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2018-05-19mmap: relax file size limit for regular filesLinus Torvalds
Commit be83bbf80682 ("mmap: introduce sane default mmap limits") was introduced to catch problems in various ad-hoc character device drivers doing mmap and getting the size limits wrong. In the process, it used "known good" limits for the normal cases of mapping regular files and block device drivers. It turns out that the "s_maxbytes" limit was less "known good" than I thought. In particular, /proc doesn't set it, but exposes one regular file to mmap: /proc/vmcore. As a result, that file got limited to the default MAX_INT s_maxbytes value. This went unnoticed for a while, because apparently the only thing that needs it is the s390 kernel zfcpdump, but there might be other tools that use this too. Vasily suggested just changing s_maxbytes for all of /proc, which isn't wrong, but makes me nervous at this stage. So instead, just make the new mmap limit always be MAX_LFS_FILESIZE for regular files, which won't affect anything else. It wasn't the regular file case I was worried about. I'd really prefer for maxsize to have been per-inode, but that is not how things are today. Fixes: be83bbf80682 ("mmap: introduce sane default mmap limits") Reported-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-18mm: don't allow deferred pages with NEED_PER_CPU_KMPavel Tatashin
It is unsafe to do virtual to physical translations before mm_init() is called if struct page is needed in order to determine the memory section number (see SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS). This is because only in mm_init() we initialize struct pages for all the allocated memory when deferred struct pages are used. My recent fix in commit c9e97a1997 ("mm: initialize pages on demand during boot") exposed this problem, because it greatly reduced number of pages that are initialized before mm_init(), but the problem existed even before my fix, as Fengguang Wu found. Below is a more detailed explanation of the problem. We initialize struct pages in four places: 1. Early in boot a small set of struct pages is initialized to fill the first section, and lower zones. 2. During mm_init() we initialize "struct pages" for all the memory that is allocated, i.e reserved in memblock. 3. Using on-demand logic when pages are allocated after mm_init call (when memblock is finished) 4. After smp_init() when the rest free deferred pages are initialized. The problem occurs if we try to do va to phys translation of a memory between steps 1 and 2. Because we have not yet initialized struct pages for all the reserved pages, it is inherently unsafe to do va to phys if the translation itself requires access of "struct page" as in case of this combination: CONFIG_SPARSE && !CONFIG_SPARSE_VMEMMAP The following path exposes the problem: start_kernel() trap_init() setup_cpu_entry_areas() setup_cpu_entry_area(cpu) get_cpu_gdt_paddr(cpu) per_cpu_ptr_to_phys(addr) pcpu_addr_to_page(addr) virt_to_page(addr) pfn_to_page(__pa(addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT) We disable this path by not allowing NEED_PER_CPU_KM with deferred struct pages feature. The problems are discussed in these threads: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180418135300.inazvpxjxowogyge@wfg-t540p.sh.intel.com http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180419013128.iurzouiqxvcnpbvz@wfg-t540p.sh.intel.com http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180426202619.2768-1-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180515175124.1770-1-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com Fixes: 3a80a7fa7989 ("mm: meminit: initialise a subset of struct pages if CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT is set") Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com> Cc: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennisszhou@gmail.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-17proc: do not access cmdline nor environ from file-backed areasWilly Tarreau
proc_pid_cmdline_read() and environ_read() directly access the target process' VM to retrieve the command line and environment. If this process remaps these areas onto a file via mmap(), the requesting process may experience various issues such as extra delays if the underlying device is slow to respond. Let's simply refuse to access file-backed areas in these functions. For this we add a new FOLL_ANON gup flag that is passed to all calls to access_remote_vm(). The code already takes care of such failures (including unmapped areas). Accesses via /proc/pid/mem were not changed though. This was assigned CVE-2018-1120. Note for stable backports: the patch may apply to kernels prior to 4.11 but silently miss one location; it must be checked that no call to access_remote_vm() keeps zero as the last argument. Reported-by: Qualys Security Advisory <qsa@qualys.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-11Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)Linus Torvalds
Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton: "13 fixes" * emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: rbtree: include rcu.h scripts/faddr2line: fix error when addr2line output contains discriminator ocfs2: take inode cluster lock before moving reflinked inode from orphan dir mm, oom: fix concurrent munlock and oom reaper unmap, v3 mm: migrate: fix double call of radix_tree_replace_slot() proc/kcore: don't bounds check against address 0 mm: don't show nr_indirectly_reclaimable in /proc/vmstat mm: sections are not offlined during memory hotremove z3fold: fix reclaim lock-ups init: fix false positives in W+X checking lib/find_bit_benchmark.c: avoid soft lockup in test_find_first_bit() KASAN: prohibit KASAN+STRUCTLEAK combination MAINTAINERS: update Shuah's email address
2018-05-11mm, oom: fix concurrent munlock and oom reaper unmap, v3David Rientjes
Since exit_mmap() is done without the protection of mm->mmap_sem, it is possible for the oom reaper to concurrently operate on an mm until MMF_OOM_SKIP is set. This allows munlock_vma_pages_all() to concurrently run while the oom reaper is operating on a vma. Since munlock_vma_pages_range() depends on clearing VM_LOCKED from vm_flags before actually doing the munlock to determine if any other vmas are locking the same memory, the check for VM_LOCKED in the oom reaper is racy. This is especially noticeable on architectures such as powerpc where clearing a huge pmd requires serialize_against_pte_lookup(). If the pmd is zapped by the oom reaper during follow_page_mask() after the check for pmd_none() is bypassed, this ends up deferencing a NULL ptl or a kernel oops. Fix this by manually freeing all possible memory from the mm before doing the munlock and then setting MMF_OOM_SKIP. The oom reaper can not run on the mm anymore so the munlock is safe to do in exit_mmap(). It also matches the logic that the oom reaper currently uses for determining when to set MMF_OOM_SKIP itself, so there's no new risk of excessive oom killing. This issue fixes CVE-2018-1000200. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.1804241526320.238665@chino.kir.corp.google.com Fixes: 212925802454 ("mm: oom: let oom_reap_task and exit_mmap run concurrently") Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Suggested-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.14+] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-11mm: migrate: fix double call of radix_tree_replace_slot()Naoya Horiguchi
radix_tree_replace_slot() is called twice for head page, it's obviously a bug. Let's fix it. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180423072101.GA12157@hori1.linux.bs1.fc.nec.co.jp Fixes: e71769ae5260 ("mm: enable thp migration for shmem thp") Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Reported-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Zi Yan <zi.yan@sent.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-11mm: don't show nr_indirectly_reclaimable in /proc/vmstatRoman Gushchin
Don't show nr_indirectly_reclaimable in /proc/vmstat, because there is no need to export this vm counter to userspace, and some changes are expected in reclaimable object accounting, which can alter this counter. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180425191422.9159-1-guro@fb.com Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-11mm: sections are not offlined during memory hotremovePavel Tatashin
Memory hotplug and hotremove operate with per-block granularity. If the machine has a large amount of memory (more than 64G), the size of a memory block can span multiple sections. By mistake, during hotremove we set only the first section to offline state. The bug was discovered because kernel selftest started to fail: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180423011247.GK5563@yexl-desktop After commit, "mm/memory_hotplug: optimize probe routine". But, the bug is older than this commit. In this optimization we also added a check for sections to be in a proper state during hotplug operation. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180427145257.15222-1-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com Fixes: 2d070eab2e82 ("mm: consider zone which is not fully populated to have holes") Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Steven Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com> Cc: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-11z3fold: fix reclaim lock-upsVitaly Wool
Do not try to optimize in-page object layout while the page is under reclaim. This fixes lock-ups on reclaim and improves reclaim performance at the same time. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180430125800.444cae9706489f412ad12621@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vitaly.vul@sony.com> Reported-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Tested-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Cc: <Oleksiy.Avramchenko@sony.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-11mmap: introduce sane default mmap limitsLinus Torvalds
The internal VM "mmap()" interfaces are based on the mmap target doing everything using page indexes rather than byte offsets, because traditionally (ie 32-bit) we had the situation that the byte offset didn't fit in a register. So while the mmap virtual address was limited by the word size of the architecture, the backing store was not. So we're basically passing "pgoff" around as a page index, in order to be able to describe backing store locations that are much bigger than the word size (think files larger than 4GB etc). But while this all makes a ton of sense conceptually, we've been dogged by various drivers that don't really understand this, and internally work with byte offsets, and then try to work with the page index by turning it into a byte offset with "pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT". Which obviously can overflow. Adding the size of the mapping to it to get the byte offset of the end of the backing store just exacerbates the problem, and if you then use this overflow-prone value to check various limits of your device driver mmap capability, you're just setting yourself up for problems. The correct thing for drivers to do is to do their limit math in page indices, the way the interface is designed. Because the generic mmap code _does_ test that the index doesn't overflow, since that's what the mmap code really cares about. HOWEVER. Finding and fixing various random drivers is a sisyphean task, so let's just see if we can just make the core mmap() code do the limiting for us. Realistically, the only "big" backing stores we need to care about are regular files and block devices, both of which are known to do this properly, and which have nice well-defined limits for how much data they can access. So let's special-case just those two known cases, and then limit other random mmap users to a backing store that still fits in "unsigned long". Realistically, that's not much of a limit at all on 64-bit, and on 32-bit architectures the only worry might be the GPU drivers, which can have big physical address spaces. To make it possible for drivers like that to say that they are 64-bit clean, this patch does repurpose the "FMODE_UNSIGNED_OFFSET" bit in the file flags to allow drivers to mark their file descriptors as safe in the full 64-bit mmap address space. [ The timing for doing this is less than optimal, and this should really go in a merge window. But realistically, this needs wide testing more than it needs anything else, and being main-line is the only way to do that. So the earlier the better, even if it's outside the proper development cycle - Linus ] Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-05-04Merge tag 'for-linus-20180504' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-blockLinus Torvalds
Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe: "A collection of fixes that should to into this release. This contains: - Set of bcache fixes from Coly, fixing regression in patches that went into this series. - Set of NVMe fixes by way of Keith. - Set of bdi related fixes, one from Jan and two from Tetsuo Handa, fixing various issues around device addition/removal. - Two block inflight fixes from Omar, fixing issues around the transition to using tags for blk-mq inflight accounting that we did a few releases ago" * tag 'for-linus-20180504' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: bdi: Fix oops in wb_workfn() nvmet: switch loopback target state to connecting when resetting nvme/multipath: Fix multipath disabled naming collisions nvme/multipath: Disable runtime writable enabling parameter nvme: Set integrity flag for user passthrough commands nvme: fix potential memory leak in option parsing bdi: Fix use after free bug in debugfs_remove() bdi: wake up concurrent wb_shutdown() callers. bcache: use pr_info() to inform duplicated CACHE_SET_IO_DISABLE set bcache: set dc->io_disable to true in conditional_stop_bcache_device() bcache: add wait_for_kthread_stop() in bch_allocator_thread() bcache: count backing device I/O error for writeback I/O bcache: set CACHE_SET_IO_DISABLE in bch_cached_dev_error() bcache: store disk name in struct cache and struct cached_dev blk-mq: fix sysfs inflight counter blk-mq: count allocated but not started requests in iostats inflight
2018-05-03bdi: Fix use after free bug in debugfs_remove()Tetsuo Handa
syzbot is reporting use after free bug in debugfs_remove() [1]. This is because fault injection made memory allocation for debugfs_create_file() from bdi_debug_register() from bdi_register_va() fail and continued with setting WB_registered. But when debugfs_remove() is called from debugfs_remove(bdi->debug_dir) from bdi_debug_unregister() from bdi_unregister() from release_bdi() because WB_registered was set by bdi_register_va(), IS_ERR_OR_NULL(bdi->debug_dir) == false despite debugfs_remove(bdi->debug_dir) was already called from bdi_register_va(). Fix this by making IS_ERR_OR_NULL(bdi->debug_dir) == true. [1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=5ab4efd91a96dcea9b68104f159adf4af2a6dfc1 Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Reported-by: syzbot <syzbot+049cb4ae097049dac137@syzkaller.appspotmail.com> Fixes: 97f07697932e6faf ("bdi: convert bdi_debug_register to int") Cc: weiping zhang <zhangweiping@didichuxing.com> Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2018-05-03bdi: wake up concurrent wb_shutdown() callers.Tetsuo Handa
syzbot is reporting hung tasks at wait_on_bit(WB_shutting_down) in wb_shutdown() [1]. This seems to be because commit 5318ce7d46866e1d ("bdi: Shutdown writeback on all cgwbs in cgwb_bdi_destroy()") forgot to call wake_up_bit(WB_shutting_down) after clear_bit(WB_shutting_down). Introduce a helper function clear_and_wake_up_bit() and use it, in order to avoid similar errors in future. [1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=b297474817af98d5796bc544e1bb806fc3da0e5e Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Reported-by: syzbot <syzbot+c0cf869505e03bdf1a24@syzkaller.appspotmail.com> Fixes: 5318ce7d46866e1d ("bdi: Shutdown writeback on all cgwbs in cgwb_bdi_destroy()") Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2018-04-25x86/pti: Filter at vma->vm_page_prot populationDave Hansen
commit ce9962bf7e22bb3891655c349faff618922d4a73 0day reported warnings at boot on 32-bit systems without NX support: attempted to set unsupported pgprot: 8000000000000025 bits: 8000000000000000 supported: 7fffffffffffffff WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h:540 handle_mm_fault+0xfc1/0xfe0: check_pgprot at arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h:535 (inlined by) pfn_pte at arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h:549 (inlined by) do_anonymous_page at mm/memory.c:3169 (inlined by) handle_pte_fault at mm/memory.c:3961 (inlined by) __handle_mm_fault at mm/memory.c:4087 (inlined by) handle_mm_fault at mm/memory.c:4124 The problem is that due to the recent commit which removed auto-massaging of page protections, filtering page permissions at PTE creation time is not longer done, so vma->vm_page_prot is passed unfiltered to PTE creation. Filter the page protections before they are installed in vma->vm_page_prot. Fixes: fb43d6cb91 ("x86/mm: Do not auto-massage page protections") Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com> Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180420222028.99D72858@viggo.jf.intel.com
2018-04-20mm/filemap.c: fix NULL pointer in page_cache_tree_insert()Matthew Wilcox
f2fs specifies the __GFP_ZERO flag for allocating some of its pages. Unfortunately, the page cache also uses the mapping's GFP flags for allocating radix tree nodes. It always masked off the __GFP_HIGHMEM flag, and masks off __GFP_ZERO in some paths, but not all. That causes radix tree nodes to be allocated with a NULL list_head, which causes backtraces like: __list_del_entry+0x30/0xd0 list_lru_del+0xac/0x1ac page_cache_tree_insert+0xd8/0x110 The __GFP_DMA and __GFP_DMA32 flags would also be able to sneak through if they are ever used. Fix them all by using GFP_RECLAIM_MASK at the innermost location, and remove it from earlier in the callchain. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180411060320.14458-2-willy@infradead.org Fixes: 449dd6984d0e ("mm: keep page cache radix tree nodes in check") Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Reported-by: Chris Fries <cfries@google.com> Debugged-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-20mm: memcg: add __GFP_NOWARN in __memcg_schedule_kmem_cache_create()Minchan Kim
If there is heavy memory pressure, page allocation with __GFP_NOWAIT fails easily although it's order-0 request. I got below warning 9 times for normal boot. <snip >: page allocation failure: order:0, mode:0x2200000(GFP_NOWAIT|__GFP_NOTRACK) .. snip .. Call trace: dump_backtrace+0x0/0x4 dump_stack+0xa4/0xc0 warn_alloc+0xd4/0x15c __alloc_pages_nodemask+0xf88/0x10fc alloc_slab_page+0x40/0x18c new_slab+0x2b8/0x2e0 ___slab_alloc+0x25c/0x464 __kmalloc+0x394/0x498 memcg_kmem_get_cache+0x114/0x2b8 kmem_cache_alloc+0x98/0x3e8 mmap_region+0x3bc/0x8c0 do_mmap+0x40c/0x43c vm_mmap_pgoff+0x15c/0x1e4 sys_mmap+0xb0/0xc8 el0_svc_naked+0x24/0x28 Mem-Info: active_anon:17124 inactive_anon:193 isolated_anon:0 active_file:7898 inactive_file:712955 isolated_file:55 unevictable:0 dirty:27 writeback:18 unstable:0 slab_reclaimable:12250 slab_unreclaimable:23334 mapped:19310 shmem:212 pagetables:816 bounce:0 free:36561 free_pcp:1205 free_cma:35615 Node 0 active_anon:68496kB inactive_anon:772kB active_file:31592kB inactive_file:2851820kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):220kB mapped:77240kB dirty:108kB writeback:72kB shmem:848kB writeback_tmp:0kB unstable:0kB all_unreclaimable? no DMA free:142188kB min:3056kB low:3820kB high:4584kB active_anon:10052kB inactive_anon:12kB active_file:312kB inactive_file:1412620kB unevictable:0kB writepending:0kB present:1781412kB managed:1604728kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:3592kB slab_unreclaimable:876kB kernel_stack:400kB pagetables:52kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:1436kB local_pcp:124kB free_cma:142492kB lowmem_reserve[]: 0 1842 1842 Normal free:4056kB min:4172kB low:5212kB high:6252kB active_anon:58376kB inactive_anon:760kB active_file:31348kB inactive_file:1439040kB unevictable:0kB writepending:180kB present:2000636kB managed:1923688kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:45408kB slab_unreclaimable:92460kB kernel_stack:9680kB pagetables:3212kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:3392kB local_pcp:688kB free_cma:0kB lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 DMA: 0*4kB 0*8kB 1*16kB (C) 0*32kB 0*64kB 0*128kB 1*256kB (C) 1*512kB (C) 0*1024kB 1*2048kB (C) 34*4096kB (C) = 142096kB Normal: 228*4kB (UMEH) 172*8kB (UMH) 23*16kB (UH) 24*32kB (H) 5*64kB (H) 1*128kB (H) 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 3872kB 721350 total pagecache pages 0 pages in swap cache Swap cache stats: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0 Free swap = 0kB Total swap = 0kB 945512 pages RAM 0 pages HighMem/MovableOnly 63408 pages reserved 51200 pages cma reserved __memcg_schedule_kmem_cache_create() tries to create a shadow slab cache and the worker allocation failure is not really critical because we will retry on the next kmem charge. We might miss some charges but that shouldn't be critical. The excessive allocation failure report is not very helpful. [mhocko@kernel.org: changelog update] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180418022912.248417-1-minchan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-20mm: enable thp migration for shmem thpNaoya Horiguchi
My testing for the latest kernel supporting thp migration showed an infinite loop in offlining the memory block that is filled with shmem thps. We can get out of the loop with a signal, but kernel should return with failure in this case. What happens in the loop is that scan_movable_pages() repeats returning the same pfn without any progress. That's because page migration always fails for shmem thps. In memory offline code, memory blocks containing unmovable pages should be prevented from being offline targets by has_unmovable_pages() inside start_isolate_page_range(). So it's possible to change migratability for non-anonymous thps to avoid the issue, but it introduces more complex and thp-specific handling in migration code, so it might not good. So this patch is suggesting to fix the issue by enabling thp migration for shmem thp. Both of anon/shmem thp are migratable so we don't need precheck about the type of thps. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406030706.GA2434@hori1.linux.bs1.fc.nec.co.jp Fixes: commit 72b39cfc4d75 ("mm, memory_hotplug: do not fail offlining too early") Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Zi Yan <zi.yan@sent.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-20writeback: safer lock nestingGreg Thelen
lock_page_memcg()/unlock_page_memcg() use spin_lock_irqsave/restore() if the page's memcg is undergoing move accounting, which occurs when a process leaves its memcg for a new one that has memory.move_charge_at_immigrate set. unlocked_inode_to_wb_begin,end() use spin_lock_irq/spin_unlock_irq() if the given inode is switching writeback domains. Switches occur when enough writes are issued from a new domain. This existing pattern is thus suspicious: lock_page_memcg(page); unlocked_inode_to_wb_begin(inode, &locked); ... unlocked_inode_to_wb_end(inode, locked); unlock_page_memcg(page); If both inode switch and process memcg migration are both in-flight then unlocked_inode_to_wb_end() will unconditionally enable interrupts while still holding the lock_page_memcg() irq spinlock. This suggests the possibility of deadlock if an interrupt occurs before unlock_page_memcg(). truncate __cancel_dirty_page lock_page_memcg unlocked_inode_to_wb_begin unlocked_inode_to_wb_end <interrupts mistakenly enabled> <interrupt> end_page_writeback test_clear_page_writeback lock_page_memcg <deadlock> unlock_page_memcg Due to configuration limitations this deadlock is not currently possible because we don't mix cgroup writeback (a cgroupv2 feature) and memory.move_charge_at_immigrate (a cgroupv1 feature). If the kernel is hacked to always claim inode switching and memcg moving_account, then this script triggers lockup in less than a minute: cd /mnt/cgroup/memory mkdir a b echo 1 > a/memory.move_charge_at_immigrate echo 1 > b/memory.move_charge_at_immigrate ( echo $BASHPID > a/cgroup.procs while true; do dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/big bs=1M count=256 done ) & while true; do sync done & sleep 1h & SLEEP=$! while true; do echo $SLEEP > a/cgroup.procs echo $SLEEP > b/cgroup.procs done The deadlock does not seem possible, so it's debatable if there's any reason to modify the kernel. I suggest we should to prevent future surprises. And Wang Long said "this deadlock occurs three times in our environment", so there's more reason to apply this, even to stable. Stable 4.4 has minor conflicts applying this patch. For a clean 4.4 patch see "[PATCH for-4.4] writeback: safer lock nesting" https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/4/11/146 Wang Long said "this deadlock occurs three times in our environment" [gthelen@google.com: v4] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180411084653.254724-1-gthelen@google.com [akpm@linux-foundation.org: comment tweaks, struct initialization simplification] Change-Id: Ibb773e8045852978f6207074491d262f1b3fb613 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180410005908.167976-1-gthelen@google.com Fixes: 682aa8e1a6a1 ("writeback: implement unlocked_inode_to_wb transaction and use it for stat updates") Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Reported-by: Wang Long <wanglong19@meituan.com> Acked-by: Wang Long <wanglong19@meituan.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [v4.2+] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-20mm: fix do_pages_move status handlingMichal Hocko
Li Wang has reported that LTP move_pages04 test fails with the current tree: LTP move_pages04: TFAIL : move_pages04.c:143: status[1] is EPERM, expected EFAULT The test allocates an array of two pages, one is present while the other is not (resp. backed by zero page) and it expects EFAULT for the second page as the man page suggests. We are reporting EPERM which doesn't make any sense and this is a result of a bug from cf5f16b23ec9 ("mm: unclutter THP migration"). do_pages_move tries to handle as many pages in one batch as possible so we queue all pages with the same node target together and that corresponds to [start, i] range which is then used to update status array. add_page_for_migration will correctly notice the zero (resp. !present) page and returns with EFAULT which gets written to the status. But if this is the last page in the array we do not update start and so the last store_status after the loop will overwrite the range of the last batch with NUMA_NO_NODE (which corresponds to EPERM). Fix this by simply bailing out from the last flush if the pagelist is empty as there is clearly nothing more to do. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180418121255.334-1-mhocko@kernel.org Fixes: cf5f16b23ec9 ("mm: unclutter THP migration") Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reported-by: Li Wang <liwang@redhat.com> Tested-by: Li Wang <liwang@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-16mm,vmscan: Allow preallocating memory for register_shrinker().Tetsuo Handa
syzbot is catching so many bugs triggered by commit 9ee332d99e4d5a97 ("sget(): handle failures of register_shrinker()"). That commit expected that calling kill_sb() from deactivate_locked_super() without successful fill_super() is safe, but the reality was different; some callers assign attributes which are needed for kill_sb() after sget() succeeds. For example, [1] is a report where sb->s_mode (which seems to be either FMODE_READ | FMODE_EXCL | FMODE_WRITE or FMODE_READ | FMODE_EXCL) is not assigned unless sget() succeeds. But it does not worth complicate sget() so that register_shrinker() failure path can safely call kill_block_super() via kill_sb(). Making alloc_super() fail if memory allocation for register_shrinker() failed is much simpler. Let's avoid calling deactivate_locked_super() from sget_userns() by preallocating memory for the shrinker and making register_shrinker() in sget_userns() never fail. [1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=588996a25a2587be2e3a54e8646728fb9cae44e7 Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Reported-by: syzbot <syzbot+5a170e19c963a2e0df79@syzkaller.appspotmail.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2018-04-13mm, slab: reschedule cache_reap() on the same CPUVlastimil Babka
cache_reap() is initially scheduled in start_cpu_timer() via schedule_delayed_work_on(). But then the next iterations are scheduled via schedule_delayed_work(), i.e. using WORK_CPU_UNBOUND. Thus since commit ef557180447f ("workqueue: schedule WORK_CPU_UNBOUND work on wq_unbound_cpumask CPUs") there is no guarantee the future iterations will run on the originally intended cpu, although it's still preferred. I was able to demonstrate this with /sys/module/workqueue/parameters/debug_force_rr_cpu. IIUC, it may also happen due to migrating timers in nohz context. As a result, some cpu's would be calling cache_reap() more frequently and others never. This patch uses schedule_delayed_work_on() with the current cpu when scheduling the next iteration. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180411070007.32225-1-vbabka@suse.cz Fixes: ef557180447f ("workqueue: schedule WORK_CPU_UNBOUND work on wq_unbound_cpumask CPUs") Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com> Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-13mm/filemap.c: provide dummy filemap_page_mkwrite() for NOMMUArnd Bergmann
Building orangefs on MMU-less machines now results in a link error because of the newly introduced use of the filemap_page_mkwrite() function: ERROR: "filemap_page_mkwrite" [fs/orangefs/orangefs.ko] undefined! This adds a dummy version for it, similar to the existing generic_file_mmap and generic_file_readonly_mmap stubs in the same file, to avoid the link error without adding #ifdefs in each file system that uses these. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180409105555.2439976-1-arnd@arndb.de Fixes: a5135eeab2e5 ("orangefs: implement vm_ops->fault") Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Martin Brandenburg <martin@omnibond.com> Cc: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-13mm/gup.c: document return valueMichael S. Tsirkin
__get_user_pages_fast handles errors differently from get_user_pages_fast: the former always returns the number of pages pinned, the later might return a negative error code. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1522962072-182137-6-git-send-email-mst@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Thorsten Leemhuis <regressions@leemhuis.info> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-13get_user_pages_fast(): return -EFAULT on access_ok failureMichael S. Tsirkin
get_user_pages_fast is supposed to be a faster drop-in equivalent of get_user_pages. As such, callers expect it to return a negative return code when passed an invalid address, and never expect it to return 0 when passed a positive number of pages, since its documentation says: * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages * were pinned, returns -errno. When get_user_pages_fast fall back on get_user_pages this is exactly what happens. Unfortunately the implementation is inconsistent: it returns 0 if passed a kernel address, confusing callers: for example, the following is pretty common but does not appear to do the right thing with a kernel address: ret = get_user_pages_fast(addr, 1, writeable, &page); if (ret < 0) return ret; Change get_user_pages_fast to return -EFAULT when supplied a kernel address to make it match expectations. All callers have been audited for consistency with the documented semantics. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1522962072-182137-4-git-send-email-mst@redhat.com Fixes: 5b65c4677a57 ("mm, x86/mm: Fix performance regression in get_user_pages_fast()") Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Reported-by: syzbot+6304bf97ef436580fede@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Thorsten Leemhuis <regressions@leemhuis.info> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-13mm/gup_benchmark: handle gup failuresMichael S. Tsirkin
Patch series "mm/get_user_pages_fast fixes, cleanups", v2. Turns out get_user_pages_fast and __get_user_pages_fast return different values on error when given a single page: __get_user_pages_fast returns 0. get_user_pages_fast returns either 0 or an error. Callers of get_user_pages_fast expect an error so fix it up to return an error consistently. Stress the difference between get_user_pages_fast and __get_user_pages_fast to make sure callers aren't confused. This patch (of 3): __gup_benchmark_ioctl does not handle the case where get_user_pages_fast fails: - a negative return code will cause a buffer overrun - returning with partial success will cause use of uninitialized memory. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: simplification] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1522962072-182137-3-git-send-email-mst@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Thorsten Leemhuis <regressions@leemhuis.info> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11page cache: use xa_lockMatthew Wilcox
Remove the address_space ->tree_lock and use the xa_lock newly added to the radix_tree_root. Rename the address_space ->page_tree to ->i_pages, since we don't really care that it's a tree. [willy@infradead.org: fix nds32, fs/dax.c] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406145415.GB20605@bombadil.infradead.orgLink: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180313132639.17387-9-willy@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11xen, mm: allow deferred page initialization for xen pv domainsPavel Tatashin
Juergen Gross noticed that commit f7f99100d8d ("mm: stop zeroing memory during allocation in vmemmap") broke XEN PV domains when deferred struct page initialization is enabled. This is because the xen's PagePinned() flag is getting erased from struct pages when they are initialized later in boot. Juergen fixed this problem by disabling deferred pages on xen pv domains. It is desirable, however, to have this feature available as it reduces boot time. This fix re-enables the feature for pv-dmains, and fixes the problem the following way: The fix is to delay setting PagePinned flag until struct pages for all allocated memory are initialized, i.e. until after free_all_bootmem(). A new x86_init.hyper op init_after_bootmem() is called to let xen know that boot allocator is done, and hence struct pages for all the allocated memory are now initialized. If deferred page initialization is enabled, the rest of struct pages are going to be initialized later in boot once page_alloc_init_late() is called. xen_after_bootmem() walks page table's pages and marks them pinned. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180226160112.24724-2-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Tested-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Cc: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com> Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com> Cc: Alok Kataria <akataria@vmware.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com> Cc: Jinbum Park <jinb.park7@gmail.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Jia Zhang <zhang.jia@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Stefano Stabellini <sstabellini@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm: introduce MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACEMichal Hocko
Patch series "mm: introduce MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE", v2. This has started as a follow up discussion [3][4] resulting in the runtime failure caused by hardening patch [5] which removes MAP_FIXED from the elf loader because MAP_FIXED is inherently dangerous as it might silently clobber an existing underlying mapping (e.g. stack). The reason for the failure is that some architectures enforce an alignment for the given address hint without MAP_FIXED used (e.g. for shared or file backed mappings). One way around this would be excluding those archs which do alignment tricks from the hardening [6]. The patch is really trivial but it has been objected, rightfully so, that this screams for a more generic solution. We basically want a non-destructive MAP_FIXED. The first patch introduced MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE which enforces the given address but unlike MAP_FIXED it fails with EEXIST if the given range conflicts with an existing one. The flag is introduced as a completely new one rather than a MAP_FIXED extension because of the backward compatibility. We really want a never-clobber semantic even on older kernels which do not recognize the flag. Unfortunately mmap sucks wrt flags evaluation because we do not EINVAL on unknown flags. On those kernels we would simply use the traditional hint based semantic so the caller can still get a different address (which sucks) but at least not silently corrupt an existing mapping. I do not see a good way around that. Except we won't export expose the new semantic to the userspace at all. It seems there are users who would like to have something like that. Jemalloc has been mentioned by Michael Ellerman [7] Florian Weimer has mentioned the following: : glibc ld.so currently maps DSOs without hints. This means that the kernel : will map right next to each other, and the offsets between them a completely : predictable. We would like to change that and supply a random address in a : window of the address space. If there is a conflict, we do not want the : kernel to pick a non-random address. Instead, we would try again with a : random address. John Hubbard has mentioned CUDA example : a) Searches /proc/<pid>/maps for a "suitable" region of available : VA space. "Suitable" generally means it has to have a base address : within a certain limited range (a particular device model might : have odd limitations, for example), it has to be large enough, and : alignment has to be large enough (again, various devices may have : constraints that lead us to do this). : : This is of course subject to races with other threads in the process. : : Let's say it finds a region starting at va. : : b) Next it does: : p = mmap(va, ...) : : *without* setting MAP_FIXED, of course (so va is just a hint), to : attempt to safely reserve that region. If p != va, then in most cases, : this is a failure (almost certainly due to another thread getting a : mapping from that region before we did), and so this layer now has to : call munmap(), before returning a "failure: retry" to upper layers. : : IMPROVEMENT: --> if instead, we could call this: : : p = mmap(va, ... MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE ...) : : , then we could skip the munmap() call upon failure. This : is a small thing, but it is useful here. (Thanks to Piotr : Jaroszynski and Mark Hairgrove for helping me get that detail : exactly right, btw.) : : c) After that, CUDA suballocates from p, via: : : q = mmap(sub_region_start, ... MAP_FIXED ...) : : Interestingly enough, "freeing" is also done via MAP_FIXED, and : setting PROT_NONE to the subregion. Anyway, I just included (c) for : general interest. Atomic address range probing in the multithreaded programs in general sounds like an interesting thing to me. The second patch simply replaces MAP_FIXED use in elf loader by MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE. I believe other places which rely on MAP_FIXED should follow. Actually real MAP_FIXED usages should be docummented properly and they should be more of an exception. [1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171116101900.13621-1-mhocko@kernel.org [2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171129144219.22867-1-mhocko@kernel.org [3] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171107162217.382cd754@canb.auug.org.au [4] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1510048229.12079.7.camel@abdul.in.ibm.com [5] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171023082608.6167-1-mhocko@kernel.org [6] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171113094203.aofz2e7kueitk55y@dhcp22.suse.cz [7] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87efp1w7vy.fsf@concordia.ellerman.id.au This patch (of 2): MAP_FIXED is used quite often to enforce mapping at the particular range. The main problem of this flag is, however, that it is inherently dangerous because it unmaps existing mappings covered by the requested range. This can cause silent memory corruptions. Some of them even with serious security implications. While the current semantic might be really desiderable in many cases there are others which would want to enforce the given range but rather see a failure than a silent memory corruption on a clashing range. Please note that there is no guarantee that a given range is obeyed by the mmap even when it is free - e.g. arch specific code is allowed to apply an alignment. Introduce a new MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE flag for mmap to achieve this behavior. It has the same semantic as MAP_FIXED wrt. the given address request with a single exception that it fails with EEXIST if the requested address is already covered by an existing mapping. We still do rely on get_unmaped_area to handle all the arch specific MAP_FIXED treatment and check for a conflicting vma after it returns. The flag is introduced as a completely new one rather than a MAP_FIXED extension because of the backward compatibility. We really want a never-clobber semantic even on older kernels which do not recognize the flag. Unfortunately mmap sucks wrt. flags evaluation because we do not EINVAL on unknown flags. On those kernels we would simply use the traditional hint based semantic so the caller can still get a different address (which sucks) but at least not silently corrupt an existing mapping. I do not see a good way around that. [mpe@ellerman.id.au: fix whitespace] [fail on clashing range with EEXIST as per Florian Weimer] [set MAP_FIXED before round_hint_to_min as per Khalid Aziz] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171213092550.2774-2-mhocko@kernel.org Reviewed-by: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com> Cc: Russell King - ARM Linux <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com> Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Abdul Haleem <abdhalee@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Jason Evans <jasone@google.com> Cc: David Goldblatt <davidtgoldblatt@gmail.com> Cc: Edward Tomasz Napierała <trasz@FreeBSD.org> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11exec: pass stack rlimit into mm layout functionsKees Cook
Patch series "exec: Pin stack limit during exec". Attempts to solve problems with the stack limit changing during exec continue to be frustrated[1][2]. In addition to the specific issues around the Stack Clash family of flaws, Andy Lutomirski pointed out[3] other places during exec where the stack limit is used and is assumed to be unchanging. Given the many places it gets used and the fact that it can be manipulated/raced via setrlimit() and prlimit(), I think the only way to handle this is to move away from the "current" view of the stack limit and instead attach it to the bprm, and plumb this down into the functions that need to know the stack limits. This series implements the approach. [1] 04e35f4495dd ("exec: avoid RLIMIT_STACK races with prlimit()") [2] 779f4e1c6c7c ("Revert "exec: avoid RLIMIT_STACK races with prlimit()"") [3] to security@kernel.org, "Subject: existing rlimit races?" This patch (of 3): Since it is possible that the stack rlimit can change externally during exec (either via another thread calling setrlimit() or another process calling prlimit()), provide a way to pass the rlimit down into the per-architecture mm layout functions so that the rlimit can stay in the bprm structure instead of sitting in the signal structure until exec is finalized. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1518638796-20819-2-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk> Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: "Jason A. Donenfeld" <Jason@zx2c4.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com> Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11kasan, slub: fix handling of kasan_slab_free hookAndrey Konovalov
The kasan_slab_free hook's return value denotes whether the reuse of a slab object must be delayed (e.g. when the object is put into memory qurantine). The current way SLUB handles this hook is by ignoring its return value and hardcoding checks similar (but not exactly the same) to the ones performed in kasan_slab_free, which is prone to making mistakes. The main difference between the hardcoded checks and the ones in kasan_slab_free is whether we want to perform a free in case when an invalid-free or a double-free was detected (we don't). This patch changes the way SLUB handles this by: 1. taking into account the return value of kasan_slab_free for each of the objects, that are being freed; 2. reconstructing the freelist of objects to exclude the ones, whose reuse must be delayed. [andreyknvl@google.com: eliminate unnecessary branch in slab_free] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/a62759a2545fddf69b0c034547212ca1eb1b3ce2.1520359686.git.andreyknvl@google.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/083f58501e54731203801d899632d76175868e97.1519400992.git.andreyknvl@google.com Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com> Acked-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/thp: don't count ZONE_MOVABLE as the target for freepage reservingJoonsoo Kim
There was a regression report for "mm/cma: manage the memory of the CMA area by using the ZONE_MOVABLE" [1] and I think that it is related to this problem. CMA patchset makes the system use one more zone (ZONE_MOVABLE) and then increases min_free_kbytes. It reduces usable memory and it could cause regression. ZONE_MOVABLE only has movable pages so we don't need to keep enough freepages to avoid or deal with fragmentation. So, don't count it. This changes min_free_kbytes and thus min_watermark greatly if ZONE_MOVABLE is used. It will make the user uses more memory. System: 22GB ram, fakenuma, 2 nodes. 5 zones are used. Before: min_free_kbytes: 112640 zone_info (min_watermark): Node 0, zone DMA min 19 Node 0, zone DMA32 min 3778 Node 0, zone Normal min 10191 Node 0, zone Movable min 0 Node 0, zone Device min 0 Node 1, zone DMA min 0 Node 1, zone DMA32 min 0 Node 1, zone Normal min 14043 Node 1, zone Movable min 127 Node 1, zone Device min 0 After: min_free_kbytes: 90112 zone_info (min_watermark): Node 0, zone DMA min 15 Node 0, zone DMA32 min 3022 Node 0, zone Normal min 8152 Node 0, zone Movable min 0 Node 0, zone Device min 0 Node 1, zone DMA min 0 Node 1, zone DMA32 min 0 Node 1, zone Normal min 11234 Node 1, zone Movable min 102 Node 1, zone Device min 0 [1] (lkml.kernel.org/r/20180102063528.GG30397%20()%20yexl-desktop) Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1522913236-15776-1-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/cma: remove ALLOC_CMAJoonsoo Kim
Now, all reserved pages for CMA region are belong to the ZONE_MOVABLE and it only serves for a request with GFP_HIGHMEM && GFP_MOVABLE. Therefore, we don't need to maintain ALLOC_CMA at all. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1512114786-5085-3-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Reviewed-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org> Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/cma: manage the memory of the CMA area by using the ZONE_MOVABLEJoonsoo Kim
Patch series "mm/cma: manage the memory of the CMA area by using the ZONE_MOVABLE", v2. 0. History This patchset is the follow-up of the discussion about the "Introduce ZONE_CMA (v7)" [1]. Please reference it if more information is needed. 1. What does this patch do? This patch changes the management way for the memory of the CMA area in the MM subsystem. Currently the memory of the CMA area is managed by the zone where their pfn is belong to. However, this approach has some problems since MM subsystem doesn't have enough logic to handle the situation that different characteristic memories are in a single zone. To solve this issue, this patch try to manage all the memory of the CMA area by using the MOVABLE zone. In MM subsystem's point of view, characteristic of the memory on the MOVABLE zone and the memory of the CMA area are the same. So, managing the memory of the CMA area by using the MOVABLE zone will not have any problem. 2. Motivation There are some problems with current approach. See following. Although these problem would not be inherent and it could be fixed without this conception change, it requires many hooks addition in various code path and it would be intrusive to core MM and would be really error-prone. Therefore, I try to solve them with this new approach. Anyway, following is the problems of the current implementation. o CMA memory utilization First, following is the freepage calculation logic in MM. - For movable allocation: freepage = total freepage - For unmovable allocation: freepage = total freepage - CMA freepage Freepages on the CMA area is used after the normal freepages in the zone where the memory of the CMA area is belong to are exhausted. At that moment that the number of the normal freepages is zero, so - For movable allocation: freepage = total freepage = CMA freepage - For unmovable allocation: freepage = 0 If unmovable allocation comes at this moment, allocation request would fail to pass the watermark check and reclaim is started. After reclaim, there would exist the normal freepages so freepages on the CMA areas would not be used. FYI, there is another attempt [2] trying to solve this problem in lkml. And, as far as I know, Qualcomm also has out-of-tree solution for this problem. Useless reclaim: There is no logic to distinguish CMA pages in the reclaim path. Hence, CMA page is reclaimed even if the system just needs the page that can be usable for the kernel allocation. Atomic allocation failure: This is also related to the fallback allocation policy for the memory of the CMA area. Consider the situation that the number of the normal freepages is *zero* since the bunch of the movable allocation requests come. Kswapd would not be woken up due to following freepage calculation logic. - For movable allocation: freepage = total freepage = CMA freepage If atomic unmovable allocation request comes at this moment, it would fails due to following logic. - For unmovable allocation: freepage = total freepage - CMA freepage = 0 It was reported by Aneesh [3]. Useless compaction: Usual high-order allocation request is unmovable allocation request and it cannot be served from the memory of the CMA area. In compaction, migration scanner try to migrate the page in the CMA area and make high-order page there. As mentioned above, it cannot be usable for the unmovable allocation request so it's just waste. 3. Current approach and new approach Current approach is that the memory of the CMA area is managed by the zone where their pfn is belong to. However, these memory should be distinguishable since they have a strong limitation. So, they are marked as MIGRATE_CMA in pageblock flag and handled specially. However, as mentioned in section 2, the MM subsystem doesn't have enough logic to deal with this special pageblock so many problems raised. New approach is that the memory of the CMA area is managed by the MOVABLE zone. MM already have enough logic to deal with special zone like as HIGHMEM and MOVABLE zone. So, managing the memory of the CMA area by the MOVABLE zone just naturally work well because constraints for the memory of the CMA area that the memory should always be migratable is the same with the constraint for the MOVABLE zone. There is one side-effect for the usability of the memory of the CMA area. The use of MOVABLE zone is only allowed for a request with GFP_HIGHMEM && GFP_MOVABLE so now the memory of the CMA area is also only allowed for this gfp flag. Before this patchset, a request with GFP_MOVABLE can use them. IMO, It would not be a big issue since most of GFP_MOVABLE request also has GFP_HIGHMEM flag. For example, file cache page and anonymous page. However, file cache page for blockdev file is an exception. Request for it has no GFP_HIGHMEM flag. There is pros and cons on this exception. In my experience, blockdev file cache pages are one of the top reason that causes cma_alloc() to fail temporarily. So, we can get more guarantee of cma_alloc() success by discarding this case. Note that there is no change in admin POV since this patchset is just for internal implementation change in MM subsystem. Just one minor difference for admin is that the memory stat for CMA area will be printed in the MOVABLE zone. That's all. 4. Result Following is the experimental result related to utilization problem. 8 CPUs, 1024 MB, VIRTUAL MACHINE make -j16 <Before> CMA area: 0 MB 512 MB Elapsed-time: 92.4 186.5 pswpin: 82 18647 pswpout: 160 69839 <After> CMA : 0 MB 512 MB Elapsed-time: 93.1 93.4 pswpin: 84 46 pswpout: 183 92 akpm: "kernel test robot" reported a 26% improvement in vm-scalability.throughput: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180330012721.GA3845@yexl-desktop [1]: lkml.kernel.org/r/1491880640-9944-1-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com [2]: https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/15/623 [3]: http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-mm/msg100562.html Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1512114786-5085-2-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Reviewed-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org> Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/page_alloc: don't reserve ZONE_HIGHMEM for ZONE_MOVABLE requestJoonsoo Kim
Freepage on ZONE_HIGHMEM doesn't work for kernel memory so it's not that important to reserve. When ZONE_MOVABLE is used, this problem would theorectically cause to decrease usable memory for GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE allocation request which is mainly used for page cache and anon page allocation. So, fix it by setting 0 to sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio[ZONE_HIGHMEM]. And, defining sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio array by MAX_NR_ZONES - 1 size makes code complex. For example, if there is highmem system, following reserve ratio is activated for *NORMAL ZONE* which would be easyily misleading people. #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM 32 #endif This patch also fixes this situation by defining sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio array by MAX_NR_ZONES and place "#ifdef" to right place. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1504672525-17915-1-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Reviewed-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Tested-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org> Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: <linux-api@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm: unclutter THP migrationMichal Hocko
THP migration is hacked into the generic migration with rather surprising semantic. The migration allocation callback is supposed to check whether the THP can be migrated at once and if that is not the case then it allocates a simple page to migrate. unmap_and_move then fixes that up by spliting the THP into small pages while moving the head page to the newly allocated order-0 page. Remaning pages are moved to the LRU list by split_huge_page. The same happens if the THP allocation fails. This is really ugly and error prone [1]. I also believe that split_huge_page to the LRU lists is inherently wrong because all tail pages are not migrated. Some callers will just work around that by retrying (e.g. memory hotplug). There are other pfn walkers which are simply broken though. e.g. madvise_inject_error will migrate head and then advances next pfn by the huge page size. do_move_page_to_node_array, queue_pages_range (migrate_pages, mbind), will simply split the THP before migration if the THP migration is not supported then falls back to single page migration but it doesn't handle tail pages if the THP migration path is not able to allocate a fresh THP so we end up with ENOMEM and fail the whole migration which is a questionable behavior. Page compaction doesn't try to migrate large pages so it should be immune. This patch tries to unclutter the situation by moving the special THP handling up to the migrate_pages layer where it actually belongs. We simply split the THP page into the existing list if unmap_and_move fails with ENOMEM and retry. So we will _always_ migrate all THP subpages and specific migrate_pages users do not have to deal with this case in a special way. [1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171121021855.50525-1-zi.yan@sent.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180103082555.14592-4-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu> Cc: Andrea Reale <ar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm, migrate: remove reason argument from new_page_tMichal Hocko
No allocation callback is using this argument anymore. new_page_node used to use this parameter to convey node_id resp. migration error up to move_pages code (do_move_page_to_node_array). The error status never made it into the final status field and we have a better way to communicate node id to the status field now. All other allocation callbacks simply ignored the argument so we can drop it finally. [mhocko@suse.com: fix migration callback] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180105085259.GH2801@dhcp22.suse.cz [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix alloc_misplaced_dst_page()] [mhocko@kernel.org: fix build] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180103091134.GB11319@dhcp22.suse.cz Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180103082555.14592-3-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu> Cc: Andrea Reale <ar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm, numa: rework do_pages_moveMichal Hocko
Patch series "unclutter thp migration" Motivation: THP migration is hacked into the generic migration with rather surprising semantic. The migration allocation callback is supposed to check whether the THP can be migrated at once and if that is not the case then it allocates a simple page to migrate. unmap_and_move then fixes that up by splitting the THP into small pages while moving the head page to the newly allocated order-0 page. Remaining pages are moved to the LRU list by split_huge_page. The same happens if the THP allocation fails. This is really ugly and error prone [2]. I also believe that split_huge_page to the LRU lists is inherently wrong because all tail pages are not migrated. Some callers will just work around that by retrying (e.g. memory hotplug). There are other pfn walkers which are simply broken though. e.g. madvise_inject_error will migrate head and then advances next pfn by the huge page size. do_move_page_to_node_array, queue_pages_range (migrate_pages, mbind), will simply split the THP before migration if the THP migration is not supported then falls back to single page migration but it doesn't handle tail pages if the THP migration path is not able to allocate a fresh THP so we end up with ENOMEM and fail the whole migration which is a questionable behavior. Page compaction doesn't try to migrate large pages so it should be immune. The first patch reworks do_pages_move which relies on a very ugly calling semantic when the return status is pushed to the migration path via private pointer. It uses pre allocated fixed size batching to achieve that. We simply cannot do the same if a THP is to be split during the migration path which is done in the patch 3. Patch 2 is follow up cleanup which removes the mentioned return status calling convention ugliness. On a side note: There are some semantic issues I have encountered on the way when working on patch 1 but I am not addressing them here. E.g. trying to move THP tail pages will result in either success or EBUSY (the later one more likely once we isolate head from the LRU list). Hugetlb reports EACCESS on tail pages. Some errors are reported via status parameter but migration failures are not even though the original `reason' argument suggests there was an intention to do so. From a quick look into git history this never worked. I have tried to keep the semantic unchanged. Then there is a relatively minor thing that the page isolation might fail because of pages not being on the LRU - e.g. because they are sitting on the per-cpu LRU caches. Easily fixable. This patch (of 3): do_pages_move is supposed to move user defined memory (an array of addresses) to the user defined numa nodes (an array of nodes one for each address). The user provided status array then contains resulting numa node for each address or an error. The semantic of this function is little bit confusing because only some errors are reported back. Notably migrate_pages error is only reported via the return value. This patch doesn't try to address these semantic nuances but rather change the underlying implementation. Currently we are processing user input (which can be really large) in batches which are stored to a temporarily allocated page. Each address is resolved to its struct page and stored to page_to_node structure along with the requested target numa node. The array of these structures is then conveyed down the page migration path via private argument. new_page_node then finds the corresponding structure and allocates the proper target page. What is the problem with the current implementation and why to change it? Apart from being quite ugly it also doesn't cope with unexpected pages showing up on the migration list inside migrate_pages path. That doesn't happen currently but the follow up patch would like to make the thp migration code more clear and that would need to split a THP into the list for some cases. How does the new implementation work? Well, instead of batching into a fixed size array we simply batch all pages that should be migrated to the same node and isolate all of them into a linked list which doesn't require any additional storage. This should work reasonably well because page migration usually migrates larger ranges of memory to a specific node. So the common case should work equally well as the current implementation. Even if somebody constructs an input where the target numa nodes would be interleaved we shouldn't see a large performance impact because page migration alone doesn't really benefit from batching. mmap_sem batching for the lookup is quite questionable and isolate_lru_page which would benefit from batching is not using it even in the current implementation. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180103082555.14592-2-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Andrea Reale <ar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/swapfile.c: make pointer swap_avail_heads staticColin Ian King
The pointer swap_avail_heads is local to the source and does not need to be in global scope, so make it static. Cleans up sparse warning: mm/swapfile.c:88:19: warning: symbol 'swap_avail_heads' was not declared. Should it be static? Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180206215836.12366-1-colin.king@canonical.com Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11memcg: fix per_node_info cleanupMichal Hocko
syzbot has triggered a NULL ptr dereference when allocation fault injection enforces a failure and alloc_mem_cgroup_per_node_info initializes memcg->nodeinfo only half way through. But __mem_cgroup_free still tries to free all per-node data and dereferences pn->lruvec_stat_cpu unconditioanlly even if the specific per-node data hasn't been initialized. The bug is quite unlikely to hit because small allocations do not fail and we would need quite some numa nodes to make struct mem_cgroup_per_node large enough to cross the costly order. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406100906.17790-1-mhocko@kernel.org Reported-by: syzbot+8a5de3cce7cdc70e9ebe@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Fixes: 00f3ca2c2d66 ("mm: memcontrol: per-lruvec stats infrastructure") Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11swap: divide-by-zero when zero length swap file on ssdTom Abraham
Calling swapon() on a zero length swap file on SSD can lead to a divide-by-zero. Although creating such files isn't possible with mkswap and they woud be considered invalid, it would be better for the swapon code to be more robust and handle this condition gracefully (return -EINVAL). Especially since the fix is small and straightforward. To help with wear leveling on SSD, the swapon syscall calculates a random position in the swap file using modulo p->highest_bit, which is set to maxpages - 1 in read_swap_header. If the swap file is zero length, read_swap_header sets maxpages=1 and last_page=0, resulting in p->highest_bit=0 and we divide-by-zero when we modulo p->highest_bit in swapon syscall. This can be prevented by having read_swap_header return zero if last_page is zero. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/5AC747C1020000A7001FA82C@prv-mh.provo.novell.com Signed-off-by: Thomas Abraham <tabraham@suse.com> Reported-by: <Mark.Landis@Teradata.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm: memcg: make sure memory.events is uptodate when waking pollersJohannes Weiner
Commit a983b5ebee57 ("mm: memcontrol: fix excessive complexity in memory.stat reporting") added per-cpu drift to all memory cgroup stats and events shown in memory.stat and memory.events. For memory.stat this is acceptable. But memory.events issues file notifications, and somebody polling the file for changes will be confused when the counters in it are unchanged after a wakeup. Luckily, the events in memory.events - MEMCG_LOW, MEMCG_HIGH, MEMCG_MAX, MEMCG_OOM - are sufficiently rare and high-level that we don't need per-cpu buffering for them: MEMCG_HIGH and MEMCG_MAX would be the most frequent, but they're counting invocations of reclaim, which is a complex operation that touches many shared cachelines. This splits memory.events from the generic VM events and tracks them in their own, unbuffered atomic counters. That's also cleaner, as it eliminates the ugly enum nesting of VM and cgroup events. [hannes@cmpxchg.org: "array subscript is above array bounds"] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180406155441.GA20806@cmpxchg.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180405175507.GA24817@cmpxchg.org Fixes: a983b5ebee57 ("mm: memcontrol: fix excessive complexity in memory.stat reporting") Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reported-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/ksm.c: fix inconsistent accounting of zero pagesClaudio Imbrenda
When using KSM with use_zero_pages, we replace anonymous pages containing only zeroes with actual zero pages, which are not anonymous. We need to do proper accounting of the mm counters, otherwise we will get wrong values in /proc and a BUG message in dmesg when tearing down the mm. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1522931274-15552-1-git-send-email-imbrenda@linux.vnet.ibm.com Fixes: e86c59b1b1 ("mm/ksm: improve deduplication of zero pages with colouring") Signed-off-by: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/z3fold.c: use gfpflags_allow_blockingMatthew Wilcox
We have a perfectly good macro to determine whether the gfp flags allow you to sleep or not; use it instead of trying to infer it. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180408062206.GC16007@bombadil.infradead.org Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11z3fold: fix memory leakXidong Wang
In z3fold_create_pool(), the memory allocated by __alloc_percpu() is not released on the error path that pool->compact_wq , which holds the return value of create_singlethread_workqueue(), is NULL. This will result in a memory leak bug. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix oops on kzalloc() failure, check __alloc_percpu() retval] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1522803111-29209-1-git-send-email-wangxidong_97@163.com Signed-off-by: Xidong Wang <wangxidong_97@163.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11memcg, thp: do not invoke oom killer on thp chargesMichal Hocko
A THP memcg charge can trigger the oom killer since 2516035499b9 ("mm, thp: remove __GFP_NORETRY from khugepaged and madvised allocations"). We have used an explicit __GFP_NORETRY previously which ruled the OOM killer automagically. Memcg charge path should be semantically compliant with the allocation path and that means that if we do not trigger the OOM killer for costly orders which should do the same in the memcg charge path as well. Otherwise we are forcing callers to distinguish the two and use different gfp masks which is both non-intuitive and bug prone. As soon as we get a costly high order kmalloc user we even do not have any means to tell the memcg specific gfp mask to prevent from OOM because the charging is deep within guts of the slab allocator. The unexpected memcg OOM on THP has already been fixed upstream by 9d3c3354bb85 ("mm, thp: do not cause memcg oom for thp") but this is a one-off fix rather than a generic solution. Teach mem_cgroup_oom to bail out on costly order requests to fix the THP issue as well as any other costly OOM eligible allocations to be added in future. Also revert 9d3c3354bb85 because special gfp for THP is no longer needed. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180403193129.22146-1-mhocko@kernel.org Fixes: 2516035499b9 ("mm, thp: remove __GFP_NORETRY from khugepaged and madvised allocations") Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/migrate: properly preserve write attribute in special migrate entryRalph Campbell
Use of pte_write(pte) is only valid for present pte, the common code which set the migration entry can be reach for both valid present pte and special swap entry (for device memory). Fix the code to use the mpfn value which properly handle both cases. On x86 this did not have any bad side effect because pte write bit is below PAGE_BIT_GLOBAL and thus special swap entry have it set to 0 which in turn means we were always creating read only special migration entry. So once migration did finish we always write protected the CPU page table entry (moreover this is only an issue when migrating from device memory to system memory). End effect is that CPU write access would fault again and restore write permission. This behaviour isn't too bad; it just burns CPU cycles by forcing CPU to take a second fault on write access. ie, double faulting the same address. There is no corruption or incorrect states (it behaves as a COWed page from a fork with a mapcount of 1). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180402023506.12180-1-jglisse@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11sched/numa: avoid trapping faults and attempting migration of file-backed ↵Mel Gorman
dirty pages change_pte_range is called from task work context to mark PTEs for receiving NUMA faulting hints. If the marked pages are dirty then migration may fail. Some filesystems cannot migrate dirty pages without blocking so are skipped in MIGRATE_ASYNC mode which just wastes CPU. Even when they can, it can be a waste of cycles when the pages are shared forcing higher scan rates. This patch avoids marking shared dirty pages for hinting faults but also will skip a migration if the page was dirtied after the scanner updated a clean page. This is most noticeable running the NASA Parallel Benchmark when backed by btrfs, the default root filesystem for some distributions, but also noticeable when using XFS. The following are results from a 4-socket machine running a 4.16-rc4 kernel with some scheduler patches that are pending for the next merge window. 4.16.0-rc4 4.16.0-rc4 schedtip-20180309 nodirty-v1 Time cg.D 459.07 ( 0.00%) 444.21 ( 3.24%) Time ep.D 76.96 ( 0.00%) 77.69 ( -0.95%) Time is.D 25.55 ( 0.00%) 27.85 ( -9.00%) Time lu.D 601.58 ( 0.00%) 596.87 ( 0.78%) Time mg.D 107.73 ( 0.00%) 108.22 ( -0.45%) is.D regresses slightly in terms of absolute time but note that that particular load varies quite a bit from run to run. The more relevant observation is the total system CPU usage. 4.16.0-rc4 4.16.0-rc4 schedtip-20180309 nodirty-v1 User 71471.91 70627.04 System 11078.96 8256.13 Elapsed 661.66 632.74 That is a substantial drop in system CPU usage and overall the workload completes faster. The NUMA balancing statistics are also interesting NUMA base PTE updates 111407972 139848884 NUMA huge PMD updates 206506 264869 NUMA page range updates 217139044 275461812 NUMA hint faults 4300924 3719784 NUMA hint local faults 3012539 3416618 NUMA hint local percent 70 91 NUMA pages migrated 1517487 1358420 While more PTEs are scanned due to changes in what faults are gathered, it's clear that a far higher percentage of faults are local as the bulk of the remote hits were dirty pages that, in this case with btrfs, had no chance of migrating. The following is a comparison when using XFS as that is a more realistic filesystem choice for a data partition 4.16.0-rc4 4.16.0-rc4 schedtip-20180309 nodirty-v1r47 Time cg.D 485.28 ( 0.00%) 442.62 ( 8.79%) Time ep.D 77.68 ( 0.00%) 77.54 ( 0.18%) Time is.D 26.44 ( 0.00%) 24.79 ( 6.24%) Time lu.D 597.46 ( 0.00%) 597.11 ( 0.06%) Time mg.D 142.65 ( 0.00%) 105.83 ( 25.81%) That is a reasonable gain on two relatively long-lived workloads. While not presented, there is also a substantial drop in system CPu usage and the NUMA balancing stats show similar improvements in locality as btrfs did. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180326094334.zserdec62gwmmfqf@techsingularity.net Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/hmm.c: remove superfluous RCU protection around radix tree lookupTejun Heo
hmm_devmem_find() requires rcu_read_lock_held() but there's nothing which actually uses the RCU protection. The only caller is hmm_devmem_pages_create() which already grabs the mutex and does superfluous rcu_read_lock/unlock() around the function. This doesn't add anything and just adds to confusion. Remove the RCU protection and open-code the radix tree lookup. If this needs to become more sophisticated in the future, let's add them back when necessary. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180314194515.1661824-4-tj@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/hmm: use device driver encoding for HMM pfnJérôme Glisse
Users of hmm_vma_fault() and hmm_vma_get_pfns() provide a flags array and pfn shift value allowing them to define their own encoding for HMM pfn that are fill inside the pfns array of the hmm_range struct. With this device driver can get pfn that match their own private encoding out of HMM without having to do any conversion. [rcampbell@nvidia.com: don't ignore specific pte fault flag in hmm_vma_fault()] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180326213009.2460-2-jglisse@redhat.com [rcampbell@nvidia.com: clarify fault logic for device private memory] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180326213009.2460-3-jglisse@redhat.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180323005527.758-16-jglisse@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Evgeny Baskakov <ebaskakov@nvidia.com> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mark Hairgrove <mhairgrove@nvidia.com> Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-04-11mm/hmm: change hmm_vma_fault() to allow write fault on page basisJérôme Glisse
This changes hmm_vma_fault() to not take a global write fault flag for a range but instead rely on caller to populate HMM pfns array with proper fault flag ie HMM_PFN_VALID if driver want read fault for that address or HMM_PFN_VALID and HMM_PFN_WRITE for write. Moreover by setting HMM_PFN_DEVICE_PRIVATE the device driver can ask for device private memory to be migrated back to system memory through page fault. This is more flexible API and it better reflects how device handles and reports fault. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180323005527.758-15-jglisse@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: Evgeny Baskakov <ebaskakov@nvidia.com> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mark Hairgrove <mhairgrove@nvidia.com> Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>