diff options
author | Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org> | 2019-04-14 15:51:10 -0300 |
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committer | Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org> | 2019-07-15 09:20:24 -0300 |
commit | dc7a12bdfccd94c31f79e294f16f7549bd411b49 (patch) | |
tree | 81da5ca148347b94c4539234f50d4bca6465e2f8 /Documentation/arm/kernel_mode_neon.txt | |
parent | 0d07cf5e53a21e35289adc3ab99b6804ff0c3833 (diff) |
docs: arm: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst
Converts ARM the text files to ReST, preparing them to be an
architecture book.
The conversion is actually:
- add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs;
- fix tables markups;
- add some lists markups;
- mark literal blocks;
- adjust title markups.
At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to
the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by Corentin Labbe <clabbe.montjoie@gmail.com> # For sun4i-ss
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/arm/kernel_mode_neon.txt')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/arm/kernel_mode_neon.txt | 121 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 121 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/arm/kernel_mode_neon.txt b/Documentation/arm/kernel_mode_neon.txt deleted file mode 100644 index b9e060c5b61e..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/arm/kernel_mode_neon.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,121 +0,0 @@ -Kernel mode NEON -================ - -TL;DR summary -------------- -* Use only NEON instructions, or VFP instructions that don't rely on support - code -* Isolate your NEON code in a separate compilation unit, and compile it with - '-march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon -mfloat-abi=softfp' -* Put kernel_neon_begin() and kernel_neon_end() calls around the calls into your - NEON code -* Don't sleep in your NEON code, and be aware that it will be executed with - preemption disabled - - -Introduction ------------- -It is possible to use NEON instructions (and in some cases, VFP instructions) in -code that runs in kernel mode. However, for performance reasons, the NEON/VFP -register file is not preserved and restored at every context switch or taken -exception like the normal register file is, so some manual intervention is -required. Furthermore, special care is required for code that may sleep [i.e., -may call schedule()], as NEON or VFP instructions will be executed in a -non-preemptible section for reasons outlined below. - - -Lazy preserve and restore -------------------------- -The NEON/VFP register file is managed using lazy preserve (on UP systems) and -lazy restore (on both SMP and UP systems). This means that the register file is -kept 'live', and is only preserved and restored when multiple tasks are -contending for the NEON/VFP unit (or, in the SMP case, when a task migrates to -another core). Lazy restore is implemented by disabling the NEON/VFP unit after -every context switch, resulting in a trap when subsequently a NEON/VFP -instruction is issued, allowing the kernel to step in and perform the restore if -necessary. - -Any use of the NEON/VFP unit in kernel mode should not interfere with this, so -it is required to do an 'eager' preserve of the NEON/VFP register file, and -enable the NEON/VFP unit explicitly so no exceptions are generated on first -subsequent use. This is handled by the function kernel_neon_begin(), which -should be called before any kernel mode NEON or VFP instructions are issued. -Likewise, the NEON/VFP unit should be disabled again after use to make sure user -mode will hit the lazy restore trap upon next use. This is handled by the -function kernel_neon_end(). - - -Interruptions in kernel mode ----------------------------- -For reasons of performance and simplicity, it was decided that there shall be no -preserve/restore mechanism for the kernel mode NEON/VFP register contents. This -implies that interruptions of a kernel mode NEON section can only be allowed if -they are guaranteed not to touch the NEON/VFP registers. For this reason, the -following rules and restrictions apply in the kernel: -* NEON/VFP code is not allowed in interrupt context; -* NEON/VFP code is not allowed to sleep; -* NEON/VFP code is executed with preemption disabled. - -If latency is a concern, it is possible to put back to back calls to -kernel_neon_end() and kernel_neon_begin() in places in your code where none of -the NEON registers are live. (Additional calls to kernel_neon_begin() should be -reasonably cheap if no context switch occurred in the meantime) - - -VFP and support code --------------------- -Earlier versions of VFP (prior to version 3) rely on software support for things -like IEEE-754 compliant underflow handling etc. When the VFP unit needs such -software assistance, it signals the kernel by raising an undefined instruction -exception. The kernel responds by inspecting the VFP control registers and the -current instruction and arguments, and emulates the instruction in software. - -Such software assistance is currently not implemented for VFP instructions -executed in kernel mode. If such a condition is encountered, the kernel will -fail and generate an OOPS. - - -Separating NEON code from ordinary code ---------------------------------------- -The compiler is not aware of the special significance of kernel_neon_begin() and -kernel_neon_end(), i.e., that it is only allowed to issue NEON/VFP instructions -between calls to these respective functions. Furthermore, GCC may generate NEON -instructions of its own at -O3 level if -mfpu=neon is selected, and even if the -kernel is currently compiled at -O2, future changes may result in NEON/VFP -instructions appearing in unexpected places if no special care is taken. - -Therefore, the recommended and only supported way of using NEON/VFP in the -kernel is by adhering to the following rules: -* isolate the NEON code in a separate compilation unit and compile it with - '-march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon -mfloat-abi=softfp'; -* issue the calls to kernel_neon_begin(), kernel_neon_end() as well as the calls - into the unit containing the NEON code from a compilation unit which is *not* - built with the GCC flag '-mfpu=neon' set. - -As the kernel is compiled with '-msoft-float', the above will guarantee that -both NEON and VFP instructions will only ever appear in designated compilation -units at any optimization level. - - -NEON assembler --------------- -NEON assembler is supported with no additional caveats as long as the rules -above are followed. - - -NEON code generated by GCC --------------------------- -The GCC option -ftree-vectorize (implied by -O3) tries to exploit implicit -parallelism, and generates NEON code from ordinary C source code. This is fully -supported as long as the rules above are followed. - - -NEON intrinsics ---------------- -NEON intrinsics are also supported. However, as code using NEON intrinsics -relies on the GCC header <arm_neon.h>, (which #includes <stdint.h>), you should -observe the following in addition to the rules above: -* Compile the unit containing the NEON intrinsics with '-ffreestanding' so GCC - uses its builtin version of <stdint.h> (this is a C99 header which the kernel - does not supply); -* Include <arm_neon.h> last, or at least after <linux/types.h> |