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Merge active entropy generation updates.
This is admittedly partly "for discussion". We need to have a way
forward for the boot time deadlocks where user space ends up waiting for
more entropy, but no entropy is forthcoming because the system is
entirely idle just waiting for something to happen.
While this was triggered by what is arguably a user space bug with
GDM/gnome-session asking for secure randomness during early boot, when
they didn't even need any such truly secure thing, the issue ends up
being that our "getrandom()" interface is prone to that kind of
confusion, because people don't think very hard about whether they want
to block for sufficient amounts of entropy.
The approach here-in is to decide to not just passively wait for entropy
to happen, but to start actively collecting it if it is missing. This
is not necessarily always possible, but if the architecture has a CPU
cycle counter, there is a fair amount of noise in the exact timings of
reasonably complex loads.
We may end up tweaking the load and the entropy estimates, but this
should be at least a reasonable starting point.
As part of this, we also revert the revert of the ext4 IO pattern
improvement that ended up triggering the reported lack of external
entropy.
* getrandom() active entropy waiting:
Revert "Revert "ext4: make __ext4_get_inode_loc plug""
random: try to actively add entropy rather than passively wait for it
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For 5.3 we had to revert a nice ext4 IO pattern improvement, because it
caused a bootup regression due to lack of entropy at bootup together
with arguably broken user space that was asking for secure random
numbers when it really didn't need to.
See commit 72dbcf721566 (Revert "ext4: make __ext4_get_inode_loc plug").
This aims to solve the issue by actively generating entropy noise using
the CPU cycle counter when waiting for the random number generator to
initialize. This only works when you have a high-frequency time stamp
counter available, but that's the case on all modern x86 CPU's, and on
most other modern CPU's too.
What we do is to generate jitter entropy from the CPU cycle counter
under a somewhat complex load: calling the scheduler while also
guaranteeing a certain amount of timing noise by also triggering a
timer.
I'm sure we can tweak this, and that people will want to look at other
alternatives, but there's been a number of papers written on jitter
entropy, and this should really be fairly conservative by crediting one
bit of entropy for every timer-induced jump in the cycle counter. Not
because the timer itself would be all that unpredictable, but because
the interaction between the timer and the loop is going to be.
Even if (and perhaps particularly if) the timer actually happens on
another CPU, the cacheline interaction between the loop that reads the
cycle counter and the timer itself firing is going to add perturbations
to the cycle counter values that get mixed into the entropy pool.
As Thomas pointed out, with a modern out-of-order CPU, even quite simple
loops show a fair amount of hard-to-predict timing variability even in
the absense of external interrupts. But this tries to take that further
by actually having a fairly complex interaction.
This is not going to solve the entropy issue for architectures that have
no CPU cycle counter, but it's not clear how (and if) that is solvable,
and the hardware in question is largely starting to be irrelevant. And
by doing this we can at least avoid some of the even more contentious
approaches (like making the entropy waiting time out in order to avoid
the possibly unbounded waiting).
Cc: Ahmed Darwish <darwish.07@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Nicholas Mc Guire <hofrat@opentech.at>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: Alexander E. Patrakov <patrakov@gmail.com>
Cc: Lennart Poettering <mzxreary@0pointer.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security
Pull kernel lockdown mode from James Morris:
"This is the latest iteration of the kernel lockdown patchset, from
Matthew Garrett, David Howells and others.
From the original description:
This patchset introduces an optional kernel lockdown feature,
intended to strengthen the boundary between UID 0 and the kernel.
When enabled, various pieces of kernel functionality are restricted.
Applications that rely on low-level access to either hardware or the
kernel may cease working as a result - therefore this should not be
enabled without appropriate evaluation beforehand.
The majority of mainstream distributions have been carrying variants
of this patchset for many years now, so there's value in providing a
doesn't meet every distribution requirement, but gets us much closer
to not requiring external patches.
There are two major changes since this was last proposed for mainline:
- Separating lockdown from EFI secure boot. Background discussion is
covered here: https://lwn.net/Articles/751061/
- Implementation as an LSM, with a default stackable lockdown LSM
module. This allows the lockdown feature to be policy-driven,
rather than encoding an implicit policy within the mechanism.
The new locked_down LSM hook is provided to allow LSMs to make a
policy decision around whether kernel functionality that would allow
tampering with or examining the runtime state of the kernel should be
permitted.
The included lockdown LSM provides an implementation with a simple
policy intended for general purpose use. This policy provides a coarse
level of granularity, controllable via the kernel command line:
lockdown={integrity|confidentiality}
Enable the kernel lockdown feature. If set to integrity, kernel features
that allow userland to modify the running kernel are disabled. If set to
confidentiality, kernel features that allow userland to extract
confidential information from the kernel are also disabled.
This may also be controlled via /sys/kernel/security/lockdown and
overriden by kernel configuration.
New or existing LSMs may implement finer-grained controls of the
lockdown features. Refer to the lockdown_reason documentation in
include/linux/security.h for details.
The lockdown feature has had signficant design feedback and review
across many subsystems. This code has been in linux-next for some
weeks, with a few fixes applied along the way.
Stephen Rothwell noted that commit 9d1f8be5cf42 ("bpf: Restrict bpf
when kernel lockdown is in confidentiality mode") is missing a
Signed-off-by from its author. Matthew responded that he is providing
this under category (c) of the DCO"
* 'next-lockdown' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: (31 commits)
kexec: Fix file verification on S390
security: constify some arrays in lockdown LSM
lockdown: Print current->comm in restriction messages
efi: Restrict efivar_ssdt_load when the kernel is locked down
tracefs: Restrict tracefs when the kernel is locked down
debugfs: Restrict debugfs when the kernel is locked down
kexec: Allow kexec_file() with appropriate IMA policy when locked down
lockdown: Lock down perf when in confidentiality mode
bpf: Restrict bpf when kernel lockdown is in confidentiality mode
lockdown: Lock down tracing and perf kprobes when in confidentiality mode
lockdown: Lock down /proc/kcore
x86/mmiotrace: Lock down the testmmiotrace module
lockdown: Lock down module params that specify hardware parameters (eg. ioport)
lockdown: Lock down TIOCSSERIAL
lockdown: Prohibit PCMCIA CIS storage when the kernel is locked down
acpi: Disable ACPI table override if the kernel is locked down
acpi: Ignore acpi_rsdp kernel param when the kernel has been locked down
ACPI: Limit access to custom_method when the kernel is locked down
x86/msr: Restrict MSR access when the kernel is locked down
x86: Lock down IO port access when the kernel is locked down
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tpm_send() does not give anymore the result back to the caller. This
would require another memcpy(), which kind of tells that the whole
approach is somewhat broken. Instead, as Mimi suggested, this commit
just wraps the data to the tpm_buf, and thus the result will not go to
the garbage.
Obviously this assumes from the caller that it passes large enough
buffer, which makes the whole API somewhat broken because it could be
different size than @buflen but since trusted keys is the only module
using this API right now I think that this fix is sufficient for the
moment.
In the near future the plan is to replace the parameters with a tpm_buf
created by the caller.
Reported-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Suggested-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 412eb585587a ("use tpm_buf in tpm_transmit_cmd() as the IO parameter")
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jerry Snitselaar <jsnitsel@redhat.com>
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Commit 0b6cf6b97b7e ("tpm: pass an array of tpm_extend_digest structures to
tpm_pcr_extend()") modifies tpm_pcr_extend() to accept a digest for each
PCR bank. After modification, tpm_pcr_extend() expects that digests are
passed in the same order as the algorithms set in chip->allocated_banks.
This patch fixes two issues introduced in the last iterations of the patch
set: missing initialization of the TPM algorithm ID in the tpm_digest
structures passed to tpm_pcr_extend() by the trusted key module, and
unreleased locks in the TPM driver due to returning from tpm_pcr_extend()
without calling tpm_put_ops().
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 0b6cf6b97b7e ("tpm: pass an array of tpm_extend_digest structures to tpm_pcr_extend()")
Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com>
Suggested-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jerry Snitselaar <jsnitsel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
"Enumeration:
- Consolidate _HPP/_HPX stuff in pci-acpi.c and simplify it
(Krzysztof Wilczynski)
- Fix incorrect PCIe device types and remove dev->has_secondary_link
to simplify code that deals with upstream/downstream ports (Mika
Westerberg)
- After suspend, restore Resizable BAR size bits correctly for 1MB
BARs (Sumit Saxena)
- Enable PCI_MSI_IRQ_DOMAIN support for RISC-V (Wesley Terpstra)
Virtualization:
- Add ACS quirks for iProc PAXB (Abhinav Ratna), Amazon Annapurna
Labs (Ali Saidi)
- Move sysfs SR-IOV functions to iov.c (Kelsey Skunberg)
- Remove group write permissions from sysfs sriov_numvfs,
sriov_drivers_autoprobe (Kelsey Skunberg)
Hotplug:
- Simplify pciehp indicator control (Denis Efremov)
Peer-to-peer DMA:
- Allow P2P DMA between root ports for whitelisted bridges (Logan
Gunthorpe)
- Whitelist some Intel host bridges for P2P DMA (Logan Gunthorpe)
- DMA map P2P DMA requests that traverse host bridge (Logan
Gunthorpe)
Amazon Annapurna Labs host bridge driver:
- Add DT binding and controller driver (Jonathan Chocron)
Hyper-V host bridge driver:
- Fix hv_pci_dev->pci_slot use-after-free (Dexuan Cui)
- Fix PCI domain number collisions (Haiyang Zhang)
- Use instance ID bytes 4 & 5 as PCI domain numbers (Haiyang Zhang)
- Fix build errors on non-SYSFS config (Randy Dunlap)
i.MX6 host bridge driver:
- Limit DBI register length (Stefan Agner)
Intel VMD host bridge driver:
- Fix config addressing issues (Jon Derrick)
Layerscape host bridge driver:
- Add bar_fixed_64bit property to endpoint driver (Xiaowei Bao)
- Add CONFIG_PCI_LAYERSCAPE_EP to build EP/RC drivers separately
(Xiaowei Bao)
Mediatek host bridge driver:
- Add MT7629 controller support (Jianjun Wang)
Mobiveil host bridge driver:
- Fix CPU base address setup (Hou Zhiqiang)
- Make "num-lanes" property optional (Hou Zhiqiang)
Tegra host bridge driver:
- Fix OF node reference leak (Nishka Dasgupta)
- Disable MSI for root ports to work around design problem (Vidya
Sagar)
- Add Tegra194 DT binding and controller support (Vidya Sagar)
- Add support for sideband pins and slot regulators (Vidya Sagar)
- Add PIPE2UPHY support (Vidya Sagar)
Misc:
- Remove unused pci_block_cfg_access() et al (Kelsey Skunberg)
- Unexport pci_bus_get(), etc (Kelsey Skunberg)
- Hide PM, VC, link speed, ATS, ECRC, PTM constants and interfaces in
the PCI core (Kelsey Skunberg)
- Clean up sysfs DEVICE_ATTR() usage (Kelsey Skunberg)
- Mark expected switch fall-through (Gustavo A. R. Silva)
- Propagate errors for optional regulators and PHYs (Thierry Reding)
- Fix kernel command line resource_alignment parameter issues (Logan
Gunthorpe)"
* tag 'pci-v5.4-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (112 commits)
PCI: Add pci_irq_vector() and other stubs when !CONFIG_PCI
arm64: tegra: Add PCIe slot supply information in p2972-0000 platform
arm64: tegra: Add configuration for PCIe C5 sideband signals
PCI: tegra: Add support to enable slot regulators
PCI: tegra: Add support to configure sideband pins
PCI: vmd: Fix shadow offsets to reflect spec changes
PCI: vmd: Fix config addressing when using bus offsets
PCI: dwc: Add validation that PCIe core is set to correct mode
PCI: dwc: al: Add Amazon Annapurna Labs PCIe controller driver
dt-bindings: PCI: Add Amazon's Annapurna Labs PCIe host bridge binding
PCI: Add quirk to disable MSI-X support for Amazon's Annapurna Labs Root Port
PCI/VPD: Prevent VPD access for Amazon's Annapurna Labs Root Port
PCI: Add ACS quirk for Amazon Annapurna Labs root ports
PCI: Add Amazon's Annapurna Labs vendor ID
MAINTAINERS: Add PCI native host/endpoint controllers designated reviewer
PCI: hv: Use bytes 4 and 5 from instance ID as the PCI domain numbers
dt-bindings: PCI: tegra: Add PCIe slot supplies regulator entries
dt-bindings: PCI: tegra: Add sideband pins configuration entries
PCI: tegra: Add Tegra194 PCIe support
PCI: Get rid of dev->has_secondary_link flag
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6
Pull crypto fixes froim Herbert Xu:
"This fixes the following issues:
- potential boot hang in hwrng
- missing switch/break in talitos
- bugs and warnings in hisilicon
- build warning in inside-secure"
* 'linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6:
crypto: hisilicon - avoid unused function warning
hwrng: core - don't wait on add_early_randomness()
crypto: hisilicon - Fix return value check in hisi_zip_acompress()
crypto: hisilicon - Matching the dma address for dma_pool_free()
crypto: hisilicon - Fix double free in sec_free_hw_sgl()
crypto: inside-secure - Fix unused variable warning when CONFIG_PCI=n
crypto: talitos - fix missing break in switch statement
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add_early_randomness() is called by hwrng_register() when the
hardware is added. If this hardware and its module are present
at boot, and if there is no data available the boot hangs until
data are available and can't be interrupted.
For instance, in the case of virtio-rng, in some cases the host can be
not able to provide enough entropy for all the guests.
We can have two easy ways to reproduce the problem but they rely on
misconfiguration of the hypervisor or the egd daemon:
- if virtio-rng device is configured to connect to the egd daemon of the
host but when the virtio-rng driver asks for data the daemon is not
connected,
- if virtio-rng device is configured to connect to the egd daemon of the
host but the egd daemon doesn't provide data.
The guest kernel will hang at boot until the virtio-rng driver provides
enough data.
To avoid that, call rng_get_data() in non-blocking mode (wait=0)
from add_early_randomness().
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <lvivier@redhat.com>
Fixes: d9e797261933 ("hwrng: add randomness to system from rng...")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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Pull IPMI updates from Corey Minyard:
"A few minor fixes and some cosmetic changes.
Nothing big here, but some minor things that people have found and
some minor reworks for names and include files"
* tag 'for-linus-5.4-1' of git://github.com/cminyard/linux-ipmi:
ipmi_si_intf: Fix race in timer shutdown handling
ipmi: move message error checking to avoid deadlock
ipmi_ssif: avoid registering duplicate ssif interface
ipmi: Free receive messages when in an oops
ipmi_si: Only schedule continuously in the thread in maintenance mode
ipmi_si: Remove ipmi_ from the device attr names
ipmi_si: Convert device attr permissions to octal
ipmi_si: Rework some include files
ipmi_si: Convert timespec64 to timespec
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6
Pull crypto updates from Herbert Xu:
"API:
- Add the ability to abort a skcipher walk.
Algorithms:
- Fix XTS to actually do the stealing.
- Add library helpers for AES and DES for single-block users.
- Add library helpers for SHA256.
- Add new DES key verification helper.
- Add surrounding bits for ESSIV generator.
- Add accelerations for aegis128.
- Add test vectors for lzo-rle.
Drivers:
- Add i.MX8MQ support to caam.
- Add gcm/ccm/cfb/ofb aes support in inside-secure.
- Add ofb/cfb aes support in media-tek.
- Add HiSilicon ZIP accelerator support.
Others:
- Fix potential race condition in padata.
- Use unbound workqueues in padata"
* 'linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6: (311 commits)
crypto: caam - Cast to long first before pointer conversion
crypto: ccree - enable CTS support in AES-XTS
crypto: inside-secure - Probe transform record cache RAM sizes
crypto: inside-secure - Base RD fetchcount on actual RD FIFO size
crypto: inside-secure - Base CD fetchcount on actual CD FIFO size
crypto: inside-secure - Enable extended algorithms on newer HW
crypto: inside-secure: Corrected configuration of EIP96_TOKEN_CTRL
crypto: inside-secure - Add EIP97/EIP197 and endianness detection
padata: remove cpu_index from the parallel_queue
padata: unbind parallel jobs from specific CPUs
padata: use separate workqueues for parallel and serial work
padata, pcrypt: take CPU hotplug lock internally in padata_alloc_possible
crypto: pcrypt - remove padata cpumask notifier
padata: make padata_do_parallel find alternate callback CPU
workqueue: require CPU hotplug read exclusion for apply_workqueue_attrs
workqueue: unconfine alloc/apply/free_workqueue_attrs()
padata: allocate workqueue internally
arm64: dts: imx8mq: Add CAAM node
random: Use wait_event_freezable() in add_hwgenerator_randomness()
crypto: ux500 - Fix COMPILE_TEST warnings
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc
Pull char/misc driver updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the big char/misc driver pull request for 5.4-rc1.
As has been happening in previous releases, more and more individual
driver subsystem trees are ending up in here. Now if that is good or
bad I can't tell, but hopefully it makes your life easier as it's more
of an aggregation of trees together to one merge point for you.
Anyway, lots of stuff in here:
- habanalabs driver updates
- thunderbolt driver updates
- misc driver updates
- coresight and intel_th hwtracing driver updates
- fpga driver updates
- extcon driver updates
- some dma driver updates
- char driver updates
- android binder driver updates
- nvmem driver updates
- phy driver updates
- parport driver fixes
- pcmcia driver fix
- uio driver updates
- w1 driver updates
- configfs fixes
- other assorted driver updates
All of these have been in linux-next for a long time with no reported
issues"
* tag 'char-misc-5.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (200 commits)
misc: mic: Use PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO rather than its implementation
habanalabs: correctly cast variable to __le32
habanalabs: show correct id in error print
habanalabs: stop using the acronym KMD
habanalabs: display card name as sensors header
habanalabs: add uapi to retrieve aggregate H/W events
habanalabs: add uapi to retrieve device utilization
habanalabs: Make the Coresight timestamp perpetual
habanalabs: explicitly set the queue-id enumerated numbers
habanalabs: print to kernel log when reset is finished
habanalabs: replace __le32_to_cpu with le32_to_cpu
habanalabs: replace __cpu_to_le32/64 with cpu_to_le32/64
habanalabs: Handle HW_IP_INFO if device disabled or in reset
habanalabs: Expose devices after initialization is done
habanalabs: improve security in Debug IOCTL
habanalabs: use default structure for user input in Debug IOCTL
habanalabs: Add descriptive name to PSOC app status register
habanalabs: Add descriptive names to PSOC scratch-pad registers
habanalabs: create two char devices per ASIC
habanalabs: change device_setup_cdev() to be more generic
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux
Pull ia64 updates from Tony Luck:
"The big change here is removal of support for SGI Altix"
* tag 'please-pull-ia64_for_5.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux: (33 commits)
genirq: remove the is_affinity_mask_valid hook
ia64: remove CONFIG_SWIOTLB ifdefs
ia64: remove support for machvecs
ia64: move the screen_info setup to common code
ia64: move the ROOT_DEV setup to common code
ia64: rework iommu probing
ia64: remove the unused sn_coherency_id symbol
ia64: remove the SGI UV simulator support
ia64: remove the zx1 swiotlb machvec
ia64: remove CONFIG_ACPI ifdefs
ia64: remove CONFIG_PCI ifdefs
ia64: remove the hpsim platform
ia64: remove now unused machvec indirections
ia64: remove support for the SGI SN2 platform
drivers: remove the SGI SN2 IOC4 base support
drivers: remove the SGI SN2 IOC3 base support
qla2xxx: remove SGI SN2 support
qla1280: remove SGI SN2 support
misc/sgi-xp: remove SGI SN2 support
char/mspec: remove SGI SN2 support
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Will Deacon:
"Although there isn't tonnes of code in terms of line count, there are
a fair few headline features which I've noted both in the tag and also
in the merge commits when I pulled everything together.
The part I'm most pleased with is that we had 35 contributors this
time around, which feels like a big jump from the usual small group of
core arm64 arch developers. Hopefully they all enjoyed it so much that
they'll continue to contribute, but we'll see.
It's probably worth highlighting that we've pulled in a branch from
the risc-v folks which moves our CPU topology code out to where it can
be shared with others.
Summary:
- 52-bit virtual addressing in the kernel
- New ABI to allow tagged user pointers to be dereferenced by
syscalls
- Early RNG seeding by the bootloader
- Improve robustness of SMP boot
- Fix TLB invalidation in light of recent architectural
clarifications
- Support for i.MX8 DDR PMU
- Remove direct LSE instruction patching in favour of static keys
- Function error injection using kprobes
- Support for the PPTT "thread" flag introduced by ACPI 6.3
- Move PSCI idle code into proper cpuidle driver
- Relaxation of implicit I/O memory barriers
- Build with RELR relocations when toolchain supports them
- Numerous cleanups and non-critical fixes"
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (114 commits)
arm64: remove __iounmap
arm64: atomics: Use K constraint when toolchain appears to support it
arm64: atomics: Undefine internal macros after use
arm64: lse: Make ARM64_LSE_ATOMICS depend on JUMP_LABEL
arm64: asm: Kill 'asm/atomic_arch.h'
arm64: lse: Remove unused 'alt_lse' assembly macro
arm64: atomics: Remove atomic_ll_sc compilation unit
arm64: avoid using hard-coded registers for LSE atomics
arm64: atomics: avoid out-of-line ll/sc atomics
arm64: Use correct ll/sc atomic constraints
jump_label: Don't warn on __exit jump entries
docs/perf: Add documentation for the i.MX8 DDR PMU
perf/imx_ddr: Add support for AXI ID filtering
arm64: kpti: ensure patched kernel text is fetched from PoU
arm64: fix fixmap copy for 16K pages and 48-bit VA
perf/smmuv3: Validate groups for global filtering
perf/smmuv3: Validate group size
arm64: Relax Documentation/arm64/tagged-pointers.rst
arm64: kvm: Replace hardcoded '1' with SYS_PAR_EL1_F
arm64: mm: Ignore spurious translation faults taken from the kernel
...
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smi_mod_timer() enables the timer before setting timer_running. This
means the timer can be running when we get to stop_timer_and_thread()
without timer_running having been set, resulting in del_timer_sync()
not being called and the timer being left to cause havoc during
shutdown.
Instead just call del_timer_sync() unconditionally
Signed-off-by: Jes Sorensen <jsorensen@fb.com>
Message-Id: <20190828203625.32093-2-Jes.Sorensen@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
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Sebastian reports that after commit ff296293b353 ("random: Support freezable
kthreads in add_hwgenerator_randomness()") we can call might_sleep() when the
task state is TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE (state=1). This leads to the following warning.
do not call blocking ops when !TASK_RUNNING; state=1 set at [<00000000349d1489>] prepare_to_wait_event+0x5a/0x180
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 828 at kernel/sched/core.c:6741 __might_sleep+0x6f/0x80
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 828 Comm: hwrng Not tainted 5.3.0-rc7-next-20190903+ #46
RIP: 0010:__might_sleep+0x6f/0x80
Call Trace:
kthread_freezable_should_stop+0x1b/0x60
add_hwgenerator_randomness+0xdd/0x130
hwrng_fillfn+0xbf/0x120
kthread+0x10c/0x140
ret_from_fork+0x27/0x50
We shouldn't call kthread_freezable_should_stop() from deep within the
wait_event code because the task state is still set as
TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE instead of TASK_RUNNING and
kthread_freezable_should_stop() will try to call into the freezer with
the task in the wrong state. Use wait_event_freezable() instead so that
it calls schedule() in the right place and tries to enter the freezer
when the task state is TASK_RUNNING instead.
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Keerthy <j-keerthy@ti.com>
Fixes: ff296293b353 ("random: Support freezable kthreads in add_hwgenerator_randomness()")
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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The timeriomem_rng driver only accesses the first 4 bytes of the given
memory area and currently, it also forces that memory resource to be
exactly 4 bytes in size.
This, however, is problematic when used with device-trees that are
generated from things like FPGA toolchains, where the minimum size
of an exposed memory block may be something like 4k.
Hence, let's only check for what's needed for the driver to operate
properly; namely that we have enough memory available to read the
random data from.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <daniel@zonque.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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The printk functions are invoked without specifying required
log level when printing error messages. This commit replaces
all direct uses of printk with their corresponding pr_err/info/debug
variant.
Signed-off-by: Rishi Gupta <gupt21@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1566113671-8743-1-git-send-email-gupt21@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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syzbot found that a thread can stall for minutes inside read_mem() or
write_mem() after that thread was killed by SIGKILL [1]. Reading from
iomem areas of /dev/mem can be slow, depending on the hardware.
While reading 2GB at one read() is legal, delaying termination of killed
thread for minutes is bad. Thus, allow reading/writing /dev/mem and
/dev/kmem to be preemptible and killable.
[ 1335.912419][T20577] read_mem: sz=4096 count=2134565632
[ 1335.943194][T20577] read_mem: sz=4096 count=2134561536
[ 1335.978280][T20577] read_mem: sz=4096 count=2134557440
[ 1336.011147][T20577] read_mem: sz=4096 count=2134553344
[ 1336.041897][T20577] read_mem: sz=4096 count=2134549248
Theoretically, reading/writing /dev/mem and /dev/kmem can become
"interruptible". But this patch chose "killable". Future patch will make
them "interruptible" so that we can revert to "killable" if some program
regressed.
[1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=a0e3436829698d5824231251fad9d8e998f94f5e
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reported-by: syzbot <syzbot+8ab2d0f39fb79fe6ca40@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1566825205-10703-1-git-send-email-penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Add a driver for a firmware TPM running inside TEE.
Documentation of the firmware TPM:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/ftpm-software-implementation-tpm-chip/ .
Implementation of the firmware TPM:
https://github.com/Microsoft/ms-tpm-20-ref/tree/master/Samples/ARM32-FirmwareTPM
Tested-by: Ilias Apalodimas <ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Thirupathaiah Annapureddy <thiruan@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Thirupathaiah Annapureddy <thiruan@microsoft.com>
Co-authored-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
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Remove all comments about implicit locking tpm-sysfs.c as the file was
updated in Linux v5.1 to use explicit locking.
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
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The tpm_tis_core has to set the TPM_CHIP_FLAG_IRQ before probing for
interrupts since there is no other place in the code that would set
it.
Cc: linux-stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 570a36097f30 ("tpm: drop 'irq' from struct tpm_vendor_specific")
Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
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The interrupt probing sequence in tpm_tis_core cannot obviously run with
the TPM power gated. Power on the TPM with tpm_chip_start() before
probing IRQ's. Turn it off once the probing is complete.
Cc: linux-stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: a3fbfae82b4c ("tpm: take TPM chip power gating out of tpm_transmit()")
Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
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Move ASPM definitions and function prototypes from include/linux/pci-aspm.h
to include/linux/pci.h so users only need to include <linux/pci.h>:
PCIE_LINK_STATE_L0S
PCIE_LINK_STATE_L1
PCIE_LINK_STATE_CLKPM
pci_disable_link_state()
pci_disable_link_state_locked()
pcie_no_aspm()
No functional changes intended.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190827095620.11213-1-kw@linux.com
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczynski <kw@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
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Introducing a chosen node, rng-seed, which is an entropy that can be
passed to kernel called very early to increase initial device
randomness. Bootloader should provide this entropy and the value is
read from /chosen/rng-seed in DT.
Obtain of_fdt_crc32 for CRC check after early_init_dt_scan_nodes(),
since early_init_dt_scan_chosen() would modify fdt to erase rng-seed.
Add a new interface add_bootloader_randomness() for rng-seed use case.
Depends on whether the seed is trustworthy, rng seed would be passed to
add_hwgenerator_randomness(). Otherwise it would be passed to
add_device_randomness(). Decision is controlled by kernel config
RANDOM_TRUST_BOOTLOADER.
Signed-off-by: Hsin-Yi Wang <hsinyi@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> # drivers/char/random.c
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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V1->V2: in handle_one_rcv_msg, if data_size > 2, set requeue to zero and
goto out instead of calling ipmi_free_msg.
Kosuke Tatsukawa <tatsu@ab.jp.nec.com>
In the source stack trace below, function set_need_watch tries to
take out the same si_lock that was taken earlier by ipmi_thread.
ipmi_thread() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c:995]
smi_event_handler() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c:765]
handle_transaction_done() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c:555]
deliver_recv_msg() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c:283]
ipmi_smi_msg_received() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_msghandler.c:4503]
intf_err_seq() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_msghandler.c:1149]
smi_remove_watch() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_msghandler.c:999]
set_need_watch() [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c:1066]
Upstream commit e1891cffd4c4896a899337a243273f0e23c028df adds code to
ipmi_smi_msg_received() to call smi_remove_watch() via intf_err_seq()
and this seems to be causing the deadlock.
commit e1891cffd4c4896a899337a243273f0e23c028df
Author: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
Date: Wed Oct 24 15:17:04 2018 -0500
ipmi: Make the smi watcher be disabled immediately when not needed
The fix is to put all messages in the queue and move the message
checking code out of ipmi_smi_msg_received and into handle_one_recv_msg,
which processes the message checking after ipmi_thread releases its
locks.
Additionally,Kosuke Tatsukawa <tatsu@ab.jp.nec.com> reported that
handle_new_recv_msgs calls ipmi_free_msg when handle_one_rcv_msg returns
zero, so that the call to ipmi_free_msg in handle_one_rcv_msg introduced
another panic when "ipmitool sensor list" was run in a loop. He
submitted this part of the patch.
+free_msg:
+ requeue = 0;
+ goto out;
Reported by: Osamu Samukawa <osa-samukawa@tg.jp.nec.com>
Characterized by: Kosuke Tatsukawa <tatsu@ab.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Camuso <tcamuso@redhat.com>
Fixes: e1891cffd4c4 ("ipmi: Make the smi watcher be disabled immediately when not needed")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 5.1
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
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It is possible that SSIF interface entry is present in both DMI and ACPI
tables. In SMP systems, in such cases it is possible that ssif_probe could
be called simultaneously from i2c interface (from ACPI) and from DMI on
different CPUs at kernel boot. Both try to register same SSIF interface
simultaneously and result in race.
In such cases where ACPI and SMBIOS both IPMI entries are available, we
need to prefer ACPI over SMBIOS so that ACPI functions work properly if
they use IPMI.
So, if we get an ACPI interface and have already registered an SMBIOS
at the same address, we need to remove the SMBIOS one and add the ACPI.
Log:
[ 38.774743] ipmi device interface
[ 38.805006] ipmi_ssif: IPMI SSIF Interface driver
[ 38.861979] ipmi_ssif i2c-IPI0001:06: ssif_probe CPU 99 ***
[ 38.863655] ipmi_ssif 0-000e: ssif_probe CPU 14 ***
[ 38.863658] ipmi_ssif: Trying SMBIOS-specified SSIF interface at i2c address 0xe, adapter xlp9xx-i2c, slave address 0x0
[ 38.869500] ipmi_ssif: Trying ACPI-specified SSIF interface at i2c address 0xe, adapter xlp9xx-i2c, slave address 0x0
[ 38.914530] ipmi_ssif: Unable to clear message flags: -22 7 c7
[ 38.952429] ipmi_ssif: Unable to clear message flags: -22 7 00
[ 38.994734] ipmi_ssif: Error getting global enables: -22 7 00
[ 39.015877] ipmi_ssif 0-000e: IPMI message handler: Found new BMC (man_id: 0x00b3d1, prod_id: 0x0001, dev_id: 0x20)
[ 39.377645] ipmi_ssif i2c-IPI0001:06: IPMI message handler: Found new BMC (man_id: 0x00b3d1, prod_id: 0x0001, dev_id: 0x20)
[ 39.387863] ipmi_ssif 0-000e: IPMI message handler: BMC returned incorrect response, expected netfn 7 cmd 42, got netfn 7 cmd 1
...
[NOTE] : Added custom prints to explain the problem.
In the above log, ssif_probe is executed simultaneously on two different
CPUs.
This patch fixes this issue in following way:
- Adds ACPI entry also to the 'ssif_infos' list.
- Checks the list if SMBIOS is already registered, removes it and adds
ACPI.
- If ACPI is already registered, it ignores SMBIOS.
- Adds mutex lock throughout the probe process to avoid race.
Signed-off-by: Kamlakant Patel <kamlakantp@marvell.com>
Message-Id: <1566389064-27356-1-git-send-email-kamlakantp@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
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The kthread calling this function is freezable after commit 03a3bb7ae631
("hwrng: core - Freeze khwrng thread during suspend") is applied.
Unfortunately, this function uses wait_event_interruptible() but doesn't
check for the kthread being woken up by the fake freezer signal. When a
user suspends the system, this kthread will wake up and if it fails the
entropy size check it will immediately go back to sleep and not go into
the freezer. Eventually, suspend will fail because the task never froze
and a warning message like this may appear:
PM: suspend entry (deep)
Filesystems sync: 0.000 seconds
Freezing user space processes ... (elapsed 0.001 seconds) done.
OOM killer disabled.
Freezing remaining freezable tasks ...
Freezing of tasks failed after 20.003 seconds (1 tasks refusing to freeze, wq_busy=0):
hwrng R running task 0 289 2 0x00000020
[<c08c64c4>] (__schedule) from [<c08c6a10>] (schedule+0x3c/0xc0)
[<c08c6a10>] (schedule) from [<c05dbd8c>] (add_hwgenerator_randomness+0xb0/0x100)
[<c05dbd8c>] (add_hwgenerator_randomness) from [<bf1803c8>] (hwrng_fillfn+0xc0/0x14c [rng_core])
[<bf1803c8>] (hwrng_fillfn [rng_core]) from [<c015abec>] (kthread+0x134/0x148)
[<c015abec>] (kthread) from [<c01010e8>] (ret_from_fork+0x14/0x2c)
Check for a freezer signal here and skip adding any randomness if the
task wakes up because it was frozen. This should make the kthread freeze
properly and suspend work again.
Fixes: 03a3bb7ae631 ("hwrng: core - Freeze khwrng thread during suspend")
Reported-by: Keerthy <j-keerthy@ti.com>
Tested-by: Keerthy <j-keerthy@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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Allowing users to read and write to core kernel memory makes it possible
for the kernel to be subverted, avoiding module loading restrictions, and
also to steal cryptographic information.
Disallow /dev/mem and /dev/kmem from being opened this when the kernel has
been locked down to prevent this.
Also disallow /dev/port from being opened to prevent raw ioport access and
thus DMA from being used to accomplish the same thing.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
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The only thing remaining of the machvecs is a few checks if we are
running on an SGI UV system. Replace those with the existing
is_uv_system() check that has been rewritten to simply check the
OEM ID directly.
That leaves us with a generic kernel that is as fast as the previous
DIG/ZX1/UV kernels, but can support all hardware. Support for UV
and the HP SBA IOMMU is now optional based on new config options.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190813072514.23299-27-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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If the driver handles a response in an oops, it was just ignoring
the message. However, the IPMI watchdog timer was counting on the
free happening to know when panic-time messages were complete. So
free it in all cases.
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
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The aim of this machvec is to support devices with < 32-bit dma
masks. But given that ia64 only has a ZONE_DMA32 and not a ZONE_DMA
that isn't supported by swiotlb either.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190813072514.23299-21-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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The SGI SN2 support is about to be removed, so drop the bits specific to
it from this driver.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190813072514.23299-10-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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The SGI SN2 support is about to be removed. Remove this driver that
depends on the SN2 support.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190813072514.23299-4-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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The SGI SN2 support is about to be removed. Remove this driver that
depends on the SN2 support.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190813072514.23299-3-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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The SGI SN2 support is about to be removed. Remove this driver that
depends on the SN2 support.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190813072514.23299-2-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
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The hwrng_fill() function can run while devices are suspending and
resuming. If the hwrng is behind a bus such as i2c or SPI and that bus
is suspended, the hwrng may hang the bus while attempting to add some
randomness. It's been observed on ChromeOS devices with suspend-to-idle
(s2idle) and an i2c based hwrng that this kthread may run and ask the
hwrng device for randomness before the i2c bus has been resumed.
Let's make this kthread freezable so that we don't try to touch the
hwrng during suspend/resume. This ensures that we can't cause the hwrng
backing driver to get into a bad state because the device is guaranteed
to be resumed before the hwrng kthread is thawed.
Cc: Andrey Pronin <apronin@chromium.org>
Cc: Duncan Laurie <dlaurie@chromium.org>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Alexander Steffen <Alexander.Steffen@infineon.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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We need the char-misc fixes in here as well.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Fixes: 3e75241be808 ("hwrng: drivers - Use device-managed registration API")
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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ipmi_thread() uses back-to-back schedule() to poll for command
completion which, on some machines, can push up CPU consumption and
heavily tax the scheduler locks leading to noticeable overall
performance degradation.
This was originally added so firmware updates through IPMI would
complete in a timely manner. But we can't kill the scheduler
locks for that one use case.
Instead, only run schedule() continuously in maintenance mode,
where firmware updates should run.
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
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The nr_allocated_banks and allocated banks are initialized as part of
tpm_chip_register. Currently, this is done as part of auto startup
function. However, some drivers, like the ibm vtpm driver, do not run
auto startup during initialization. This results in uninitialized memory
issue and causes a kernel panic during boot.
This patch moves the pcr allocation outside the auto startup function
into tpm_chip_register. This ensures that allocated banks are initialized
in any case.
Fixes: 879b589210a9 ("tpm: retrieve digest size of unknown algorithms with PCR read")
Reported-by: Michal Suchanek <msuchanek@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Sachin Sant <sachinp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Michal Suchánek <msuchanek@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
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If clk_enable is not defined and chip initialization
is canceled code hits null dereference.
Easily reproducible with vTPM init fail:
swtpm chardev --tpmstate dir=nonexistent_dir --tpm2 --vtpm-proxy
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000
...
Call Trace:
tpm_chip_start+0x9d/0xa0 [tpm]
tpm_chip_register+0x10/0x1a0 [tpm]
vtpm_proxy_work+0x11/0x30 [tpm_vtpm_proxy]
process_one_work+0x214/0x5a0
worker_thread+0x134/0x3e0
? process_one_work+0x5a0/0x5a0
kthread+0xd4/0x100
? process_one_work+0x5a0/0x5a0
? kthread_park+0x90/0x90
ret_from_fork+0x19/0x24
Fixes: 719b7d81f204 ("tpm: introduce tpm_chip_start() and tpm_chip_stop()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.1+
Signed-off-by: Milan Broz <gmazyland@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
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Better conform with kernel style.
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
|
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Kernel preferences are for octal values instead of symbols.
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
|
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ipmi_si_sm.h was getting included in lots of places it didn't
belong. Rework things a bit to remove all the dependencies,
mostly just moving things between include files that were in
the wrong place and removing bogus includes.
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
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Use devm_hwrng_register to simplify the implementation.
Manual unregistration and some remove functions can be
removed now.
Signed-off-by: Chuhong Yuan <hslester96@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Łukasz Stelmach <l.stelmach@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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There is no need for timespec64, and it will cause issues in the
future with i386 and 64-bit division not being available.
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
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Pull IPMI fix from Corey Minyard:
"One necessary fix for an uninitialized variable in the new IPMB driver.
Nothing else has come in besides things that need to wait until later"
* tag 'for-linus-5.3-2' of git://github.com/cminyard/linux-ipmi:
Fix uninitialized variable in ipmb_dev_int.c
|
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We want the char/misc fixes in here as well.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Use the new helper devm_platform_ioremap_resource() which wraps the
platform_get_resource() and devm_ioremap_resource() together, to
simplify the code.
Signed-off-by: Anson Huang <Anson.Huang@nxp.com>
Reviewed-by: Dong Aisheng <aisheng.dong@nxp.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
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Use the new helper devm_platform_ioremap_resource() which wraps the
platform_get_resource() and devm_ioremap_resource() together, to
simplify the code.
Signed-off-by: Anson Huang <Anson.Huang@nxp.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Dong Aisheng <aisheng.dong@nxp.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
|
