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path: root/drivers/acpi/acpi_processor.c
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2015-07-21ACPI / processor: remove leftover __refdata annotationsMathias Krause
The processor_handler structure does not reference any __init / __exit code or data. Therefore the __refdata annotation is not needed. It used to be prior to commit fe7bf106ebc2 ("acpi: delete __cpuinit usage from all acpi files") due to the __cpuinit annotation of acpi_processor_add(). But with that commit in place that requirement has gone. The same is true for the acpi_cpu_notifier notifier block. acpi_cpu_soft_notify() used to be marked __cpuinit but lost its annotation in the above mentioned commit as well. Therefore the __refdata annotation isn't needed there either. Just drop the unneded __refdata annotations to be able to catch future section mismatches. Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2015-05-13ACPI / processor: Introduce invalid_phys_cpuid()Hanjun Guo
Introduce invalid_phys_cpuid() to identify cpu with invalid physical ID, then used it as replacement of the direct comparisons with PHYS_CPUID_INVALID. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2015-05-13ACPI / processor: remove phys_id in acpi_processor_get_info()Hanjun Guo
Use pr->phys_id to replace phys_id to simplify the code. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2015-05-13ACPI / processor: remove cpu_index in acpi_processor_get_info()Hanjun Guo
Just use pr->id instead of cpu_index to simplify the code. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2015-05-13ACPI / processor: Introduce invalid_logical_cpuid()Hanjun Guo
In ACPI processor drivers, we use direct comparisons of cpu logical id with -1 which are error prone in case logical cpuid is accidentally assinged an error code and prevents us from returning an error-encoding cpuid directly in some cases. So introduce invalid_logical_cpuid() to identify cpu with invalid logical cpu num, then it will be used to replace the direct comparisons with -1. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2015-03-26ACPI / processor: Introduce phys_cpuid_t for CPU hardware IDCatalin Marinas
CPU hardware ID (phys_id) is defined as u32 in structure acpi_processor, but phys_id is used as int in acpi processor driver, so it will lead to some inconsistence for the drivers. Furthermore, to cater for ACPI arch ports that implement 64 bits CPU ids a generic CPU physical id type is required. So introduce typedef u32 phys_cpuid_t in a common file, and introduce a macro PHYS_CPUID_INVALID as (phys_cpuid_t)(-1) if it's not defined by other archs, this will solve the inconsistence in acpi processor driver, and will prepare for the ACPI on ARM64 for the 64 bit CPU hardware ID in the following patch. CC: Rafael J Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Suggested-by: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org> Acked-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com> Acked-by: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com> Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> [hj: reworked cpu physid map return codes] Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
2015-01-05ACPI / processor: Rename acpi_(un)map_lsapic() to acpi_(un)map_cpu()Hanjun Guo
acpi_map_lsapic() will allocate a logical CPU number and map it to physical CPU id (such as APIC id) for the hot-added CPU, it will also do some mapping for NUMA node id and etc, acpi_unmap_lsapic() will do the reverse. We can see that the name of the function is a little bit confusing and arch (IA64) dependent so rename them as acpi_(un)map_cpu() to make arch agnostic and explicit. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2015-01-05ACPI / processor: Convert apic_id to phys_id to make it arch agnosticHanjun Guo
apic_id in MADT table is the CPU hardware id which identify it self in the system for x86 and ia64, OSPM will use it for SMP init to map APIC ID to logical cpu number in the early boot, when the DSDT/SSDT (ACPI namespace) is scanned later, the ACPI processor driver is probed and the driver will use acpi_id in DSDT to get the apic_id, then map to the logical cpu number which is needed by the processor driver. Before ACPI 5.0, only x86 and ia64 were supported in ACPI spec, so apic_id is used both in arch code and ACPI core which is pretty fine. Since ACPI 5.0, ARM is supported by ACPI and APIC is not available on ARM, this will confuse people when apic_id is both used by x86 and ARM in one function. So convert apic_id to phys_id (which is the original meaning) in ACPI processor dirver to make it arch agnostic, but leave the arch dependent code unchanged, no functional change. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2014-07-21ACPI: Don't use acpi_lapic in ACPI core codeGraeme Gregory
Now ARM64 support is being added to ACPI so architecture specific values can not be used in core ACPI code. Following on the patch "ACPI / processor: Check if LAPIC is present during initialization" which uses acpi_lapic in acpi_processor.c, on ARM64 platform, GIC is used instead of local APIC, so acpi_lapic is not a suitable value for ARM64. What is actually important at this point is if there is/are CPU entry/entries (Local APIC/SAPIC, GICC) in MADT, so introduce acpi_has_cpu_in_madt() to be arch specific and generic. Signed-off-by: Graeme Gregory <graeme.gregory@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2014-05-16ACPI / processor: Check if LAPIC is present during initializationBaoquan He
In acpi_processor_get_info(), ACPI processor info is initialized including ID, namely CPU index. Currently, on a UP system running an SMP kerenl with no LAPIC in the MADT, cpu0_initialized is checked to decide whether or not the CPU has been initialized. However, this check may not be sufficient for kdump kernels. Most of time only 1 CPU is supported because of known problems in kdump kernels. So say the multiple CPUs are present in the boot kernel and a crash happens on one specific CPU, say CPU2. Then it jumps into the kdump kernel with "nr_cpus=1" in the command line. In this situation, the kdump kernel will reuse the ACPI resources from the crashed kernel directly. That means all LAPIC instances are enabled in the MADT while only one CPU is in use. In the kdump kernel, x86_cpu_to_apicid contains the correct APIC ID and it's related to the CPU ID. If cpu0_initialized is checked only, 0 will be used as the CPU index instead of that APIC ID, which is not correct. In addition to checking cpu0_initialized, check acpi_lapic. If acpi_lapic is 0, then no LAPIC is available from the MADT and the system should be treated as a UP one without a LAPIC (that is, assign 0 to the CPU index). Otherwise, use the original (valid) CPU index. Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> [rjw: Subject and changelog] Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2014-05-08ACPI / processor: do not mark present at boot but not onlined CPU as onlinedIgor Mammedov
acpi_processor_add() assumes that present at boot CPUs are always onlined, it is not so if a CPU failed to become onlined. As result acpi_processor_add() will mark such CPU device as onlined in sysfs and following attempts to online/offline it using /sys/device/system/cpu/cpuX/online attribute will fail. Do not poke into device internals in acpi_processor_add() and touch "struct device { .offline }" attribute, since for CPUs onlined at boot it's set by: topology_init() -> arch_register_cpu() -> register_cpu() before ACPI device tree is parsed, and for hotplugged CPUs it's set when userspace onlines CPU via sysfs. Signed-off-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com> Acked-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com> Cc: 3.11+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.11+ Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2014-05-01ACPI / processor: Fix failure of loading acpi-cpufreq driverLan Tianyu
According commit d640113fe (ACPI: processor: fix acpi_get_cpuid for UP processor), BIOS may not provide _MAT or MADT tables and acpi_get_apicid() always returns -1. For these cases, original code will pass apic_id with vaule of -1 to acpi_map_cpuid() and it will check the acpi_id. If acpi_id is equal to zero, ignores apic_id and return zero for CPU0. Commit b981513 (ACPI / scan: bail out early if failed to parse APIC ID for CPU) changed the behavior. Return ENODEV when find apic_id is less than zero after calling acpi_get_apicid(). This causes acpi-cpufreq driver fails to be loaded on some machines. This patch is to fix it. Fixes: b981513f806d (ACPI / scan: bail out early if failed to parse APIC ID for CPU) References: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73781 Cc: 3.14+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.14+ Reported-and-tested-by: KATO Hiroshi <katoh@mikage.ne.jp> Reported-and-tested-by: Stuart Foster <smf.linux@ntlworld.com> Signed-off-by: Lan Tianyu <tianyu.lan@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2014-01-29Merge branches 'acpi-processor', 'acpi-hotplug', 'acpi-init', 'acpi-pm' and ↵Rafael J. Wysocki
'acpica' * acpi-processor: ACPI / scan: reduce log level of "ACPI: \_PR_.CPU4: failed to get CPU APIC ID" ACPI / processor: Return specific error value when mapping lapic id * acpi-hotplug: ACPI / scan: Clear match_driver flag in acpi_bus_trim() * acpi-init: ACPI / init: Flag use of ACPI and ACPI idioms for power supplies to regulator API * acpi-pm: ACPI / PM: Use ACPI_COMPANION() to get ACPI companions of devices * acpica: ACPICA: Remove bool usage from ACPICA.
2014-01-27ACPI / scan: reduce log level of "ACPI: \_PR_.CPU4: failed to get CPU APIC ID"Jiang Liu
Commit b981513f806d (ACPI / scan: bail out early if failed to parse APIC ID for CPU) emits an error message if ACPI processor driver fails to query APIC ID for the CPU. Originally it's designed to catch BIOS bugs for CPU hot-addition. But it accidently reveals another type of BIOS bug that: 1) BIOS implements ACPI objects for all possible instead of present CPUs. (It's valid to do that per ACPI specification.) 2) BIOS doesn't implement the _STA method for CPU objects. OSPM assumes that all CPU objects are present and functioning and attempts to use those CPU objects for CPU enumeration, which then triggers the error message. According to ACPI spec, BIOS should implement _STA for those absent CPUs at least. Though it's a BIOS bug in essential, there are some BIOSes in the fields which are implmented in this way. So reduce the log level from ERR to DEBUG to accommodate these existing BIOSes. Fixes: b981513f806d (ACPI / scan: bail out early if failed to parse APIC ID for CPU) Reported-and-tested-by: Jörg Otte <jrg.otte@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@linux.intel.com> [rjw: Changelog] Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2014-01-12Merge branches 'acpi-gpe', 'acpi-video', 'acpi-thermal', 'acpi-processor', ↵Rafael J. Wysocki
'acpi-sleep' * acpi-gpe: ACPI / EC: disable GPE before removing GPE handler ACPI / Button: Fix enabling button GPEs twice * acpi-video: ACPI: Blacklist Win8 OSI for some HP laptop 2013 models ACPI / video: Fix typo in video_detect.c * acpi-thermal: ACPI / thermal: remove const from thermal_zone_device_ops declaration * acpi-processor: ACPI / scan: bail out early if failed to parse APIC ID for CPU * acpi-sleep: ACPI / sleep: remove panic in case hardware has changed after S4
2014-01-11ACPI / scan: bail out early if failed to parse APIC ID for CPUJiang Liu
Enhance ACPI CPU hotplug driver to print clear error message and bail out early if BIOS returns wrong value in ACPI MADT table or _MAT method. Otherwise it will add the CPU device even if failed to get APIC ID and fails any operations against sysfs interface: /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpux/online Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-12-07ACPI / bind: Pass struct acpi_device pointer to acpi_bind_one()Rafael J. Wysocki
There is no reason to pass an ACPI handle to acpi_bind_one() instead of a struct acpi_device pointer to the target device object, so modify that function to take a struct acpi_device pointer as its second argument and update all code depending on it accordingly. Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Tested-by: Lan Tianyu <tianyu.lan@intel.com> # for USB/ACPI
2013-10-28Merge branch 'acpi-processor'Rafael J. Wysocki
* acpi-processor: ACPI / processor: fixed a brace coding style issue ACPI / processor: Remove outdated comments ACPI / processor: remove unnecessary if (!pr) check ACPI / processor: remove some dead code in acpi_processor_get_info() x86 / ACPI: simplify _acpi_map_lsapic() ACPI / processor: use apic_id and remove duplicated _MAT evaluation ACPI / processor: Introduce apic_id in struct processor to save parsed APIC id
2013-09-24ACPI / processor: Remove outdated commentsHanjun Guo
acpi_get_processor_id() can be find nowhere, and the acpi id is synchronized to APIC id when acpi_get_cpuid() is called, so the comments can be removed. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-09-24ACPI / processor: remove unnecessary if (!pr) checkHanjun Guo
acpi_processor_errata() is only called in acpi_processor_get_info(), and the argument 'pr' passed to acpi_processor_errata() will never be NULL, so the if (!pr) check is unnecessary and can be removed. Since the 'pr' argument is not used by acpi_processor_errata() any more, so change the argument into void too. Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-09-24ACPI / processor: remove some dead code in acpi_processor_get_info()Jiang Liu
errata.smp is used by nowhere, so the variable assignment is meanless, remove it. Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-09-24ACPI / processor: use apic_id and remove duplicated _MAT evaluationJiang Liu
Since APIC id is saved in processor struct, just use it and remove the duplicated _MAT evaluation. Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-09-24ACPI / processor: Introduce apic_id in struct processor to save parsed APIC idJiang Liu
For cpu hot add, we evaluate _MAT or parse MADT twice to get APIC id, here is the code logic: acpi_processor_add() acpi_processor_get_info() acpi_get_cpuid() will evaluate _MAT or parse MADT; acpi_processor_hotadd_init() acpi_map_lsapic() will evaluate _MAT again; This can be done more effectively, this patch introduces apic_id in struct processor to save parsed APIC id, and then we can use it and remove the duplicated _MAT evaluation. Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-09-24acpi_processor: convert acpi_evaluate_object() to acpi_evaluate_integer()Zhang Rui
acpi_evaluate_integer() is an ACPI API introduced to evaluate an ACPI control method that is known to have an integer return value. This API can simplify the code because the calling function does not need to use the specified acpi_buffer structure required by acpi_evaluate_object(); Convert acpi_evaluate_object() to acpi_evaluate_integer() in drivers/acpi/acpi_processor.c in this patch. Signed-off-by: Zhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-08-13ACPI / processor: Acquire writer lock to update CPU mapsToshi Kani
CPU system maps are protected with reader/writer locks. The reader lock, get_online_cpus(), assures that the maps are not updated while holding the lock. The writer lock, cpu_hotplug_begin(), is used to udpate the cpu maps along with cpu_maps_update_begin(). However, the ACPI processor handler updates the cpu maps without holding the the writer lock. acpi_map_lsapic() is called from acpi_processor_hotadd_init() to update cpu_possible_mask and cpu_present_mask. acpi_unmap_lsapic() is called from acpi_processor_remove() to update cpu_possible_mask. Currently, they are either unprotected or protected with the reader lock, which is not correct. For example, the get_online_cpus() below is supposed to assure that cpu_possible_mask is not changed while the code is iterating with for_each_possible_cpu(). get_online_cpus(); for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) { : } put_online_cpus(); However, this lock has no protection with CPU hotplug since the ACPI processor handler does not use the writer lock when it updates cpu_possible_mask. The reader lock does not serialize within the readers. This patch protects them with the writer lock with cpu_hotplug_begin() along with cpu_maps_update_begin(), which must be held before calling cpu_hotplug_begin(). It also protects arch_register_cpu() / arch_unregister_cpu(), which creates / deletes a sysfs cpu device interface. For this purpose it changes cpu_hotplug_begin() and cpu_hotplug_done() to global and exports them in cpu.h. Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-08-07ACPI / processor: move try_offline_node() after acpi_unmap_lsapic()Yasuaki Ishimatsu
try_offline_node() checks that all CPUs associated with the given node have been removed by using cpu_present_bits. If all cpus related to that node have been removed, try_offline_node() clears the node information. However, try_offline_node() called from acpi_processor_remove() never clears the node information. For disabling cpu_present_bits, acpi_unmap_lsapic() needs be called. Yet, acpi_unmap_lsapic() is called after try_offline_node() has run. So when try_offline_node() runs, the CPU's cpu_present_bits is always set. Fix the issue by moving try_offline_node() after acpi_unmap_lsapic(). The problem fixed here was uncovered by commit cecdb19 "ACPI / scan: Change the implementation of acpi_bus_trim()". [rjw: Changelog] Signed-off-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com> Cc: 3.9+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.9+ Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-07-14acpi: delete __cpuinit usage from all acpi filesPaul Gortmaker
The __cpuinit type of throwaway sections might have made sense some time ago when RAM was more constrained, but now the savings do not offset the cost and complications. For example, the fix in commit 5e427ec2d0 ("x86: Fix bit corruption at CPU resume time") is a good example of the nasty type of bugs that can be created with improper use of the various __init prefixes. After a discussion on LKML[1] it was decided that cpuinit should go the way of devinit and be phased out. Once all the users are gone, we can then finally remove the macros themselves from linux/init.h. This removes all the drivers/acpi uses of the __cpuinit macros from all C files. [1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/20/589 Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
2013-06-01ACPI / processor: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference in acpi_processor_add()Hanjun Guo
In acpi_processor_add(), get_cpu_device() may return NULL in some cases which is then passed to acpi_bind_one() and that will case a NULL pointer dereference to occur. Add a check to prevent that from happening. [rjw: Changelog] Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-06-01ACPI / processor: Pass processor object handle to acpi_bind_one()Rafael J. Wysocki
Make acpi_processor_add() pass the ACPI handle of the processor namespace object to acpi_bind_one() instead of setting it directly to allow acpi_bind_one() to catch possible bugs causing the ACPI handle of the processor device to be set earlier. Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Acked-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
2013-05-30ACPI / processor: Initialize per_cpu(processors, pr->id) properlyRafael J. Wysocki
Commit ac212b6 (ACPI / processor: Use common hotplug infrastructure) forgot about initializing the per-CPU 'processors' variables which lead to ACPI cpuidle failure to use C-states and caused boot slowdown on multi-CPU machines. Fix the problem by adding per_cpu(processors, pr->id) initialization to acpi_processor_add() and add make acpi_processor_remove() clean it up as appropriate. Also modify acpi_processor_stop() so that it doesn't clear per_cpu(processors, pr->id) on processor driver removal which would then cause problems to happen when the driver is loaded again. This version of the patch contains fixes from Yinghai Lu. Reported-and-tested-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Reported-and-tested-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2013-05-12ACPI / processor: Use common hotplug infrastructureRafael J. Wysocki
Split the ACPI processor driver into two parts, one that is non-modular, resides in the ACPI core and handles the enumeration and hotplug of processors and one that implements the rest of the existing processor driver functionality. The non-modular part uses an ACPI scan handler object to enumerate processors on the basis of information provided by the ACPI namespace and to hook up with the common ACPI hotplug infrastructure. It also populates the ACPI handle of each processor device having a corresponding object in the ACPI namespace, which allows the driver proper to bind to those devices, and makes the driver bind to them if it is readily available (i.e. loaded) when the scan handler's .attach() routine is running. There are a few reasons to make this change. First, switching the ACPI processor driver to using the common ACPI hotplug infrastructure reduces code duplication and size considerably, even though a new file is created along with a header comment etc. Second, since the common hotplug code attempts to offline devices before starting the (non-reversible) removal procedure, it will abort (and possibly roll back) hot-remove operations involving processors if cpu_down() returns an error code for one of them instead of continuing them blindly (if /sys/firmware/acpi/hotplug/force_remove is unset). That is a more desirable behavior than what the current code does. Finally, the separation of the scan/hotplug part from the driver proper makes it possible to simplify the driver's .remove() routine, because it doesn't need to worry about the possible cleanup related to processor removal any more (the scan/hotplug part is responsible for that now) and can handle device removal and driver removal symmetricaly (i.e. as appropriate). Some user-visible changes in sysfs are made (for example, the 'sysdev' link from the ACPI device node to the processor device's directory is gone and a 'physical_node' link is present instead and a corresponding 'firmware_node' is present in the processor device's directory, the processor driver is now visible under /sys/bus/cpu/drivers/ and bound to the processor device), but that shouldn't affect the functionality that users care about (frequency scaling, C-states and thermal management). Tested on my venerable Toshiba Portege R500. Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>