summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/drivers/block/xd.c
AgeCommit message (Collapse)Author
2010-10-05block: autoconvert trivial BKL users to private mutexArnd Bergmann
The block device drivers have all gained new lock_kernel calls from a recent pushdown, and some of the drivers were already using the BKL before. This turns the BKL into a set of per-driver mutexes. Still need to check whether this is safe to do. file=$1 name=$2 if grep -q lock_kernel ${file} ; then if grep -q 'include.*linux.mutex.h' ${file} ; then sed -i '/include.*<linux\/smp_lock.h>/d' ${file} else sed -i 's/include.*<linux\/smp_lock.h>.*$/include <linux\/mutex.h>/g' ${file} fi sed -i ${file} \ -e "/^#include.*linux.mutex.h/,$ { 1,/^\(static\|int\|long\)/ { /^\(static\|int\|long\)/istatic DEFINE_MUTEX(${name}_mutex); } }" \ -e "s/\(un\)*lock_kernel\>[ ]*()/mutex_\1lock(\&${name}_mutex)/g" \ -e '/[ ]*cycle_kernel_lock();/d' else sed -i -e '/include.*\<smp_lock.h\>/d' ${file} \ -e '/cycle_kernel_lock()/d' fi Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
2010-08-07block: push down BKL into .locked_ioctlArnd Bergmann
As a preparation for the removal of the big kernel lock in the block layer, this removes the BKL from the common ioctl handling code, moving it into every single driver still using it. Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
2010-08-07block/xd.c: fix brace typoRandy Dunlap
Fix extra brace typo that is causing build errors. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
2010-08-07block: remove wrappers for request type/flagsChristoph Hellwig
Remove all the trivial wrappers for the cmd_type and cmd_flags fields in struct requests. This allows much easier grepping for different request types instead of unwinding through macros. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
2010-03-30include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking ↵Tejun Heo
implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies. percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is used as the basis of conversion. http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py The script does the followings. * Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used, gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h. * When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered - alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there doesn't seem to be any matching order. * If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the file. The conversion was done in the following steps. 1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400 files. 2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion, some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added inclusions to around 150 files. 3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits from #2 to make sure no file was left behind. 4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed. e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually. 5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as necessary. 6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h. 7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq). * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config. * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig * ia64 SMP allmodconfig * s390 SMP allmodconfig * alpha SMP allmodconfig * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig 8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as a separate patch and serve as bisection point. Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step 6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch. If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of the specific arch. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
2010-02-26block: Rename blk_queue_max_sectors to blk_queue_max_hw_sectorsMartin K. Petersen
The block layer calling convention is blk_queue_<limit name>. blk_queue_max_sectors predates this practice, leading to some confusion. Rename the function to appropriately reflect that its intended use is to set max_hw_sectors. Also introduce a temporary wrapper for backwards compability. This can be removed after the merge window is closed. Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-12-09block,xd: Delay allocation of DMA buffers until device is knownMel Gorman
Loading the XD module triggers a warning like WARNING: at mm/page_alloc.c:1805 __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x127/0x48f() Hardware name: System Product Name Modules linked in: Pid: 1, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.32-rc8-git5 #1 Call Trace: [<c103d94b>] warn_slowpath_common+0x65/0x95 [<c103d98d>] warn_slowpath_null+0x12/0x15 [<c109550c>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x127/0x48f [<c10be964>] ? get_slab+0x8/0x50 [<c10b8979>] alloc_page_interleave+0x2e/0x6e [<c10b8a10>] alloc_pages_current+0x57/0x99 [<c2083a4a>] ? xd_init+0x0/0x482 [<c1094c38>] __get_free_pages+0xd/0x1e [<c2083a94>] xd_init+0x4a/0x482 [<c2082df0>] ? loop_init+0x104/0x16a [<c169162d>] ? loop_probe+0x0/0xaf [<c2083a4a>] ? xd_init+0x0/0x482 [<c1001143>] do_one_initcall+0x51/0x13f [<c204a307>] kernel_init+0x10b/0x15f [<c204a1fc>] ? kernel_init+0x0/0x15f [<c1004347>] kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10 ---[ end trace 686db6333ade6e7a ]--- xd: Out of memory. The warning is because the alloc_pages is called with an order >= MAX_ORDER. The simplistic reason is that get_order(0) returns garbage values when given 0 as a size. The more complex reason is that the XD driver initialisation is broken. It's not clear why this ever worked. XD allocates a buffer for DMA based on the value of xd_maxsectors. This value is determined by the exact type of controller in use but the value is determined *after* an attempt has been made to allocate the buffer. i.e. the requested size of the DMA buffer will always be 0. This patch alters how XD is initialised slightly by allocating the buffer when and if a device has actually been detected. The error paths are updated to suit the new logic. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-09-22const: make block_device_operations constAlexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-05-11block: implement and enforce request peek/start/fetchTejun Heo
Till now block layer allowed two separate modes of request execution. A request is always acquired from the request queue via elv_next_request(). After that, drivers are free to either dequeue it or process it without dequeueing. Dequeue allows elv_next_request() to return the next request so that multiple requests can be in flight. Executing requests without dequeueing has its merits mostly in allowing drivers for simpler devices which can't do sg to deal with segments only without considering request boundary. However, the benefit this brings is dubious and declining while the cost of the API ambiguity is increasing. Segment based drivers are usually for very old or limited devices and as converting to dequeueing model isn't difficult, it doesn't justify the API overhead it puts on block layer and its more modern users. Previous patches converted all block low level drivers to dequeueing model. This patch completes the API transition by... * renaming elv_next_request() to blk_peek_request() * renaming blkdev_dequeue_request() to blk_start_request() * adding blk_fetch_request() which is combination of peek and start * disallowing completion of queued (not started) requests * applying new API to all LLDs Renamings are for consistency and to break out of tree code so that it's apparent that out of tree drivers need updating. [ Impact: block request issue API cleanup, no functional change ] Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Mike Miller <mike.miller@hp.com> Cc: unsik Kim <donari75@gmail.com> Cc: Paul Clements <paul.clements@steeleye.com> Cc: Tim Waugh <tim@cyberelk.net> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <Geert.Uytterhoeven@sonycom.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Laurent Vivier <Laurent@lvivier.info> Cc: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com> Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Cc: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca> Cc: Adrian McMenamin <adrian@mcmen.demon.co.uk> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@googlemail.com> Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com> Cc: Alex Dubov <oakad@yahoo.com> Cc: Pierre Ossman <drzeus@drzeus.cx> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Markus Lidel <Markus.Lidel@shadowconnect.com> Cc: Stefan Weinhuber <wein@de.ibm.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com> Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-05-11xd: dequeue in-flight requestTejun Heo
xd processes requests one-by-one synchronously and can be easily converted to dequeueing model. Convert it. While at it, use rq_cur_bytes instead of rq_bytes when checking for sector overflow. This is for for consistency and better behavior for merged requests. [ Impact: dequeue in-flight request ] Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-05-11block: convert to pos and nr_sectors accessorsTejun Heo
With recent cleanups, there is no place where low level driver directly manipulates request fields. This means that the 'hard' request fields always equal the !hard fields. Convert all rq->sectors, nr_sectors and current_nr_sectors references to accessors. While at it, drop superflous blk_rq_pos() < 0 test in swim.c. [ Impact: use pos and nr_sectors accessors ] Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <Geert.Uytterhoeven@sonycom.com> Tested-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca> Acked-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca> Tested-by: Adrian McMenamin <adrian@mcmen.demon.co.uk> Acked-by: Adrian McMenamin <adrian@mcmen.demon.co.uk> Acked-by: Mike Miller <mike.miller@hp.com> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@googlemail.com> Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com> Cc: Eric Moore <Eric.Moore@lsi.com> Cc: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu> Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Cc: Paul Clements <paul.clements@steeleye.com> Cc: Tim Waugh <tim@cyberelk.net> Cc: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com> Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Cc: Alex Dubov <oakad@yahoo.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Dario Ballabio <ballabio_dario@emc.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: unsik Kim <donari75@gmail.com> Cc: Laurent Vivier <Laurent@lvivier.info> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-04-28amiflop,ataflop,xd,mg_disk: clean up unnecessary stuff from block driversTejun Heo
rq_data_dir() can only be READ or WRITE and rq->sector and nr_sectors are always automatically updated after partial request completion. Don't worry about rq_data_dir() not being either READ or WRITE or manually update sector and nr_sectors. [ Impact: cleanup ] Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Jörg Dorchain <joerg@dorchain.net> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: unsik Kim <donari75@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2009-04-28block: replace end_request() with [__]blk_end_request_cur()Tejun Heo
end_request() has been kept around for backward compatibility; however, it's about time for it to go away. * There aren't too many users left. * Its use of @updtodate is pretty confusing. * In some cases, newer code ends up using mixture of end_request() and [__]blk_end_request[_all](), which is way too confusing. So, add [__]blk_end_request_cur() and replace end_request() with it. Most conversions are straightforward. Noteworthy ones are... * paride/pcd: next_request() updated to take 0/-errno instead of 1/0. * paride/pf: pf_end_request() and next_request() updated to take 0/-errno instead of 1/0. * xd: xd_readwrite() updated to return 0/-errno instead of 1/0. * mtd/mtd_blkdevs: blktrans_discard_request() updated to return 0/-errno instead of 1/0. Unnecessary local variable res initialization removed from mtd_blktrans_thread(). [ Impact: cleanup ] Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Joerg Dorchain <joerg@dorchain.net> Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Acked-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca> Acked-by: Laurent Vivier <Laurent@lvivier.info> Cc: Tim Waugh <tim@cyberelk.net> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Cc: Markus Lidel <Markus.Lidel@shadowconnect.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com> Cc: unsik Kim <donari75@gmail.com>
2008-10-21[PATCH] switch xdAl Viro
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-10-21[PATCH] beginning of methods conversionAl Viro
To keep the size of changesets sane we split the switch by drivers; to keep the damn thing bisectable we do the following: 1) rename the affected methods, add ones with correct prototypes, make (few) callers handle both. That's this changeset. 2) for each driver convert to new methods. *ALL* drivers are converted in this series. 3) kill the old (renamed) methods. Note that it _is_ a flagday; all in-tree drivers are converted and by the end of this series no trace of old methods remain. The only reason why we do that this way is to keep the damn thing bisectable and allow per-driver debugging if anything goes wrong. New methods: open(bdev, mode) release(disk, mode) ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg) /* Called without BKL */ compat_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg) locked_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg) /* Called with BKL, legacy */ Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2007-07-24[BLOCK] Get rid of request_queue_t typedefJens Axboe
Some of the code has been gradually transitioned to using the proper struct request_queue, but there's lots left. So do a full sweet of the kernel and get rid of this typedef and replace its uses with the proper type. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
2006-10-11[PATCH] Use linux/io.h instead of asm/io.hMatthew Wilcox
In preparation for moving check_signature, change these users from asm/io.h to linux/io.h Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@parisc-linux.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-05IRQ: Maintain regs pointer globally rather than passing to IRQ handlersDavid Howells
Maintain a per-CPU global "struct pt_regs *" variable which can be used instead of passing regs around manually through all ~1800 interrupt handlers in the Linux kernel. The regs pointer is used in few places, but it potentially costs both stack space and code to pass it around. On the FRV arch, removing the regs parameter from all the genirq function results in a 20% speed up of the IRQ exit path (ie: from leaving timer_interrupt() to leaving do_IRQ()). Where appropriate, an arch may override the generic storage facility and do something different with the variable. On FRV, for instance, the address is maintained in GR28 at all times inside the kernel as part of general exception handling. Having looked over the code, it appears that the parameter may be handed down through up to twenty or so layers of functions. Consider a USB character device attached to a USB hub, attached to a USB controller that posts its interrupts through a cascaded auxiliary interrupt controller. A character device driver may want to pass regs to the sysrq handler through the input layer which adds another few layers of parameter passing. I've build this code with allyesconfig for x86_64 and i386. I've runtested the main part of the code on FRV and i386, though I can't test most of the drivers. I've also done partial conversion for powerpc and MIPS - these at least compile with minimal configurations. This will affect all archs. Mostly the changes should be relatively easy. Take do_IRQ(), store the regs pointer at the beginning, saving the old one: struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs); And put the old one back at the end: set_irq_regs(old_regs); Don't pass regs through to generic_handle_irq() or __do_IRQ(). In timer_interrupt(), this sort of change will be necessary: - update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); - profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING, regs); + update_process_times(user_mode(get_irq_regs())); + profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); I'd like to move update_process_times()'s use of get_irq_regs() into itself, except that i386, alone of the archs, uses something other than user_mode(). Some notes on the interrupt handling in the drivers: (*) input_dev() is now gone entirely. The regs pointer is no longer stored in the input_dev struct. (*) finish_unlinks() in drivers/usb/host/ohci-q.c needs checking. It does something different depending on whether it's been supplied with a regs pointer or not. (*) Various IRQ handler function pointers have been moved to type irq_handler_t. Signed-Off-By: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (cherry picked from 1b16e7ac850969f38b375e511e3fa2f474a33867 commit)
2006-09-30[PATCH] Split struct request ->flags into two partsJens Axboe
Right now ->flags is a bit of a mess: some are request types, and others are just modifiers. Clean this up by splitting it into ->cmd_type and ->cmd_flags. This allows introduction of generic Linux block message types, useful for sending generic Linux commands to block devices. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
2006-06-26[PATCH] devfs: Remove the gendisk devfs_name field as it's no longer neededGreg Kroah-Hartman
And remove the now unneeded number field. Also fixes all drivers that set these fields. Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-08[PATCH] drivers/block: Use ARRAY_SIZE macroTobias Klauser
Use ARRAY_SIZE macro instead of sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0]) and remove a duplicate of ARRAY_SIZE. Some trailing whitespaces are also removed. drivers/block/acsi* has been left out as it's marked BROKEN. Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@nuerscht.ch> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-01-08[PATCH] Add block_device_operations.getgeo block device methodChristoph Hellwig
HDIO_GETGEO is implemented in most block drivers, and all of them have to duplicate the code to copy the structure to userspace, as well as getting the start sector. This patch moves that to common code [1] and adds a ->getgeo method to fill out the raw kernel hd_geometry structure. For many drivers this means ->ioctl can go away now. [1] the s390 block drivers are odd in this respect. xpram sets ->start to 4 always which seems more than odd, and the dasd driver shifts the start offset around, probably because of it's non-standard sector size. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de> Cc: <mike.miller@hp.com> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Paolo Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it> Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <B.Zolnierkiewicz@elka.pw.edu.pl> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au> Cc: Markus Lidel <Markus.Lidel@shadowconnect.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com> Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-09-10[PATCH] drivers/block: fix-up schedule_timeout() usageNishanth Aravamudan
Use schedule_timeout_{un,}interruptible() instead of set_current_state()/schedule_timeout() to reduce kernel size. Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-09-10[PATCH] janitor: block/xd: replace schedule_timeout() with ↵Nishanth Aravamudan
msleep()/msleep_interruptible() Use msleep() or msleep_interruptible() [as appropriate] instead of schedule_timeout() to gurantee the task delays as expected. As a result changed the units of the timeout variable from jiffies to msecs. Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Maximilian Attems <janitor@sternwelten.at> Signed-off-by: Domen Puncer <domen@coderock.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-04-16Linux-2.6.12-rc2Linus Torvalds
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history, even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about 3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good infrastructure for it. Let it rip!