAL;
	}

 (2) fs_lookup_param().  This takes a { dirfd, path, LOOKUP_EMPTY? } or
     string value and performs an appropriate path lookup to convert it
     into a path object, which it will then return.

     If the desired type was a blockdev, the type of the looked up inode
     will be checked to make sure it is one.

     This can be used like:

	enum foo_param {
		Opt_source,
		nr__foo_params
	};

	const struct fs_parameter_spec foo_param_specs[nr__foo_params] = {
		[Opt_source]	= { fs_param_is_blockdev },
	};

	const char *char foo_param_keys[nr__foo_params] = {
		[Opt_source]	= "source",
	};

	const struct constant_table foo_param_alt_keys[] = {
		{ "device",	Opt_source },
	};

	const struct fs_parameter_description foo_parser = {
		.name		= "foo",
		.nr_params	= nr__foo_params,
		.nr_alt_keys	= ARRAY_SIZE(foo_param_alt_keys),
		.keys		= foo_param_keys,
		.alt_keys	= foo_param_alt_keys,
		.specs		= foo_param_specs,
	};

	int foo_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc,
			    struct fs_parameter *param)
	{
		struct fs_parse_result parse;
		struct foo_fs_context *ctx = foo_fc2context(fc);
		int ret;

		ret = fs_parse(fc, &foo_parser, param, &parse);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;

		switch (parse.key) {
		case Opt_source:
			return fs_lookup_param(fc, &foo_parser, param,
					       &parse, &ctx->source);
		default:
			return -EINVAL;
		}
	}

 (3) lookup_constant().  This takes a table of named constants and looks up
     the given name within it.  The table is expected to be sorted such
     that bsearch() be used upon it.

     Possibly I should require the table be terminated and just use a
     for-loop to scan it instead of using bsearch() to reduce hassle.

     Tables look something like:

	static const struct constant_table bool_names[] = {
		{ "0",		false },
		{ "1",		true },
		{ "false",	false },
		{ "no",		false },
		{ "true",	true },
		{ "yes",	true },
	};

     and a lookup is done with something like:

	b = lookup_constant(bool_names, param->string, -1);

Additionally, optional validation routines for the parameter description
are provided that can be enabled at compile time.  A later patch will
invoke these when a filesystem is registered.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

3 files changed, 181 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/errno.h b/include/linux/errno.h
index 3cba627577d6..d73f597a2484 100644
--- a/include/linux/errno.h
+++ b/include/linux/errno.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #define ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK 516 /* restart by calling sys_restart_syscall */
 #define EPROBE_DEFER	517	/* Driver requests probe retry */
 #define EOPENSTALE	518	/* open found a stale dentry */
+#define ENOPARAM	519	/* Parameter not supported */
 
 /* Defined for the NFSv3 protocol */
 #define EBADHANDLE	521	/* Illegal NFS file handle */
diff --git a/include/linux/fs_context.h b/include/linux/fs_context.h
index d208cc40b868..899027c94788 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs_context.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs_context.h
@@ -35,6 +35,35 @@ enum fs_context_purpose {
 };
 
 /*
+ * Type of parameter value.
+ */
+enum fs_value_type {
+	fs_value_is_undefined,
+	fs_value_is_flag,		/* Value not given a value */
+	fs_value_is_string,		/* Value is a string */
+	fs_value_is_blob,		/* Value is a binary blob */
+	fs_value_is_filename,		/* Value is a filename* + dirfd */
+	fs_value_is_filename_empty,	/* Value is a filename* + dirfd + AT_EMPTY_PATH */
+	fs_value_is_file,		/* Value is a file* */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Configuration parameter.
+ */
+struct fs_parameter {
+	const char		*key;		/* Parameter name */
+	enum fs_value_type	type:8;		/* The type of value here */
+	union {
+		char		*string;
+		void		*blob;
+		struct filename	*name;
+		struct file	*file;
+	};
+	size_t	size;
+	int	dirfd;
+};
+
+/*
  * Filesystem context for holding the parameters used in the creation or
  * reconfiguration of a superblock.
  *
diff --git a/include/linux/fs_parser.h b/include/linux/fs_parser.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d966f96ffe62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/fs_parser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/* Filesystem parameter description and parser
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
+ * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LINUX_FS_PARSER_H
+#define _LINUX_FS_PARSER_H
+
+#include <linux/fs_context.h>
+
+struct path;
+
+struct constant_table {
+	const char	*name;
+	int		value;
+};
+
+/*
+ * The type of parameter expected.
+ */
+enum fs_parameter_type {
+	__fs_param_wasnt_defined,
+	fs_param_is_flag,
+	fs_param_is_bool,
+	fs_param_is_u32,
+	fs_param_is_u32_octal,
+	fs_param_is_u32_hex,
+	fs_param_is_s32,
+	fs_param_is_u64,
+	fs_param_is_enum,
+	fs_param_is_string,
+	fs_param_is_blob,
+	fs_param_is_blockdev,
+	fs_param_is_path,
+	fs_param_is_fd,
+	nr__fs_parameter_type,
+};
+
+/*
+ * Specification of the type of value a parameter wants.
+ *
+ * Note that the fsparam_flag(), fsparam_string(), fsparam_u32(), ... macros
+ * should be used to generate elements of this type.
+ */
+struct fs_parameter_spec {
+	const char		*name;
+	u8			opt;	/* Option number (returned by fs_parse()) */
+	enum fs_parameter_type	type:8;	/* The desired parameter type */
+	unsigned short		flags;
+#define fs_param_v_optional	0x0001	/* The value is optional */
+#define fs_param_neg_with_no	0x0002	/* "noxxx" is negative param */
+#define fs_param_neg_with_empty	0x0004	/* "xxx=" is negative param */
+#define fs_param_deprecated	0x0008	/* The param is deprecated */
+};
+
+struct fs_parameter_enum {
+	u8		opt;		/* Option number (as fs_parameter_spec::opt) */
+	char		name[14];
+	u8		value;
+};
+
+struct fs_parameter_description {
+	const char	name[16];		/* Name for logging purposes */
+	const struct fs_parameter_spec *specs;	/* List of param specifications */
+	const struct fs_parameter_enum *enums;	/* Enum values */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Result of parse.
+ */
+struct fs_parse_result {
+	bool			negated;	/* T if param was "noxxx" */
+	bool			has_value;	/* T if value supplied to param */
+	union {
+		bool		boolean;	/* For spec_bool */
+		int		int_32;		/* For spec_s32/spec_enum */
+		unsigned int	uint_32;	/* For spec_u32{,_octal,_hex}/spec_enum */
+		u64		uint_64;	/* For spec_u64 */
+	};
+};
+
+extern int fs_parse(struct fs_context *fc,
+		    const struct fs_parameter_description *desc,
+		    struct fs_parameter *value,
+		    struct fs_parse_result *result);
+extern int fs_lookup_param(struct fs_context *fc,
+			   struct fs_parameter *param,
+			   bool want_bdev,
+			   struct path *_path);
+
+extern int __lookup_constant(const struct constant_table tbl[], size_t tbl_size,
+			     const char *name, int not_found);
+#define lookup_constant(t, n, nf) __lookup_constant(t, ARRAY_SIZE(t), (n), (nf))
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_VALIDATE_FS_PARSER
+extern bool validate_constant_table(const struct constant_table *tbl, size_t tbl_size,
+				    int low, int high, int special);
+extern bool fs_validate_description(const struct fs_parameter_description *desc);
+#else
+static inline bool validate_constant_table(const struct constant_table *tbl, size_t tbl_size,
+					   int low, int high, int special)
+{ return true; }
+static inline bool fs_validate_description(const struct fs_parameter_description *desc)
+{ return true; }
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Parameter type, name, index and flags element constructors.  Use as:
+ *
+ *  fsparam_xxxx("foo", Opt_foo)
+ *
+ * If existing helpers are not enough, direct use of __fsparam() would
+ * work, but any such case is probably a sign that new helper is needed.
+ * Helpers will remain stable; low-level implementation may change.
+ */
+#define __fsparam(TYPE, NAME, OPT, FLAGS) \
+	{ \
+		.name = NAME, \
+		.opt = OPT, \
+		.type = TYPE, \
+		.flags = FLAGS \
+	}
+
+#define fsparam_flag(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_flag, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_flag_no(NAME, OPT) \
+				__fsparam(fs_param_is_flag, NAME, OPT, \
+					    fs_param_neg_with_no)
+#define fsparam_bool(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_bool, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_u32(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_u32, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_u32oct(NAME, OPT) \
+				__fsparam(fs_param_is_u32_octal, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_u32hex(NAME, OPT) \
+				__fsparam(fs_param_is_u32_hex, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_s32(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_s32, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_u64(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_u64, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_enum(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_enum, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_string(NAME, OPT) \
+				__fsparam(fs_param_is_string, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_blob(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_blob, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_bdev(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_blockdev, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_path(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_path, NAME, OPT, 0)
+#define fsparam_fd(NAME, OPT)	__fsparam(fs_param_is_fd, NAME, OPT, 0)
+
+
+#endif /* _LINUX_FS_PARSER_H */