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In raid5 plugging is used for 2 things:
1/ collecting writes that require a bitmap update
2/ collecting writes in the hope that we can create full
stripes - or at least more-full.
We now release these different sets of stripes when plug_cnt
is zero.
Also in make_request, we call mddev_check_plug to hopefully increase
plug_cnt, and wake up the thread at the end if plugging wasn't
achieved for some reason.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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md has some plugging infrastructure for RAID5 to use because the
normal plugging infrastructure required a 'request_queue', and when
called from dm, RAID5 doesn't have one of those available.
This relied on the ->unplug_fn callback which doesn't exist any more.
So remove all of that code, both in md and raid5. Subsequent patches
with restore the plugging functionality.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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md/raid submits a lot of IO from the various raid threads.
So adding start/finish plug calls to those so that some
plugging happens.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Code has been converted over to the new explicit on-stack plugging,
and delay users have been converted to use the new API for that.
So lets kill off the old plugging along with aops->sync_page().
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
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As spares can be added manually before a reshape starts, we need to
find them all to mark some of them as in_sync.
Previously we would abort looking for spares when we found an
unallocated spare what could not be added to the array (implying there
was no room for new spares). However already-added spares could be
later in the list, so we need to keep searching.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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As spares can be added to the array before the reshape is started,
we need to find and count them when checking there are enough.
The array could have been degraded, so we need to check all devices,
no just those out side of the range of devices in the array before
the reshape.
So instead of checking the index, check the In_sync flag as that
reliably tells if the device is a spare or this purpose.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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There are two consecutive 'if' statements.
if (mddev->delta_disks >= 0)
....
if (mddev->delta_disks > 0)
The code in the second is equally valid if delta_disks == 0, and these
two statements are the only place that 'added_devices' is used.
So make them a single if statement, make added_devices a local
variable, and re-indent it all.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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It is possible to manually add spares to specific slots before
starting a reshape.
raid5_start_reshape should recognised this possibility and include
it in the accounting.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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mddev->curr_resync has artificial values of '1' and '2' which are used
by the code which ensures only one resync is happening at a time on
any given device.
These values are internal and should never be exposed to user-space
(except when translated appropriately as in the 'pending' status in
/proc/mdstat).
Unfortunately they are as ->curr_resync is assigned to
->curr_resync_completed and that value is directly visible through
sysfs.
So change the assignments to ->curr_resync_completed to get the same
valued from elsewhere in a form that doesn't have the magic '1' or '2'
values.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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With the module parameter 'start_dirty_degraded' set,
raid5_spare_active() previously called sysfs_notify_dirent() with a NULL
argument (rdev->sysfs_state) when a rebuild finished.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
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Noticed-by: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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bio_clone and bio_alloc allocate from a common bio pool.
If an md device is stacked with other devices that use this pool, or under
something like swap which uses the pool, then the multiple calls on
the pool can cause deadlocks.
So allocate a local bio pool for each md array and use that rather
than the common pool.
This pool is used both for regular IO and metadata updates.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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bitmap_get_counter returns the number of sectors covered
by the counter in a pass-by-reference variable.
In some cases this can be very large, so make it a sector_t
for safety.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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This patch converts md to support REQ_FLUSH/FUA instead of now
deprecated REQ_HARDBARRIER. In the core part (md.c), the following
changes are notable.
* Unlike REQ_HARDBARRIER, REQ_FLUSH/FUA don't interfere with
processing of other requests and thus there is no reason to mark the
queue congested while FLUSH/FUA is in progress.
* REQ_FLUSH/FUA failures are final and its users don't need retry
logic. Retry logic is removed.
* Preflush needs to be issued to all member devices but FUA writes can
be handled the same way as other writes - their processing can be
deferred to request_queue of member devices. md_barrier_request()
is renamed to md_flush_request() and simplified accordingly.
For linear, raid0 and multipath, the core changes are enough. raid1,
5 and 10 need the following conversions.
* raid1: Handling of FLUSH/FUA bio's can simply be deferred to
request_queues of member devices. Barrier related logic removed.
* raid5: Queue draining logic dropped. FUA bit is propagated through
biodrain and stripe resconstruction such that all the updated parts
of the stripe are written out with FUA writes if any of the dirtying
writes was FUA. preread_active_stripes handling in make_request()
is updated as suggested by Neil Brown.
* raid10: FUA bit needs to be propagated to write clones.
linear, raid0, 1, 5 and 10 tested.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
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md_check_recovery expects ->spare_active to return 'true' if any
spares were activated, but none of them do, so the consequent change
in 'degraded' is not notified through sysfs.
So count the number of spares activated, subtract it from 'degraded'
just once, and return it.
Reported-by: Adrian Drzewiecki <adriand@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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When RAID1 is done syncing disks, it'll update the state
of synced rdevs to In_sync. But it neglected to notify
sysfs that the attribute changed. So any programs that
are waiting for an rdev's state to change will not be
woken.
(raid5/raid10 added by neilb)
Signed-off-by: Adrian Drzewiecki <adriand@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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* 'for-linus' of git://neil.brown.name/md: (24 commits)
md: clean up do_md_stop
md: fix another deadlock with removing sysfs attributes.
md: move revalidate_disk() back outside open_mutex
md/raid10: fix deadlock with unaligned read during resync
md/bitmap: separate out loading a bitmap from initialising the structures.
md/bitmap: prepare for storing write-intent-bitmap via dm-dirty-log.
md/bitmap: optimise scanning of empty bitmaps.
md/bitmap: clean up plugging calls.
md/bitmap: reduce dependence on sysfs.
md/bitmap: white space clean up and similar.
md/raid5: export raid5 unplugging interface.
md/plug: optionally use plugger to unplug an array during resync/recovery.
md/raid5: add simple plugging infrastructure.
md/raid5: export is_congested test
raid5: Don't set read-ahead when there is no queue
md: add support for raising dm events.
md: export various start/stop interfaces
md: split out md_rdev_init
md: be more careful setting MD_CHANGE_CLEAN
md/raid5: ensure we create a unique name for kmem_cache when mddev has no gendisk
...
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Remove the current bio flags and reuse the request flags for the bio, too.
This allows to more easily trace the type of I/O from the filesystem
down to the block driver. There were two flags in the bio that were
missing in the requests: BIO_RW_UNPLUG and BIO_RW_AHEAD. Also I've
renamed two request flags that had a superflous RW in them.
Note that the flags are in bio.h despite having the REQ_ name - as
blkdev.h includes bio.h that is the only way to go for now.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
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Also remove remaining accesses to ->queue and ->gendisk when ->queue
is NULL (As it is in a DM target).
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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If an array doesn't have a 'queue' then md_do_sync cannot
unplug it.
In that case it will have a 'plugger', so make that available
to the mddev, and use it to unplug the array if needed.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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md/raid5 uses the plugging infrastructure provided by the block layer
and 'struct request_queue'. However when we plug raid5 under dm there
is no request queue so we cannot use that.
So create a similar infrastructure that is much lighter weight and use
it for raid5.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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the dm module will need this for dm-raid45.
Also only access ->queue->backing_dev_info->congested_fn
if ->queue actually exists. It won't in a dm target.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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dm-raid456 does not provide a 'queue' for raid5 to use,
so we must make raid5 stop depending on the queue.
First: read_ahead
dm handles read-ahead adjustment fully in userspace, so
simply don't do any readahead adjustments if there is
no queue.
Also re-arrange code slightly so all the accesses to ->queue are
together.
Finally, move the blk_queue_merge_bvec function into the 'if' as
the ->split_io setting in dm-raid456 has the same effect.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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gendisk
We will shortly allow md devices with no gendisk (they are attached to
a dm-target instead). That will cause mdname() to return 'mdX'.
There is one place where mdname really needs to be unique: when
creating the name for a slab cache.
So in that case, if there is no gendisk, you the address of the mddev
formatted in HEX to provide a unique name.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Separate the actual 'change' code from the sysfs interface
so that it can eventually be called internally.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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We will want md devices to live as dm targets where sysfs is not
visible. So allow md to not connect to sysfs.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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There are few situations where it would make any sense to add a spare
when reducing the number of devices in an array, but it is
conceivable: A 6 drive RAID6 with two missing devices could be
reshaped to a 5 drive RAID6, and a spare could become available
just in time for the reshape, but not early enough to have been
recovered first. 'freezing' recovery can make this easy to
do without any races.
However doing such a thing is a bad idea. md will not record the
partially-recovered state of the 'spare' and when the reshape
finished it will think that the spare is still spare.
Easiest way to avoid this confusion is to simply disallow it.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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As the comment says, the tail of this loop only applies to devices
that are not fully in sync, so if In_sync was set, we should avoid
the rest of the loop.
This bug will hardly ever cause an actual problem. The worst it
can do is allow an array to be assembled that is dirty and degraded,
which is not generally a good idea (without warning the sysadmin
first).
This will only happen if the array is RAID4 or a RAID5/6 in an
intermediate state during a reshape and so has one drive that is
all 'parity' - no data - while some other device has failed.
This is certainly possible, but not at all common.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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During a recovery of reshape the early part of some devices might be
in-sync while the later parts are not.
We we know we are looking at an early part it is good to treat that
part as in-sync for stripe calculations.
This is particularly important for a reshape which suffers device
failure. Treating the data as in-sync can mean the difference between
data-safety and data-loss.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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When we are reshaping an array, the device failure combinations
that cause us to decide that the array as failed are more subtle.
In particular, any 'spare' will be fully in-sync in the section
of the array that has already been reshaped, thus failures that
affect only that section are less critical.
So encode this subtlety in a new function and call it as appropriate.
The case that showed this problem was a 4 drive RAID5 to 8 drive RAID6
conversion where the last two devices failed.
This resulted in:
good good good good incomplete good good failed failed
while converting a 5-drive RAID6 to 8 drive RAID5
The incomplete device causes the whole array to look bad,
bad as it was actually good for the section that had been
converted to 8-drives, all the data was actually safe.
Reported-by: Terry Morris <tbmorris@tbmorris.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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When an array is reshaped to have fewer devices, the reshape proceeds
from the end of the devices to the beginning.
If a device happens to be non-In_sync (which is possible but rare)
we would normally update the ->recovery_offset as the reshape
progresses. However that would be wrong as the recover_offset records
that the early part of the device is in_sync, while in fact it would
only be the later part that is in_sync, and in any case the offset
number would be measured from the wrong end of the device.
Relatedly, if after a reshape a spare is discovered to not be
recoverred all the way to the end, not allow spare_active
to incorporate it in the array.
This becomes relevant in the following sample scenario:
A 4 drive RAID5 is converted to a 6 drive RAID6 in a combined
operation.
The RAID5->RAID6 conversion will cause a 5 drive to be included as a
spare, then the 5drive -> 6drive reshape will effectively rebuild that
spare as it progresses. The 6th drive is treated as in_sync the whole
time as there is never any case that we might consider reading from
it, but must not because there is no valid data.
If we interrupt this reshape part-way through and reverse it to return
to a 5-drive RAID6 (or event a 4-drive RAID5), we don't want to update
the recovery_offset - as that would be wrong - and we don't want to
include that spare as active in the 5-drive RAID6 when the reversed
reshape completed and it will be mostly out-of-sync still.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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The entries in the stripe_cache maintained by raid5 are enlarged
when we increased the number of devices in the array, but not
shrunk when we reduce the number of devices.
So if entries are added after reducing the number of devices, we
much ensure to initialise the whole entry, not just the part that
is currently relevant. Otherwise if we enlarge the array again,
we will reference uninitialised values.
As grow_buffers/shrink_buffer now want to use a count that is stored
explicity in the raid_conf, they should get it from there rather than
being passed it as a parameter.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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By the previous modification, the cpu notifier can return encapsulate
errno value. This converts the cpu notifiers for raid5.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Conflicts:
drivers/md/md.c
- Resolved conflict in md_update_sb
- Added extra 'NULL' arg to new instance of sysfs_get_dirent.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Fix: Raid-6 was not trying to correct a read-error when in
singly-degraded state and was instead dropping one more device, going to
doubly-degraded state. This patch fixes this behaviour.
Tested-by: Janos Haar <janos.haar@netcenter.hu>
Signed-off-by: Gabriele A. Trombetti <g.trombetti.lkrnl1213@logicschema.com>
Reported-by: Janos Haar <janos.haar@netcenter.hu>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
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Many 'printk' messages from the raid456 module mention 'raid5' even
though it may be a 'raid6' or even 'raid4' array. This can cause
confusion.
Also the actual array name is not always reported and when it is
it is not reported consistently.
So change all the messages to start:
md/raid:%s:
where '%s' becomes e.g. md3 to identify the particular array.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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For consistency allow raid4 to takeover raid0 in addition to raid5 (with a
raid4 layout).
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
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We used to pass the personality make_request function direct
to the block layer so the first argument had to be a queue.
But now we have the intermediary md_make_request so it makes
at lot more sense to pass a struct mddev_s.
It makes it possible to have an mddev without its own queue too.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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We set ->changed to 1 and call check_disk_change at the end
of md_open so that bd_invalidated would be set and thus
partition rescan would happen appropriately.
Now that we call revalidate_disk directly, which sets bd_invalidates,
that indirection is no longer needed and can be removed.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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While I generally prefer letting personalities do as much as possible,
given that we have a central md_make_request anyway we may as well use
it to simplify code.
Also this centralises knowledge of ->gendisk which will help later.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Diving through ->queue to find mddev is unnecessarily complex - there
is an easier path to finding mddev, so use that.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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This is unlikely to be wanted, but we may as well provide it
for completeness.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Signed-off-by: Maciej Trela <maciej.trela@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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void pointers do not need to be cast to other pointer types.
Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Some levels expect the 'redundancy group' to be present,
others don't.
So when we change level of an array we might need to
add or remove this group.
This requires fixing up the current practice of overloading ->private
to indicate (when ->pers == NULL) that something needs to be removed.
So create a new ->to_remove to fill that role.
When changing levels, we may need to add or remove attributes. When
changing RAID5 -> RAID6, we both add and remove the same thing. It is
important to catch this and optimise it out as the removal is delayed
until a lock is released, so trying to add immediately would cause
problems.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
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Fix: Raid-6 was not trying to correct a read-error when in
singly-degraded state and was instead dropping one more device, going to
doubly-degraded state. This patch fixes this behaviour.
Tested-by: Janos Haar <janos.haar@netcenter.hu>
Signed-off-by: Gabriele A. Trombetti <g.trombetti.lkrnl1213@logicschema.com>
Reported-by: Janos Haar <janos.haar@netcenter.hu>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
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Previous patch changes stripe and chunk_number to sector_t but
mistakenly did not update all of the divisions to use sector_dev().
This patch changes all the those divisions (actually the '%' operator)
to sector_div.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Tested-by: Stefan Lippers-Hollmann <s.l-h@gmx.de>
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With many large drives and small chunk sizes it is possible
to create a RAID5 with more than 2^31 chunks. Make sure this
works.
Reported-by: Brett King <king.br@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
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implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
percpu: add __percpu sparse annotations to what's left
percpu: add __percpu sparse annotations to fs
percpu: add __percpu sparse annotations to core kernel subsystems
local_t: Remove leftover local.h
this_cpu: Remove pageset_notifier
this_cpu: Page allocator conversion
percpu, x86: Generic inc / dec percpu instructions
local_t: Move local.h include to ringbuffer.c and ring_buffer_benchmark.c
module: Use this_cpu_xx to dynamically allocate counters
local_t: Remove cpu_local_xx macros
percpu: refactor the code in pcpu_[de]populate_chunk()
percpu: remove compile warnings caused by __verify_pcpu_ptr()
percpu: make accessors check for percpu pointer in sparse
percpu: add __percpu for sparse.
percpu: make access macros universal
percpu: remove per_cpu__ prefix.
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