pcm/Convert: migrate from class Error to C++ exceptions

24 files changed, 180 insertions, 284 deletions

diff --git a/src/Main.cxx b/src/Main.cxx
index cb93a4c13..5838eeeae 100644
--- a/src/Main.cxx
+++ b/src/Main.cxx
@@ -520,10 +520,7 @@ try {
 	archive_plugin_init_all();
 #endif
 
-	if (!pcm_convert_global_init(error)) {
-		LogError(error);
-		return EXIT_FAILURE;
-	}
+	pcm_convert_global_init();
 
 	decoder_plugin_init_all();
 
diff --git a/src/decoder/DecoderAPI.cxx b/src/decoder/DecoderAPI.cxx
index 87bbd0b13..cfcb44766 100644
--- a/src/decoder/DecoderAPI.cxx
+++ b/src/decoder/DecoderAPI.cxx
@@ -73,11 +73,12 @@ decoder_initialized(Decoder &decoder,
 
 		decoder.convert = new PcmConvert();
 
-		Error error;
-		if (!decoder.convert->Open(dc.in_audio_format,
-					   dc.out_audio_format,
-					   error))
-			decoder.error = std::make_exception_ptr(std::move(error));
+		try {
+			decoder.convert->Open(dc.in_audio_format,
+					      dc.out_audio_format);
+		} catch (...) {
+			decoder.error = std::current_exception();
+		}
 	}
 
 	const ScopeLock protect(dc.mutex);
@@ -484,19 +485,17 @@ decoder_data(Decoder &decoder,
 	if (decoder.convert != nullptr) {
 		assert(dc.in_audio_format != dc.out_audio_format);
 
-		Error error;
-		auto result = decoder.convert->Convert({data, length},
-						       error);
-		if (data == nullptr) {
+		try {
+			auto result = decoder.convert->Convert({data, length});
+			data = result.data;
+			length = result.size;
+		} catch (const std::runtime_error &e) {
 			/* the PCM conversion has failed - stop
 			   playback, since we have no better way to
 			   bail out */
-			LogError(error);
+			LogError(e);
 			return DecoderCommand::STOP;
 		}
-
-		data = result.data;
-		length = result.size;
 	} else {
 		assert(dc.in_audio_format == dc.out_audio_format);
 	}
diff --git a/src/filter/plugins/ConvertFilterPlugin.cxx b/src/filter/plugins/ConvertFilterPlugin.cxx
index f4dc37d73..55224de78 100644
--- a/src/filter/plugins/ConvertFilterPlugin.cxx
+++ b/src/filter/plugins/ConvertFilterPlugin.cxx
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include "pcm/PcmConvert.hxx"
 #include "util/Manual.hxx"
 #include "util/ConstBuffer.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
 #include "AudioFormat.hxx"
 #include "poison.h"
 
@@ -88,9 +87,7 @@ ConvertFilter::Set(const AudioFormat &_out_audio_format)
 		/* optimized special case: no-op */
 		return;
 
-	Error error;
-	if (!state.Open(in_audio_format, _out_audio_format, error))
-		throw std::runtime_error(error.GetMessage());
+	state.Open(in_audio_format, _out_audio_format);
 
 	out_audio_format = _out_audio_format;
 }
@@ -125,12 +122,7 @@ ConvertFilter::FilterPCM(ConstBuffer<void> src)
 		/* optimized special case: no-op */
 		return src;
 
-	Error error;
-	auto result = state.Convert(src, error);
-	if (result.IsNull())
-		throw std::runtime_error(error.GetMessage());
-
-	return result;
+	return state.Convert(src);
 }
 
 const struct filter_plugin convert_filter_plugin = {
diff --git a/src/filter/plugins/ReplayGainFilterPlugin.cxx b/src/filter/plugins/ReplayGainFilterPlugin.cxx
index b6c212c46..4e62d93c2 100644
--- a/src/filter/plugins/ReplayGainFilterPlugin.cxx
+++ b/src/filter/plugins/ReplayGainFilterPlugin.cxx
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ public:
 		 mixer(_mixer), base(_base), mode(REPLAY_GAIN_OFF) {
 		info.Clear();
 
-		Error error;
-		if (!pv.Open(out_audio_format.format, error))
-			throw std::runtime_error(error.GetMessage());
+		pv.Open(out_audio_format.format);
 	}
 
 	void SetInfo(const ReplayGainInfo *_info) {
diff --git a/src/filter/plugins/VolumeFilterPlugin.cxx b/src/filter/plugins/VolumeFilterPlugin.cxx
index 5ed86d222..64959916f 100644
--- a/src/filter/plugins/VolumeFilterPlugin.cxx
+++ b/src/filter/plugins/VolumeFilterPlugin.cxx
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include "pcm/Volume.hxx"
 #include "AudioFormat.hxx"
 #include "util/ConstBuffer.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
 
 #include <stdexcept>
 
@@ -35,9 +34,7 @@ class VolumeFilter final : public Filter {
 public:
 	explicit VolumeFilter(const AudioFormat &audio_format)
 		:Filter(audio_format) {
-		Error error;
-		if (!pv.Open(out_audio_format.format, error))
-			throw std::runtime_error(error.GetMessage());
+		pv.Open(out_audio_format.format);
 	}
 
 	unsigned GetVolume() const {
diff --git a/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.cxx b/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.cxx
index ec0024581..cd6184f76 100644
--- a/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.cxx
@@ -22,14 +22,13 @@
 #include "PcmChannels.hxx"
 #include "Domain.hxx"
 #include "util/ConstBuffer.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
+#include "util/RuntimeError.hxx"
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
-bool
+void
 PcmChannelsConverter::Open(SampleFormat _format,
-			   unsigned _src_channels, unsigned _dest_channels,
-			   gcc_unused Error &error)
+			   unsigned _src_channels, unsigned _dest_channels)
 {
 	assert(_format != SampleFormat::UNDEFINED);
 
@@ -41,16 +40,13 @@ PcmChannelsConverter::Open(SampleFormat _format,
 		break;
 
 	default:
-		error.Format(pcm_domain,
-			     "PCM channel conversion for %s is not implemented",
-			     sample_format_to_string(_format));
-		return false;
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("PCM channel conversion for %s is not implemented",
+					 sample_format_to_string(_format));
 	}
 
 	format = _format;
 	src_channels = _src_channels;
 	dest_channels = _dest_channels;
-	return true;
 }
 
 void
@@ -62,7 +58,7 @@ PcmChannelsConverter::Close()
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
-PcmChannelsConverter::Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src, gcc_unused Error &error)
+PcmChannelsConverter::Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src)
 {
 	switch (format) {
 	case SampleFormat::UNDEFINED:
diff --git a/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.hxx b/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.hxx
index ce893a20f..8ad3ac5ee 100644
--- a/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/ChannelsConverter.hxx
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #endif
 
-class Error;
 template<typename T> struct ConstBuffer;
 
 /**
@@ -53,15 +52,14 @@ public:
 	/**
 	 * Opens the object, prepare for Convert().
 	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
+	 *
 	 * @param format the sample format
 	 * @param src_channels the number of source channels
 	 * @param dest_channels the number of destination channels
-	 * @param error location to store the error
-	 * @return true on success
 	 */
-	bool Open(SampleFormat format,
-		  unsigned src_channels, unsigned dest_channels,
-		  Error &error);
+	void Open(SampleFormat format,
+		  unsigned src_channels, unsigned dest_channels);
 
 	/**
 	 * Closes the object.  After that, you may call Open() again.
@@ -71,13 +69,13 @@ public:
 	/**
 	 * Convert a block of PCM data.
 	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
+	 *
 	 * @param src the input buffer
-	 * @param error location to store the error
-	 * @return the destination buffer on success,
-	 * ConstBuffer::Null() on error
+	 * @return the destination buffer
 	 */
 	gcc_pure
-	ConstBuffer<void> Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error);
+	ConstBuffer<void> Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.cxx b/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.cxx
index 382eaf258..f66bf8a3f 100644
--- a/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.cxx
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #include "config/ConfigError.hxx"
 #include "config/Block.hxx"
 #include "config/Param.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
+#include "util/RuntimeError.hxx"
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_LIBSAMPLERATE
 #include "LibsamplerateResampler.hxx"
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ MigrateResamplerConfig(const config_param *param, ConfigBlock &buffer)
 }
 
 static const ConfigBlock *
-GetResamplerConfig(ConfigBlock &buffer, Error &error)
+GetResamplerConfig(ConfigBlock &buffer)
 {
 	const auto *old_param =
 		config_get_param(ConfigOption::SAMPLERATE_CONVERTER);
@@ -120,49 +120,39 @@ GetResamplerConfig(ConfigBlock &buffer, Error &error)
 	if (block == nullptr)
 		return MigrateResamplerConfig(old_param, buffer);
 
-	if (old_param != nullptr) {
-		error.Format(config_domain,
-			     "Cannot use both 'resampler' (line %d) and 'samplerate_converter' (line %d)",
-			     block->line, old_param->line);
-		return nullptr;
-	}
+	if (old_param != nullptr)
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("Cannot use both 'resampler' (line %d) and 'samplerate_converter' (line %d)",
+					 block->line, old_param->line);
 
 	return block;
 }
 
-bool
-pcm_resampler_global_init(Error &error)
+void
+pcm_resampler_global_init()
 {
 	ConfigBlock buffer;
-	const auto *block = GetResamplerConfig(buffer, error);
-	if (block == nullptr)
-		return false;
+	const auto *block = GetResamplerConfig(buffer);
 
 	const char *plugin_name = block->GetBlockValue("plugin");
-	if (plugin_name == nullptr) {
-		error.Format(config_domain,
-			     "'plugin' missing in line %d", block->line);
-		return false;
-	}
+	if (plugin_name == nullptr)
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("'plugin' missing in line %d",
+					 block->line);
 
 	if (strcmp(plugin_name, "internal") == 0) {
 		selected_resampler = SelectedResampler::FALLBACK;
-		return true;
 #ifdef ENABLE_SOXR
 	} else if (strcmp(plugin_name, "soxr") == 0) {
 		selected_resampler = SelectedResampler::SOXR;
-		return pcm_resample_soxr_global_init(*block, error);
+		pcm_resample_soxr_global_init(*block);
 #endif
 #ifdef ENABLE_LIBSAMPLERATE
 	} else if (strcmp(plugin_name, "libsamplerate") == 0) {
 		selected_resampler = SelectedResampler::LIBSAMPLERATE;
-		return pcm_resample_lsr_global_init(*block, error);
+		pcm_resample_lsr_global_init(*block);
 #endif
 	} else {
-		error.Format(config_domain,
-			     "No such resampler plugin: %s",
-			     plugin_name);
-		return false;
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("No such resampler plugin: %s",
+					 plugin_name);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.hxx b/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.hxx
index b871f1caf..1279faa57 100644
--- a/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/ConfiguredResampler.hxx
@@ -22,11 +22,10 @@
 
 #include "check.h"
 
-class Error;
 class PcmResampler;
 
-bool
-pcm_resampler_global_init(Error &error);
+void
+pcm_resampler_global_init();
 
 /**
  * Create a #PcmResampler instance from the implementation class
diff --git a/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.cxx b/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.cxx
index 61bdc1ed9..e57073d88 100644
--- a/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.cxx
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 
 AudioFormat
-FallbackPcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-			   gcc_unused Error &error)
+FallbackPcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate)
 {
 	assert(af.IsValid());
 	assert(audio_valid_sample_rate(new_sample_rate));
@@ -116,7 +115,7 @@ pcm_resample_fallback_void(PcmBuffer &buffer,
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
-FallbackPcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src, gcc_unused Error &error)
+FallbackPcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src)
 {
 	switch (format.format) {
 	case SampleFormat::UNDEFINED:
diff --git a/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.hxx b/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.hxx
index 04944b301..c70494b4e 100644
--- a/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/FallbackResampler.hxx
@@ -36,11 +36,9 @@ class FallbackPcmResampler final : public PcmResampler {
 	PcmBuffer buffer;
 
 public:
-	virtual AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-				 Error &error) override;
-	virtual void Close() override;
-	virtual ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src,
-					   Error &error) override;
+	AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate) override;
+	void Close() override;
+	ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src) override;
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/FormatConverter.cxx b/src/pcm/FormatConverter.cxx
index ae52ec7c2..d51b9397c 100644
--- a/src/pcm/FormatConverter.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/FormatConverter.cxx
@@ -20,15 +20,13 @@
 #include "config.h"
 #include "FormatConverter.hxx"
 #include "PcmFormat.hxx"
-#include "Domain.hxx"
 #include "util/ConstBuffer.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
+#include "util/RuntimeError.hxx"
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
-bool
-PcmFormatConverter::Open(SampleFormat _src_format, SampleFormat _dest_format,
-			 Error &error)
+void
+PcmFormatConverter::Open(SampleFormat _src_format, SampleFormat _dest_format)
 {
 	assert(_src_format != SampleFormat::UNDEFINED);
 	assert(_dest_format != SampleFormat::UNDEFINED);
@@ -40,11 +38,9 @@ PcmFormatConverter::Open(SampleFormat _src_format, SampleFormat _dest_format,
 
 	case SampleFormat::S8:
 	case SampleFormat::DSD:
-		error.Format(pcm_domain,
-			     "PCM conversion from %s to %s is not implemented",
-			     sample_format_to_string(_src_format),
-			     sample_format_to_string(_dest_format));
-		return false;
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("PCM conversion from %s to %s is not implemented",
+					 sample_format_to_string(_src_format),
+					 sample_format_to_string(_dest_format));
 
 	case SampleFormat::S16:
 	case SampleFormat::S24_P32:
@@ -55,7 +51,6 @@ PcmFormatConverter::Open(SampleFormat _src_format, SampleFormat _dest_format,
 
 	src_format = _src_format;
 	dest_format = _dest_format;
-	return true;
 }
 
 void
@@ -68,7 +63,7 @@ PcmFormatConverter::Close()
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
-PcmFormatConverter::Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src, gcc_unused Error &error)
+PcmFormatConverter::Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src)
 {
 	switch (dest_format) {
 	case SampleFormat::UNDEFINED:
diff --git a/src/pcm/FormatConverter.hxx b/src/pcm/FormatConverter.hxx
index d7368e7e1..a9cd42a0e 100644
--- a/src/pcm/FormatConverter.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/FormatConverter.hxx
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #endif
 
-class Error;
 template<typename T> struct ConstBuffer;
 
 /**
@@ -56,13 +55,12 @@ public:
 	/**
 	 * Opens the object, prepare for Convert().
 	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
+	 *
 	 * @param src_format the sample format of incoming data
 	 * @param dest_format the sample format of outgoing data
-	 * @param error location to store the error
-	 * @return true on success
 	 */
-	bool Open(SampleFormat src_format, SampleFormat dest_format,
-		  Error &error);
+	void Open(SampleFormat src_format, SampleFormat dest_format);
 
 	/**
 	 * Closes the object.  After that, you may call Open() again.
@@ -72,13 +70,13 @@ public:
 	/**
 	 * Convert a block of PCM data.
 	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
+	 *
 	 * @param src the input buffer
-	 * @param error location to store the error
-	 * @return the destination buffer on success,
-	 * ConstBuffer::Null() on error
+	 * @return the destination buffer
 	 */
 	gcc_pure
-	ConstBuffer<void> Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error);
+	ConstBuffer<void> Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/GlueResampler.cxx b/src/pcm/GlueResampler.cxx
index 37b12584a..bf8f995eb 100644
--- a/src/pcm/GlueResampler.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/GlueResampler.cxx
@@ -32,33 +32,28 @@ GluePcmResampler::~GluePcmResampler()
 	delete resampler;
 }
 
-bool
-GluePcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat src_format, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-		       Error &error)
+void
+GluePcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat src_format, unsigned new_sample_rate)
 {
 	assert(src_format.IsValid());
 	assert(audio_valid_sample_rate(new_sample_rate));
 
 	AudioFormat requested_format = src_format;
 	AudioFormat dest_format = resampler->Open(requested_format,
-						  new_sample_rate,
-						  error);
-	if (!dest_format.IsValid())
-		return false;
+						  new_sample_rate);
+	assert(dest_format.IsValid());
 
 	assert(requested_format.channels == src_format.channels);
 	assert(dest_format.channels == src_format.channels);
 	assert(dest_format.sample_rate == new_sample_rate);
 
-	if (requested_format.format != src_format.format &&
-	    !format_converter.Open(src_format.format, requested_format.format,
-				   error))
-		return false;
+	if (requested_format.format != src_format.format)
+		format_converter.Open(src_format.format,
+				      requested_format.format);
 
 	src_sample_format = src_format.format;
 	requested_sample_format = requested_format.format;
 	output_sample_format = dest_format.format;
-	return true;
 }
 
 void
@@ -71,15 +66,12 @@ GluePcmResampler::Close()
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
-GluePcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error)
+GluePcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src)
 {
 	assert(!src.IsNull());
 
-	if (requested_sample_format != src_sample_format) {
-		src = format_converter.Convert(src, error);
-		if (src.IsNull())
-			return nullptr;
-	}
+	if (requested_sample_format != src_sample_format)
+		src = format_converter.Convert(src);
 
-	return resampler->Resample(src, error);
+	return resampler->Resample(src);
 }
diff --git a/src/pcm/GlueResampler.hxx b/src/pcm/GlueResampler.hxx
index e2107e478..da0d81e49 100644
--- a/src/pcm/GlueResampler.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/GlueResampler.hxx
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "AudioFormat.hxx"
 #include "FormatConverter.hxx"
 
-class Error;
 class PcmResampler;
 template<typename T> struct ConstBuffer;
 
@@ -49,15 +48,14 @@ public:
 	GluePcmResampler();
 	~GluePcmResampler();
 
-	bool Open(AudioFormat src_format, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-		  Error &error);
+	void Open(AudioFormat src_format, unsigned new_sample_rate);
 	void Close();
 
 	SampleFormat GetOutputSampleFormat() const {
 		return output_sample_format;
 	}
 
-	ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error);
+	ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.cxx b/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.cxx
index b660cb995..7c0637635 100644
--- a/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.cxx
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include "LibsamplerateResampler.hxx"
 #include "config/Block.hxx"
 #include "util/ASCII.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
+#include "util/RuntimeError.hxx"
 #include "util/Domain.hxx"
 #include "Log.hxx"
 
@@ -63,26 +63,21 @@ lsr_parse_converter(const char *s)
 	return false;
 }
 
-bool
-pcm_resample_lsr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error)
+void
+pcm_resample_lsr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block)
 {
 	const char *converter = block.GetBlockValue("type", "2");
-	if (!lsr_parse_converter(converter)) {
-		error.Format(libsamplerate_domain,
-			     "unknown samplerate converter '%s'", converter);
-		return false;
-	}
+	if (!lsr_parse_converter(converter))
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("unknown samplerate converter '%s'",
+					 converter);
 
 	FormatDebug(libsamplerate_domain,
 		    "libsamplerate converter '%s'",
 		    src_get_name(lsr_converter));
-
-	return true;
 }
 
 AudioFormat
-LibsampleratePcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-				Error &error)
+LibsampleratePcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate)
 {
 	assert(af.IsValid());
 	assert(audio_valid_sample_rate(new_sample_rate));
@@ -96,12 +91,9 @@ LibsampleratePcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
 
 	int src_error;
 	state = src_new(lsr_converter, channels, &src_error);
-	if (!state) {
-		error.Format(libsamplerate_domain, src_error,
-			     "libsamplerate initialization has failed: %s",
-			     src_strerror(src_error));
-		return AudioFormat::Undefined();
-	}
+	if (!state)
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("libsamplerate initialization has failed: %s",
+					 src_strerror(src_error));
 
 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
 
@@ -122,22 +114,8 @@ LibsampleratePcmResampler::Close()
 	state = src_delete(state);
 }
 
-static bool
-src_process(SRC_STATE *state, SRC_DATA *data, Error &error)
-{
-	int result = src_process(state, data);
-	if (result != 0) {
-		error.Format(libsamplerate_domain, result,
-			     "libsamplerate has failed: %s",
-			     src_strerror(result));
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	return true;
-}
-
 inline ConstBuffer<float>
-LibsampleratePcmResampler::Resample2(ConstBuffer<float> src, Error &error)
+LibsampleratePcmResampler::Resample2(ConstBuffer<float> src)
 {
 	assert(src.size % channels == 0);
 
@@ -151,15 +129,17 @@ LibsampleratePcmResampler::Resample2(ConstBuffer<float> src, Error &error)
 	data.input_frames = src_frames;
 	data.output_frames = dest_frames;
 
-	if (!src_process(state, &data, error))
-		return nullptr;
+	int result = src_process(state, &data);
+	if (result != 0)
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("libsamplerate has failed: %s",
+					 src_strerror(result));
 
 	return ConstBuffer<float>(data.data_out,
 				  data.output_frames_gen * channels);
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
-LibsampleratePcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error)
+LibsampleratePcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src)
 {
-	return Resample2(ConstBuffer<float>::FromVoid(src), error).ToVoid();
+	return Resample2(ConstBuffer<float>::FromVoid(src)).ToVoid();
 }
diff --git a/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.hxx b/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.hxx
index 8161219c2..3c4c9bcd8 100644
--- a/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/LibsamplerateResampler.hxx
@@ -42,17 +42,15 @@ class LibsampleratePcmResampler final : public PcmResampler {
 	PcmBuffer buffer;
 
 public:
-	virtual AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-				 Error &error) override;
-	virtual void Close() override;
-	virtual ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src,
-					   Error &error) override;
+	AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate) override;
+	void Close() override;
+	ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src) override;
 
 private:
-	ConstBuffer<float> Resample2(ConstBuffer<float> src, Error &error);
+	ConstBuffer<float> Resample2(ConstBuffer<float> src);
 };
 
-bool
-pcm_resample_lsr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error);
+void
+pcm_resample_lsr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/PcmConvert.cxx b/src/pcm/PcmConvert.cxx
index 81bec1c75..2470583c8 100644
--- a/src/pcm/PcmConvert.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/PcmConvert.cxx
@@ -22,15 +22,14 @@
 #include "Domain.hxx"
 #include "ConfiguredResampler.hxx"
 #include "AudioFormat.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
 #include "util/ConstBuffer.hxx"
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
-bool
-pcm_convert_global_init(Error &error)
+void
+pcm_convert_global_init()
 {
-	return pcm_resampler_global_init(error);
+	pcm_resampler_global_init();
 }
 
 PcmConvert::PcmConvert()
@@ -47,9 +46,8 @@ PcmConvert::~PcmConvert()
 	assert(!dest_format.IsValid());
 }
 
-bool
-PcmConvert::Open(const AudioFormat _src_format, const AudioFormat _dest_format,
-		 Error &error)
+void
+PcmConvert::Open(const AudioFormat _src_format, const AudioFormat _dest_format)
 {
 	assert(!src_format.IsValid());
 	assert(!dest_format.IsValid());
@@ -62,39 +60,42 @@ PcmConvert::Open(const AudioFormat _src_format, const AudioFormat _dest_format,
 
 	enable_resampler = format.sample_rate != _dest_format.sample_rate;
 	if (enable_resampler) {
-		if (!resampler.Open(format, _dest_format.sample_rate, error))
-			return false;
+		resampler.Open(format, _dest_format.sample_rate);
 
 		format.format = resampler.GetOutputSampleFormat();
 		format.sample_rate = _dest_format.sample_rate;
 	}
 
 	enable_format = format.format != _dest_format.format;
-	if (enable_format &&
-	    !format_converter.Open(format.format, _dest_format.format,
-				   error)) {
-		if (enable_resampler)
-			resampler.Close();
-		return false;
+	if (enable_format) {
+		try {
+			format_converter.Open(format.format,
+					      _dest_format.format);
+		} catch (...) {
+			if (enable_resampler)
+				resampler.Close();
+			throw;
+		}
 	}
 
 	format.format = _dest_format.format;
 
 	enable_channels = format.channels != _dest_format.channels;
-	if (enable_channels &&
-	    !channels_converter.Open(format.format, format.channels,
-				     _dest_format.channels, error)) {
-		if (enable_format)
-			format_converter.Close();
-		if (enable_resampler)
-			resampler.Close();
-		return false;
+	if (enable_channels) {
+		try {
+			channels_converter.Open(format.format, format.channels,
+						_dest_format.channels);
+		} catch (...) {
+			if (enable_format)
+				format_converter.Close();
+			if (enable_resampler)
+				resampler.Close();
+			throw;
+		}
 	}
 
 	src_format = _src_format;
 	dest_format = _dest_format;
-
-	return true;
 }
 
 void
@@ -118,39 +119,27 @@ PcmConvert::Close()
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
-PcmConvert::Convert(ConstBuffer<void> buffer, Error &error)
+PcmConvert::Convert(ConstBuffer<void> buffer)
 {
 #ifdef ENABLE_DSD
 	if (src_format.format == SampleFormat::DSD) {
 		auto s = ConstBuffer<uint8_t>::FromVoid(buffer);
 		auto d = dsd.ToFloat(src_format.channels, s);
-		if (d.IsNull()) {
-			error.Set(pcm_domain,
-				  "DSD to PCM conversion failed");
-			return nullptr;
-		}
+		if (d.IsNull())
+			throw std::runtime_error("DSD to PCM conversion failed");
 
 		buffer = d.ToVoid();
 	}
 #endif
 
-	if (enable_resampler) {
-		buffer = resampler.Resample(buffer, error);
-		if (buffer.IsNull())
-			return nullptr;
-	}
+	if (enable_resampler)
+		buffer = resampler.Resample(buffer);
 
-	if (enable_format) {
-		buffer = format_converter.Convert(buffer, error);
-		if (buffer.IsNull())
-			return nullptr;
-	}
+	if (enable_format)
+		buffer = format_converter.Convert(buffer);
 
-	if (enable_channels) {
-		buffer = channels_converter.Convert(buffer, error);
-		if (buffer.IsNull())
-			return nullptr;
-	}
+	if (enable_channels)
+		buffer = channels_converter.Convert(buffer);
 
 	return buffer;
 }
diff --git a/src/pcm/PcmConvert.hxx b/src/pcm/PcmConvert.hxx
index 8b49c001f..c717a6ae2 100644
--- a/src/pcm/PcmConvert.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/PcmConvert.hxx
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 #endif
 
 template<typename T> struct ConstBuffer;
-class Error;
 
 /**
  * This object is statically allocated (within another struct), and
@@ -57,9 +56,10 @@ public:
 
 	/**
 	 * Prepare the object.  Call Close() when done.
+	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
 	 */
-	bool Open(AudioFormat _src_format, AudioFormat _dest_format,
-		  Error &error);
+	void Open(AudioFormat _src_format, AudioFormat _dest_format);
 
 	/**
 	 * Close the object after it was prepared with Open().  After
@@ -70,14 +70,15 @@ public:
 	/**
 	 * Converts PCM data between two audio formats.
 	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
+	 *
 	 * @param src the source PCM buffer
-	 * @param error location to store the error occurring
-	 * @return the destination buffer, or nullptr on error
+	 * @return the destination buffer
 	 */
-	ConstBuffer<void> Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error);
+	ConstBuffer<void> Convert(ConstBuffer<void> src);
 };
 
-bool
-pcm_convert_global_init(Error &error);
+void
+pcm_convert_global_init();
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/Resampler.hxx b/src/pcm/Resampler.hxx
index b88ebf161..404a7db28 100644
--- a/src/pcm/Resampler.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/Resampler.hxx
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "Compiler.h"
 
 struct AudioFormat;
-class Error;
 
 /**
  * This is an interface for plugins that convert PCM data to a
@@ -37,16 +36,17 @@ public:
 	/**
 	 * Opens the resampler, preparing it for Resample().
 	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
+	 *
 	 * @param af the audio format of incoming data; the plugin may
 	 * modify the object to enforce another input format (however,
 	 * it may not request a different input sample rate)
 	 * @param new_sample_rate the requested output sample rate
 	 * @param error location to store the error
-	 * @return the format of outgoing data or
-	 * AudioFormat::Undefined() on error
+	 * @return the format of outgoing data
 	 */
-	virtual AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-				 Error &error) = 0;
+	virtual AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af,
+				 unsigned new_sample_rate) = 0;
 
 	/**
 	 * Closes the resampler.  After that, you may call Open()
@@ -58,14 +58,11 @@ public:
 	 * Resamples a block of PCM data.
 	 *
 	 * @param src the input buffer
-	 * @param error location to store the error occurring
-	 * @return the destination buffer on success (will be
-	 * invalidated by filter_close() or filter_filter()), nullptr on
-	 * error
+	 * @return the destination buffer (will be invalidated by
+	 * filter_close() or filter_filter())
 	 */
 	gcc_pure
-	virtual ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src,
-					   Error &error) = 0;
+	virtual ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src) = 0;
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.cxx b/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.cxx
index 1b8002115..c85f58c0b 100644
--- a/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.cxx
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include "SoxrResampler.hxx"
 #include "AudioFormat.hxx"
 #include "config/Block.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
+#include "util/RuntimeError.hxx"
 #include "util/Domain.hxx"
 #include "Log.hxx"
 
@@ -80,18 +80,16 @@ soxr_parse_quality(const char *quality)
 	return SOXR_INVALID_RECIPE;
 }
 
-bool
-pcm_resample_soxr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error)
+void
+pcm_resample_soxr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block)
 {
 	const char *quality_string = block.GetBlockValue("quality");
 	unsigned long recipe = soxr_parse_quality(quality_string);
 	if (recipe == SOXR_INVALID_RECIPE) {
 		assert(quality_string != nullptr);
 
-		error.Format(soxr_domain,
-			     "unknown quality setting '%s' in line %d",
-			     quality_string, block.line);
-		return false;
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("unknown quality setting '%s' in line %d",
+					 quality_string, block.line);
 	}
 
 	soxr_quality = soxr_quality_spec(recipe, 0);
@@ -102,13 +100,10 @@ pcm_resample_soxr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error)
 
 	const unsigned n_threads = block.GetBlockValue("threads", 1);
 	soxr_runtime = soxr_runtime_spec(n_threads);
-
-	return true;
 }
 
 AudioFormat
-SoxrPcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-		       Error &error)
+SoxrPcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate)
 {
 	assert(af.IsValid());
 	assert(audio_valid_sample_rate(new_sample_rate));
@@ -117,11 +112,9 @@ SoxrPcmResampler::Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
 	soxr = soxr_create(af.sample_rate, new_sample_rate,
 			   af.channels, &e,
 			   nullptr, &soxr_quality, &soxr_runtime);
-	if (soxr == nullptr) {
-		error.Format(soxr_domain,
-			     "soxr initialization has failed: %s", e);
-		return AudioFormat::Undefined();
-	}
+	if (soxr == nullptr)
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("soxr initialization has failed: %s",
+					 e);
 
 	FormatDebug(soxr_domain, "soxr engine '%s'", soxr_engine(soxr));
 
@@ -147,7 +140,7 @@ SoxrPcmResampler::Close()
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
-SoxrPcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error)
+SoxrPcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src)
 {
 	const size_t frame_size = channels * sizeof(float);
 	assert(src.size % frame_size == 0);
@@ -162,10 +155,8 @@ SoxrPcmResampler::Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src, Error &error)
 	size_t i_done, o_done;
 	soxr_error_t e = soxr_process(soxr, src.data, n_frames, &i_done,
 				      output_buffer, o_frames, &o_done);
-	if (e != nullptr) {
-		error.Format(soxr_domain, "soxr error: %s", e);
-		return nullptr;
-	}
+	if (e != nullptr)
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("soxr error: %s", e);
 
 	return { output_buffer, o_done * frame_size };
 }
diff --git a/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.hxx b/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.hxx
index 7c7ffd6ed..dc76d3206 100644
--- a/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/SoxrResampler.hxx
@@ -39,14 +39,12 @@ class SoxrPcmResampler final : public PcmResampler {
 	PcmBuffer buffer;
 
 public:
-	virtual AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate,
-				 Error &error) override;
-	virtual void Close() override;
-	virtual ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src,
-					   Error &error) override;
+	AudioFormat Open(AudioFormat &af, unsigned new_sample_rate) override;
+	void Close() override;
+	ConstBuffer<void> Resample(ConstBuffer<void> src) override;
 };
 
-bool
-pcm_resample_soxr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error);
+void
+pcm_resample_soxr_global_init(const ConfigBlock &block);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/pcm/Volume.cxx b/src/pcm/Volume.cxx
index 5e09fc3be..a50854190 100644
--- a/src/pcm/Volume.cxx
+++ b/src/pcm/Volume.cxx
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include "Traits.hxx"
 #include "util/ConstBuffer.hxx"
 #include "util/WritableBuffer.hxx"
-#include "util/Error.hxx"
+#include "util/RuntimeError.hxx"
 
 #include "PcmDither.cxx" // including the .cxx file to get inlined templates
 
@@ -97,17 +97,15 @@ pcm_volume_change_float(float *dest, const float *src, size_t n,
 		dest[i] = src[i] * volume;
 }
 
-bool
-PcmVolume::Open(SampleFormat _format, Error &error)
+void
+PcmVolume::Open(SampleFormat _format)
 {
 	assert(format == SampleFormat::UNDEFINED);
 
 	switch (_format) {
 	case SampleFormat::UNDEFINED:
-		error.Format(pcm_domain,
-			     "Software volume for %s is not implemented",
-			     sample_format_to_string(_format));
-		return false;
+		throw FormatRuntimeError("Software volume for %s is not implemented",
+					 sample_format_to_string(_format));
 
 	case SampleFormat::S8:
 	case SampleFormat::S16:
@@ -122,7 +120,6 @@ PcmVolume::Open(SampleFormat _format, Error &error)
 	}
 
 	format = _format;
-	return true;
 }
 
 ConstBuffer<void>
diff --git a/src/pcm/Volume.hxx b/src/pcm/Volume.hxx
index 1576b33b1..a68dc958f 100644
--- a/src/pcm/Volume.hxx
+++ b/src/pcm/Volume.hxx
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #endif
 
-class Error;
 template<typename T> struct ConstBuffer;
 
 /**
@@ -93,11 +92,11 @@ public:
 	/**
 	 * Opens the object, prepare for Apply().
 	 *
+	 * Throws std::runtime_error on error.
+	 *
 	 * @param format the sample format
-	 * @param error location to store the error
-	 * @return true on success
 	 */
-	bool Open(SampleFormat format, Error &error);
+	void Open(SampleFormat format);
 
 	/**
 	 * Closes the object.  After that, you may call Open() again.