#include "../../../include/linux/hw_breakpoint.h" #include "util.h" #include "../perf.h" #include "evlist.h" #include "evsel.h" #include "parse-options.h" #include "parse-events.h" #include "exec_cmd.h" #include "string.h" #include "symbol.h" #include "cache.h" #include "header.h" #include "debugfs.h" struct event_symbol { u8 type; u64 config; const char *symbol; const char *alias; }; enum event_result { EVT_FAILED, EVT_HANDLED, EVT_HANDLED_ALL }; char debugfs_path[MAXPATHLEN]; #define CHW(x) .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_##x #define CSW(x) .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_##x static struct event_symbol event_symbols[] = { { CHW(CPU_CYCLES), "cpu-cycles", "cycles" }, { CHW(INSTRUCTIONS), "instructions", "" }, { CHW(CACHE_REFERENCES), "cache-references", "" }, { CHW(CACHE_MISSES), "cache-misses", "" }, { CHW(BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS), "branch-instructions", "branches" }, { CHW(BRANCH_MISSES), "branch-misses", "" }, { CHW(BUS_CYCLES), "bus-cycles", "" }, { CSW(CPU_CLOCK), "cpu-clock", "" }, { CSW(TASK_CLOCK), "task-clock", "" }, { CSW(PAGE_FAULTS), "page-faults", "faults" }, { CSW(PAGE_FAULTS_MIN), "minor-faults", "" }, { CSW(PAGE_FAULTS_MAJ), "major-faults", "" }, { CSW(CONTEXT_SWITCHES), "context-switches", "cs" }, { CSW(CPU_MIGRATIONS), "cpu-migrations", "migrations" }, { CSW(ALIGNMENT_FAULTS), "alignment-faults", "" }, { CSW(EMULATION_FAULTS), "emulation-faults", "" }, }; #define __PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, name) \ ((config & PERF_EVENT_##name##_MASK) >> PERF_EVENT_##name##_SHIFT) #define PERF_EVENT_RAW(config) __PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, RAW) #define PERF_EVENT_CONFIG(config) __PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, CONFIG) #define PERF_EVENT_TYPE(config) __PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, TYPE) #define PERF_EVENT_ID(config) __PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, EVENT) static const char *hw_event_names[] = { "cycles", "instructions", "cache-references", "cache-misses", "branches", "branch-misses", "bus-cycles", }; static const char *sw_event_names[] = { "cpu-clock-msecs", "task-clock-msecs", "page-faults", "context-switches", "CPU-migrations", "minor-faults", "major-faults", "alignment-faults", "emulation-faults", }; #define MAX_ALIASES 8 static const char *hw_cache[][MAX_ALIASES] = { { "L1-dcache", "l1-d", "l1d", "L1-data", }, { "L1-icache", "l1-i", "l1i", "L1-instruction", }, { "LLC", "L2" }, { "dTLB", "d-tlb", "Data-TLB", }, { "iTLB", "i-tlb", "Instruction-TLB", }, { "branch", "branches", "bpu", "btb", "bpc", }, }; static const char *hw_cache_op[][MAX_ALIASES] = { { "load", "loads", "read", }, { "store", "stores", "write", }, { "prefetch", "prefetches", "speculative-read", "speculative-load", }, }; static const char *hw_cache_result[][MAX_ALIASES] = { { "refs", "Reference", "ops", "access", }, { "misses", "miss", }, }; #define C(x) PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_##x #define CACHE_READ (1 << C(OP_READ)) #define CACHE_WRITE (1 << C(OP_WRITE)) #define CACHE_PREFETCH (1 << C(OP_PREFETCH)) #define COP(x) (1 << x) /* * cache operartion stat * L1I : Read and prefetch only * ITLB and BPU : Read-only */ static unsigned long hw_cache_stat[C(MAX)] = { [C(L1D)] = (CACHE_READ | CACHE_WRITE | CACHE_PREFETCH), [C(L1I)] = (CACHE_READ | CACHE_PREFETCH), [C(LL)] = (CACHE_READ | CACHE_WRITE | CACHE_PREFETCH), [C(DTLB)] = (CACHE_READ | CACHE_WRITE | CACHE_PREFETCH), [C(ITLB)] = (CACHE_READ), [C(BPU)] = (CACHE_READ), }; #define for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next) \ while (!readdir_r(sys_dir, &sys_dirent, &sys_next) && sys_next) \ if (sys_dirent.d_type == DT_DIR && \ (strcmp(sys_dirent.d_name, ".")) && \ (strcmp(sys_dirent.d_name, ".."))) static int tp_event_has_id(struct dirent *sys_dir, struct dirent *evt_dir) { char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN]; int fd; snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/%s/id", debugfs_path, sys_dir->d_name, evt_dir->d_name); fd = open(evt_path, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) return -EINVAL; close(fd); return 0; } #define for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next) \ while (!readdir_r(evt_dir, &evt_dirent, &evt_next) && evt_next) \ if (evt_dirent.d_type == DT_DIR && \ (strcmp(evt_dirent.d_name, ".")) && \ (strcmp(evt_dirent.d_name, "..")) && \ (!tp_event_has_id(&sys_dirent, &evt_dirent))) #define MAX_EVENT_LENGTH 512 struct tracepoint_path *tracepoint_id_to_path(u64 config) { struct tracepoint_path *path = NULL; DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir; struct dirent *sys_next, *evt_next, sys_dirent, evt_dirent; char id_buf[4]; int fd; u64 id; char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN]; char dir_path[MAXPATHLEN]; if (debugfs_valid_mountpoint(debugfs_path)) return NULL; sys_dir = opendir(debugfs_path); if (!sys_dir) return NULL; for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next) { snprintf(dir_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", debugfs_path, sys_dirent.d_name); evt_dir = opendir(dir_path); if (!evt_dir) continue; for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next) { snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/id", dir_path, evt_dirent.d_name); fd = open(evt_path, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) continue; if (read(fd, id_buf, sizeof(id_buf)) < 0) { close(fd); continue; } close(fd); id = atoll(id_buf); if (id == config) { closedir(evt_dir); closedir(sys_dir); path = zalloc(sizeof(*path)); path->system = malloc(MAX_EVENT_LENGTH); if (!path->system) { free(path); return NULL; } path->name = malloc(MAX_EVENT_LENGTH); if (!path->name) { free(path->system); free(path); return NULL; } strncpy(path->system, sys_dirent.d_name, MAX_EVENT_LENGTH); strncpy(path->name, evt_dirent.d_name, MAX_EVENT_LENGTH); return path; } } closedir(evt_dir); } closedir(sys_dir); return NULL; } #define TP_PATH_LEN (MAX_EVENT_LENGTH * 2 + 1) static const char *tracepoint_id_to_name(u64 config) { static char buf[TP_PATH_LEN]; struct tracepoint_path *path; path = tracepoint_id_to_path(config); if (path) { snprintf(buf, TP_PATH_LEN, "%s:%s", path->system, path->name); free(path->name); free(path->system); free(path); } else snprintf(buf, TP_PATH_LEN, "%s:%s", "unknown", "unknown"); return buf; } static int is_cache_op_valid(u8 cache_type, u8 cache_op) { if (hw_cache_stat[cache_type] & COP(cache_op)) return 1; /* valid */ else return 0; /* invalid */ } static char *event_cache_name(u8 cache_type, u8 cache_op, u8 cache_result) { static char name[50]; if (cache_result) { sprintf(name, "%s-%s-%s", hw_cache[cache_type][0], hw_cache_op[cache_op][0], hw_cache_result[cache_result][0]); } else { sprintf(name, "%s-%s", hw_cache[cache_type][0], hw_cache_op[cache_op][1]); } return name; } const char *event_name(struct perf_evsel *evsel) { u64 config = evsel->attr.config; int type = evsel->attr.type; return __event_name(type, config); } const char *__event_name(int type, u64 config) { static char buf[32]; if (type == PERF_TYPE_RAW) { sprintf(buf, "raw 0x%" PRIx64, config); return buf; } switch (type) { case PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE: if (config < PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX) return hw_event_names[config]; return "unknown-hardware"; case PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE: { u8 cache_type, cache_op, cache_result; cache_type = (config >> 0) & 0xff; if (cache_type > PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX) return "unknown-ext-hardware-cache-type"; cache_op = (config >> 8) & 0xff; if (cache_op > PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX) return "unknown-ext-hardware-cache-op"; cache_result = (config >> 16) & 0xff; if (cache_result > PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX) return "unknown-ext-hardware-cache-result"; if (!is_cache_op_valid(cache_type, cache_op)) return "invalid-cache"; return event_cache_name(cache_type, cache_op, cache_result); } case PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE: if (config < PERF_COUNT_SW_MAX) return sw_event_names[config]; return "unknown-software"; case PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT: return tracepoint_id_to_name(config); default: break; } return "unknown"; } static int parse_aliases(const char **str, const char *names[][MAX_ALIASES], int size) { int i, j; int n, longest = -1; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { for (j = 0; j < MAX_ALIASES && names[i][j]; j++) { n = strlen(names[i][j]); if (n > longest && !strncasecmp(*str, names[i][j], n)) longest = n; } if (longest > 0) { *str += longest; return i; } } return -1; } static enum event_result parse_generic_hw_event(const char **str, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { const char *s = *str; int cache_type = -1, cache_op = -1, cache_result = -1; cache_type = parse_aliases(&s, hw_cache, PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX); /* * No fallback - if we cannot get a clear cache type * then bail out: */ if (cache_type == -1) return EVT_FAILED; while ((cache_op == -1 || cache_result == -1) && *s == '-') { ++s; if (cache_op == -1) { cache_op = parse_aliases(&s, hw_cache_op, PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX); if (cache_op >= 0) { if (!is_cache_op_valid(cache_type, cache_op)) return 0; continue; } } if (cache_result == -1) { cache_result = parse_aliases(&s, hw_cache_result, PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX); if (cache_result >= 0) continue; } /* * Can't parse this as a cache op or result, so back up * to the '-'. */ --s; break; } /* * Fall back to reads: */ if (cache_op == -1) cache_op = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ; /* * Fall back to accesses: */ if (cache_result == -1) cache_result = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS; attr->config = cache_type | (cache_op << 8) | (cache_result << 16); attr->type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE; *str = s; return EVT_HANDLED; } static enum event_result parse_single_tracepoint_event(char *sys_name, const char *evt_name, unsigned int evt_length, struct perf_event_attr *attr, const char **strp) { char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN]; char id_buf[4]; u64 id; int fd; snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/%s/id", debugfs_path, sys_name, evt_name); fd = open(evt_path, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) return EVT_FAILED; if (read(fd, id_buf, sizeof(id_buf)) < 0) { close(fd); return EVT_FAILED; } close(fd); id = atoll(id_buf); attr->config = id; attr->type = PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT; *strp += strlen(sys_name) + evt_length + 1; /* + 1 for the ':' */ attr->sample_type |= PERF_SAMPLE_RAW; attr->sample_type |= PERF_SAMPLE_TIME; attr->sample_type |= PERF_SAMPLE_CPU; attr->sample_period = 1; return EVT_HANDLED; } /* sys + ':' + event + ':' + flags*/ #define MAX_EVOPT_LEN (MAX_EVENT_LENGTH * 2 + 2 + 128) static enum event_result parse_multiple_tracepoint_event(char *sys_name, const char *evt_exp, char *flags) { char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN]; struct dirent *evt_ent; DIR *evt_dir; snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", debugfs_path, sys_name); evt_dir = opendir(evt_path); if (!evt_dir) { perror("Can't open event dir"); return EVT_FAILED; } while ((evt_ent = readdir(evt_dir))) { char event_opt[MAX_EVOPT_LEN + 1]; int len; if (!strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "..") || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "enable") || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "filter")) continue; if (!strglobmatch(evt_ent->d_name, evt_exp)) continue; len = snprintf(event_opt, MAX_EVOPT_LEN, "%s:%s%s%s", sys_name, evt_ent->d_name, flags ? ":" : "", flags ?: ""); if (len < 0) return EVT_FAILED; if (parse_events(NULL, event_opt, 0)) return EVT_FAILED; } return EVT_HANDLED_ALL; } static enum event_result parse_tracepoint_event(const char **strp, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { const char *evt_name; char *flags = NULL, *comma_loc; char sys_name[MAX_EVENT_LENGTH]; unsigned int sys_length, evt_length; if (debugfs_valid_mountpoint(debugfs_path)) return 0; evt_name = strchr(*strp, ':'); if (!evt_name) return EVT_FAILED; sys_length = evt_name - *strp; if (sys_length >= MAX_EVENT_LENGTH) return 0; strncpy(sys_name, *strp, sys_length); sys_name[sys_length] = '\0'; evt_name = evt_name + 1; comma_loc = strchr(evt_name, ','); if (comma_loc) { /* take the event name up to the comma */ evt_name = strndup(evt_name, comma_loc - evt_name); } flags = strchr(evt_name, ':'); if (flags) { /* split it out: */ evt_name = strndup(evt_name, flags - evt_name); flags++; } evt_length = strlen(evt_name); if (evt_length >= MAX_EVENT_LENGTH) return EVT_FAILED; if (strpbrk(evt_name, "*?")) { *strp += strlen(sys_name) + evt_length + 1; /* 1 == the ':' */ return parse_multiple_tracepoint_event(sys_name, evt_name, flags); } else { return parse_single_tracepoint_event(sys_name, evt_name, evt_length, attr, strp); } } static enum event_result parse_breakpoint_type(const char *type, const char **strp, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { int i; for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { if (!type[i]) break; switch (type[i]) { case 'r': attr->bp_type |= HW_BREAKPOINT_R; break; case 'w': attr->bp_type |= HW_BREAKPOINT_W; break; case 'x': attr->bp_type |= HW_BREAKPOINT_X; break; default: return EVT_FAILED; } } if (!attr->bp_type) /* Default */ attr->bp_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_R | HW_BREAKPOINT_W; *strp = type + i; return EVT_HANDLED; } static enum event_result parse_breakpoint_event(const char **strp, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { const char *target; const char *type; char *endaddr; u64 addr; enum event_result err; target = strchr(*strp, ':'); if (!target) return EVT_FAILED; if (strncmp(*strp, "mem", target - *strp) != 0) return EVT_FAILED; target++; addr = strtoull(target, &endaddr, 0); if (target == endaddr) return EVT_FAILED; attr->bp_addr = addr; *strp = endaddr; type = strchr(target, ':'); /* If no type is defined, just rw as default */ if (!type) { attr->bp_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_R | HW_BREAKPOINT_W; } else { err = parse_breakpoint_type(++type, strp, attr); if (err == EVT_FAILED) return EVT_FAILED; } /* * We should find a nice way to override the access length * Provide some defaults for now */ if (attr->bp_type == HW_BREAKPOINT_X) attr->bp_len = sizeof(long); else attr->bp_len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4; attr->type = PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT; return EVT_HANDLED; } static int check_events(const char *str, unsigned int i) { int n; n = strlen(event_symbols[i].symbol); if (!strncmp(str, event_symbols[i].symbol, n)) return n; n = strlen(event_symbols[i].alias); if (n) if (!strncmp(str, event_symbols[i].alias, n)) return n; return 0; } static enum event_result parse_symbolic_event(const char **strp, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { const char *str = *strp; unsigned int i; int n; for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(event_symbols); i++) { n = check_events(str, i); if (n > 0) { attr->type = event_symbols[i].type; attr->config = event_symbols[i].config; *strp = str + n; return EVT_HANDLED; } } return EVT_FAILED; } static enum event_result parse_raw_event(const char **strp, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { const char *str = *strp; u64 config; int n; if (*str != 'r') return EVT_FAILED; n = hex2u64(str + 1, &config); if (n > 0) { *strp = str + n + 1; attr->type = PERF_TYPE_RAW; attr->config = config; return EVT_HANDLED; } return EVT_FAILED; } static enum event_result parse_numeric_event(const char **strp, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { const char *str = *strp; char *endp; unsigned long type; u64 config; type = strtoul(str, &endp, 0); if (endp > str && type < PERF_TYPE_MAX && *endp == ':') { str = endp + 1; config = strtoul(str, &endp, 0); if (endp > str) { attr->type = type; attr->config = config; *strp = endp; return EVT_HANDLED; } } return EVT_FAILED; } static enum event_result parse_event_modifier(const char **strp, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { const char *str = *strp; int exclude = 0; int eu = 0, ek = 0, eh = 0, precise = 0; if (*str++ != ':') return 0; while (*str) { if (*str == 'u') { if (!exclude) exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1; eu = 0; } else if (*str == 'k') { if (!exclude) exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1; ek = 0; } else if (*str == 'h') { if (!exclude) exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1; eh = 0; } else if (*str == 'p') { precise++; } else break; ++str; } if (str >= *strp + 2) { *strp = str; attr->exclude_user = eu; attr->exclude_kernel = ek; attr->exclude_hv = eh; attr->precise_ip = precise; return 1; } return 0; } /* * Each event can have multiple symbolic names. * Symbolic names are (almost) exactly matched. */ static enum event_result parse_event_symbols(const char **str, struct perf_event_attr *attr) { enum event_result ret; ret = parse_tracepoint_event(str, attr); if (ret != EVT_FAILED) goto modifier; ret = parse_raw_event(str, attr); if (ret != EVT_FAILED) goto modifier; ret = parse_numeric_event(str, attr); if (ret != EVT_FAILED) goto modifier; ret = parse_symbolic_event(str, attr); if (ret != EVT_FAILED) goto modifier; ret = parse_generic_hw_event(str, attr); if (ret != EVT_FAILED) goto modifier; ret = parse_breakpoint_event(str, attr); if (ret != EVT_FAILED) goto modifier; fprintf(stderr, "invalid or unsupported event: '%s'\n", *str); fprintf(stderr, "Run 'perf list' for a list of valid events\n"); return EVT_FAILED; modifier: parse_event_modifier(str, attr); return ret; } int parse_events(const struct option *opt, const char *str, int unset __used) { struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value; struct perf_event_attr attr; enum event_result ret; for (;;) { memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr)); ret = parse_event_symbols(&str, &attr); if (ret == EVT_FAILED) return -1; if (!(*str == 0 || *str == ',' || isspace(*str))) return -1; if (ret != EVT_HANDLED_ALL) { struct perf_evsel *evsel; evsel = perf_evsel__new(&attr, evlist->nr_entries); if (evsel == NULL) return -1; perf_evlist__add(evlist, evsel); } if (*str == 0) break; if (*str == ',') ++str; while (isspace(*str)) ++str; } return 0; } int parse_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *str, int unset __used) { struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value; struct perf_evsel *last = NULL; if (evlist->nr_entries > 0) last = list_entry(evlist->entries.prev, struct perf_evsel, node); if (last == NULL || last->attr.type != PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT) { fprintf(stderr, "-F option should follow a -e tracepoint option\n"); return -1; } last->filter = strdup(str); if (last->filter == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "not enough memory to hold filter string\n"); return -1; } return 0; } static const char * const event_type_descriptors[] = { "Hardware event", "Software event", "Tracepoint event", "Hardware cache event", "Raw hardware event descriptor", "Hardware breakpoint", }; /* * Print the events from /tracing/events */ static void print_tracepoint_events(void) { DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir; struct dirent *sys_next, *evt_next, sys_dirent, evt_dirent; char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN]; char dir_path[MAXPATHLEN]; if (debugfs_valid_mountpoint(debugfs_path)) return; sys_dir = opendir(debugfs_path); if (!sys_dir) return; for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next) { snprintf(dir_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", debugfs_path, sys_dirent.d_name); evt_dir = opendir(dir_path); if (!evt_dir) continue; for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next) { snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s:%s", sys_dirent.d_name, evt_dirent.d_name); printf(" %-42s [%s]\n", evt_path, event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]); } closedir(evt_dir); } closedir(sys_dir); } /* * Check whether event is in /tracing/events */ int is_valid_tracepoint(const char *event_string) { DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir; struct dirent *sys_next, *evt_next, sys_dirent, evt_dirent; char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN]; char dir_path[MAXPATHLEN]; if (debugfs_valid_mountpoint(debugfs_path)) return 0; sys_dir = opendir(debugfs_path); if (!sys_dir) return 0; for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next) { snprintf(dir_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", debugfs_path, sys_dirent.d_name); evt_dir = opendir(dir_path); if (!evt_dir) continue; for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next) { snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s:%s", sys_dirent.d_name, evt_dirent.d_name); if (!strcmp(evt_path, event_string)) { closedir(evt_dir); closedir(sys_dir); return 1; } } closedir(evt_dir); } closedir(sys_dir); return 0; } /* * Print the help text for the event symbols: */ void print_events(void) { struct event_symbol *syms = event_symbols; unsigned int i, type, op, prev_type = -1; char name[40]; printf("\n"); printf("List of pre-defined events (to be used in -e):\n"); for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(event_symbols); i++, syms++) { type = syms->type; if (type != prev_type) printf("\n"); if (strlen(syms->alias)) sprintf(name, "%s OR %s", syms->symbol, syms->alias); else strcpy(name, syms->symbol); printf(" %-42s [%s]\n", name, event_type_descriptors[type]); prev_type = type; } printf("\n"); for (type = 0; type < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX; type++) { for (op = 0; op < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX; op++) { /* skip invalid cache type */ if (!is_cache_op_valid(type, op)) continue; for (i = 0; i < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX; i++) { printf(" %-42s [%s]\n", event_cache_name(type, op, i), event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE]); } } } printf("\n"); printf(" %-42s [%s]\n", "rNNN (see 'perf list --help' on how to encode it)", event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_RAW]); printf("\n"); printf(" %-42s [%s]\n", "mem:[:access]", event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT]); printf("\n"); print_tracepoint_events(); exit(129); }