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2020-06-29Merge branches 'doc.2020.06.29a', 'fixes.2020.06.29a', ↵Paul E. McKenney
'kfree_rcu.2020.06.29a', 'rcu-tasks.2020.06.29a', 'scale.2020.06.29a', 'srcu.2020.06.29a' and 'torture.2020.06.29a' into HEAD doc.2020.06.29a: Documentation updates. fixes.2020.06.29a: Miscellaneous fixes. kfree_rcu.2020.06.29a: kfree_rcu() updates. rcu-tasks.2020.06.29a: RCU Tasks updates. scale.2020.06.29a: Read-side scalability tests. srcu.2020.06.29a: SRCU updates. torture.2020.06.29a: Torture-test updates.
2020-06-29torture: Remove obsolete "cd $KVM"Paul E. McKenney
In the dim distant past, qemu commands needed to be run from the rcutorture directory, but this is no longer the case. This commit therefore removes the now-useless "cd $KVM" from the kvm-test-1-run.sh script. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Avoid duplicate specification of qemu commandPaul E. McKenney
Currently, the qemu command is constructed twice, once to dump it to the qemu-cmd file and again to execute it. This is of course an accident waiting to happen, but is done to ensure that the remainder of the script has an accurate idea of the running qemu command's PID. This commit therefore places both the qemu command and the PID capture into a new temporary file and sources that temporary file. Thus the single construction of the qemu command into the qemu-cmd file suffices for both purposes. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Dump ftrace at shutdown only if requestedPaul E. McKenney
If there is a large number of torture tests running concurrently, all of which are dumping large ftrace buffers at shutdown time, the resulting dumping can take a very long time, particularly on systems with rotating-rust storage. This commit therefore adds a default-off torture.ftrace_dump_at_shutdown module parameter that enables shutdown-time ftrace-buffer dumping. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Add kvm-tranform.sh script for qemu-cmd filesPaul E. McKenney
This commit adds a script that transforms qemu-cmd files to allow them and the corresponding kernels to be run in contexts other than the one that they were created for, including on systems other than the one that they were built on. For example, this allows the build products from a --buildonly run to be transformed to allow distributed rcutorture testing. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Add more tracing crib notes to kvm.shPaul E. McKenney
This commit adds a few more hints about how to use tracing as comments at the end of kvm.sh. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Improve diagnostic for KCSAN-incapable compilersPaul E. McKenney
Using --kcsan when the compiler does not support KCSAN results in this: :CONFIG_KCSAN=y: improperly set :CONFIG_KCSAN_REPORT_ONCE_IN_MS=100000: improperly set :CONFIG_KCSAN_VERBOSE=y: improperly set :CONFIG_KCSAN_INTERRUPT_WATCHER=y: improperly set Clean KCSAN run in /home/git/linux-rcu/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/res/2020.06.16-09.53.16 This is a bit obtuse, so this commit adds checks resulting in this: :CONFIG_KCSAN=y: improperly set :CONFIG_KCSAN_REPORT_ONCE_IN_MS=100000: improperly set :CONFIG_KCSAN_VERBOSE=y: improperly set :CONFIG_KCSAN_INTERRUPT_WATCHER=y: improperly set Compiler or architecture does not support KCSAN! Did you forget to switch your compiler with --kmake-arg CC=<cc-that-supports-kcsan>? Suggested-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Acked-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
2020-06-29torture: Correctly summarize build-only runsPaul E. McKenney
Currently, kvm-recheck.sh complains that qemu failed for --buildonly runs, which is sort of true given that qemu can hardly succeed if not invoked in the first place. Nevertheless, this commit swaps the order of checks in kvm-recheck.sh so that --buildonly runs will be summarized more straightforwardly. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Pass --kmake-arg to all make invocationsMarco Elver
We need to pass the arguments provided to --kmake-arg to all make invocations. In particular, the make invocations generating the configs need to see the final make arguments, e.g. if config variables depend on particular variables that are passed to make. For example, when using '--kcsan --kmake-arg CC=clang-11', we would lose CONFIG_KCSAN=y due to 'make oldconfig' not seeing that we want to use a compiler that supports KCSAN. Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29rcutorture: Check for unwatched readersPaul E. McKenney
RCU is supposed to be watching all non-idle kernel code and also all softirq handlers. This commit adds some teeth to this statement by adding a WARN_ON_ONCE(). Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Abstract out console-log error detectionPaul E. McKenney
This commit pulls the simple pattern-based error detection from the console log into a new console-badness.sh file. This will enable future commits to end a run on the first error. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Add a stop-run capabilityPaul E. McKenney
When bisecting RCU issues, it is often the case that the first error in an unsuccessful run will happen quickly, but that a successful run must go on for some time in order to obtain a sufficiently low false-negative error rate. In many cases, a bisection requires multiple concurrent runs, in which case the first failure in any run indicates failure, pure and simple. In such cases, it would speed things up greatly if the first failure terminated all runs. This commit therefore adds scripting that checks for a file named "STOP" in the top-level results directory, terminating the run when it appears. Note that in-progress builds will continue until completion, but future builds and all runs will be cut short. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Create qemu-cmd in --buildonly runsPaul E. McKenney
One reason to do a --buildonly run is to use the build products elsewhere, for example, to do the actual test on some other system. Part of doing the test is the actual qemu command, which is not currently produced by --buildonly runs. This commit therefore causes --buildonly runs to create this file. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29rcu/rcutorture: Replace 0 with falseJules Irenge
Coccinelle reports a warning WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable The root cause is that the variable lastphase is a bool, but is initialised with integer 0. This commit therefore replaces the 0 with a false. Signed-off-by: Jules Irenge <jbi.octave@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Add --allcpus argument to the kvm.sh scriptPaul E. McKenney
Leaving off the kvm.sh script's --cpus argument results in the script testing the scenarios sequentially, which can be quite slow. However, having to specify the actual number of CPUs can be error-prone. This commit therefore adds a --allcpus argument that causes kvm.sh to use all available CPUs. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Remove whitespace from identify_qemu_vcpus outputPaul E. McKenney
The identify_qemu_vcpus bash function can return numbers including whitespace characters, which can be a bit annoying in some bash dollar-sign substitutions. This commit therefore strips all spaces and tabs from the value that identify_qemu_vcpus outputs. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29rcutorture: NULL rcu_torture_current earlier in cleanup codePaul E. McKenney
Currently, the rcu_torture_current variable remains non-NULL until after all readers have stopped. During this time, rcu_torture_stats_print() will think that the test is still ongoing, which can result in confusing dmesg output. This commit therefore NULLs rcu_torture_current immediately after the rcu_torture_writer() kthread has decided to stop, thus informing rcu_torture_stats_print() much sooner. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29rcutorture: Handle non-statistic bang-string error messagesPaul E. McKenney
The current console parsing assumes that console lines containing "!!!" are statistics lines from which it can parse the number of rcutorture too-short grace-period failures. This prints confusing output for other problems, including memory exhaustion. This commit therefore differentiates between these cases and prints an appropriate error string. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Set configfile variable to current scenarioPaul E. McKenney
The torture-test recheck logic fails to set the configfile variable to the current scenario, so this commit properly initializes this variable. This change isn't critical given that all errors for a given scenario follow that scenario's heading, but it is easier on the eyes to repeat it. And this repetition also prevents confusion as to whether a given message goes with the previous heading or the next one. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29rcutorture: Add races with task-exit processingPaul E. McKenney
Several variants of Linux-kernel RCU interact with task-exit processing, including preemptible RCU, Tasks RCU, and Tasks Trace RCU. This commit therefore adds testing of this interaction to rcutorture by adding rcutorture.read_exit_burst and rcutorture.read_exit_delay kernel-boot parameters. These kernel parameters control the frequency and spacing of special read-then-exit kthreads that are spawned. [ paulmck: Apply feedback from Dan Carpenter's static checker. ] [ paulmck: Reduce latency to avoid false-positive shutdown hangs. ] Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29locktorture: Use true and false to assign to bool variablesZou Wei
This commit fixes the following coccicheck warnings: kernel/locking/locktorture.c:689:6-10: WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable kernel/locking/locktorture.c:907:2-20: WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable kernel/locking/locktorture.c:938:3-20: WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable kernel/locking/locktorture.c:668:2-19: WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable kernel/locking/locktorture.c:674:2-19: WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable kernel/locking/locktorture.c:634:2-20: WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable kernel/locking/locktorture.c:640:2-20: WARNING: Assignment of 0/1 to bool variable Reported-by: Hulk Robot <hulkci@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Zou Wei <zou_wei@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Add script to smoke-test commits in a branchPaul E. McKenney
This commit adds a kvm-check-branches.sh script that takes a list of commits and commit ranges and runs a short rcutorture test on all scenarios on each specified commit. A summary is printed at the end, and the script returns success if all rcutorture runs completed without error. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29torture: Remove qemu dependency on EFI firmwarePaul E. McKenney
On some (probably misconfigured) systems, the torture-test scripting will cause qemu to complain about missing EFI firmware, often because qemu is trying to traverse broken symbolic links to find that firmware. Which is a bit silly given that the default torture-test guest OS has but a single binary for its userspace, and thus is unlikely to do much in the way of networking in any case. This commit therefore avoids such problems by specifying "-net none" to qemu unless the TORTURE_QEMU_INTERACTIVE environment variable is set (for example, by having specified "--interactive" to kvm.sh), in which case "-net nic -net user" is specified to qemu instead. Either choice may be overridden by specifying the "-net" argument of your choice to the kvm.sh "--qemu-args" parameter. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190701141403.GA246562@google.com Reported-by: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
2020-06-29srcu: Avoid local_irq_save() before acquiring spinlock_tSebastian Andrzej Siewior
SRCU disables interrupts to get a stable per-CPU pointer and then acquires the spinlock which is in the per-CPU data structure. The release uses spin_unlock_irqrestore(). While this is correct on a non-RT kernel, this conflicts with the RT semantics because the spinlock is converted to a 'sleeping' spinlock. Sleeping locks can obviously not be acquired with interrupts disabled. Acquire the per-CPU pointer `ssp->sda' without disabling preemption and then acquire the spinlock_t of the per-CPU data structure. The lock will ensure that the data is consistent. The added call to check_init_srcu_struct() is now needed because a statically defined srcu_struct may remain uninitialized until this point and the newly introduced locking operation requires an initialized spinlock_t. This change was tested for four hours with 8*SRCU-N and 8*SRCU-P without causing any warnings. Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com> Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org> Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29srcu: Fix a typo in comment "amoritized"->"amortized"Ethon Paul
This commit fixes a typo in a comment. Signed-off-by: Ethon Paul <ethp@qq.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refscale: Change --torture type from refperf to refscalePaul E. McKenney
This commit renames the rcutorture config/refperf to config/refscale to further avoid conflation with the Linux kernel's perf feature. Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Rename refperf.c to refscale.c and change internal namesPaul E. McKenney
This commit further avoids conflation of refperf with the kernel's perf feature by renaming kernel/rcu/refperf.c to kernel/rcu/refscale.c, and also by similarly renaming the functions and variables inside this file. This has the side effect of changing the names of the kernel boot parameters, so kernel-parameters.txt and ver_functions.sh are also updated. The rcutorture --torture type remains refperf, and this will be addressed in a separate commit. Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Rename RCU_REF_PERF_TEST to RCU_REF_SCALE_TESTPaul E. McKenney
The old Kconfig option name is all too easy to conflate with the unrelated "perf" feature, so this commit renames RCU_REF_PERF_TEST to RCU_REF_SCALE_TEST. Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29rcu-tasks: Fix synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace() header commentPaul E. McKenney
The synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace() header comment incorrectly claims that any number of things delimit RCU Tasks Trace read-side critical sections, when in fact only rcu_read_lock_trace() and rcu_read_unlock_trace() do so. This commit therefore fixes this comment, and, while in the area, fixes a typo in the rcu_read_lock_trace() header comment. Reported-by: Alexei Starovoitov <alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Add test for RCU Tasks readersPaul E. McKenney
This commit adds testing for RCU Tasks readers to the refperf module. This also applies to RCU Rude readers, as both flavors have empty (as in non-existent) read-side markers. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Add test for RCU Tasks Trace readers.Paul E. McKenney
This commit adds testing for RCU Tasks Trace readers to the refperf module. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Change readdelay module parameter to nanosecondsPaul E. McKenney
The current units of microseconds are too coarse, so this commit changes the units to nanoseconds. However, ndelay is used only for the nanoseconds with udelay being used for whole microseconds. For example, setting refperf.readdelay=1500 results in a udelay(1) followed by an ndelay(500). Suggested-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com> [ paulmck: Abstracted delay per Akira feedback and move from 80 to 100 lines. ] [ paulmck: Fix names as suggested by kbuild test robot. ] Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Work around 64-bit divisionArnd Bergmann
A 64-bit division was introduced in refperf, breaking compilation on all 32-bit architectures: kernel/rcu/refperf.o: in function `main_func': refperf.c:(.text+0x57c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_uldivmod' Fix this by using div_u64 to mark the expensive operation. [ paulmck: Update primitive and format per Nathan Chancellor. ] Fixes: bd5b16d6c88d ("refperf: Allow decimal nanoseconds") Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Reported-by: Valdis Klētnieks <valdis.kletnieks@vt.edu> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> # build-tested Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29doc: Document rcuperf's module parametersPaul E. McKenney
This commit adds documentation for the rcuperf module parameters. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Adjust refperf.loop default valuePaul E. McKenney
With the various measurement optimizations, 10,000 loops normally suffices. This commit therefore reduces the refperf.loops default value from 10,000,000 to 10,000. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Add read-side delay module parameterPaul E. McKenney
This commit adds a refperf.readdelay module parameter that controls the duration of each critical section. This parameter allows gathering data showing how the performance differences between the various primitives vary with critical-section length. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Simplify initialization-time wakeup protocolPaul E. McKenney
This commit moves the reader-launch wait loop from ref_perf_init() to main_func(), removing one layer of wakeup and allowing slightly faster system boot. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Output per-experiment data pointsPaul E. McKenney
Currently, it is necessary to manually edit the console output to see anything more than statistics, and sometimes the statistics can indicate outliers that need more investigation. This commit therefore dumps out the per-experiment measurements, sorted in ascending order, just before dumping out the statistics. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Label experiment-number column "Runs"Paul E. McKenney
The experiment-number column is currently labeled "Threads", which is misleading at best. This commit therefore relabels it as "Runs", and adjusts the scripts accordingly. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Add warmup and cooldown processing phasesPaul E. McKenney
This commit causes all the readers to start running unmeasured load until all readers have done at least one such run (thus having warmed up), then run the measured load, and then run unmeasured load until all readers have completed their measured load. This approach avoids any thread running measured load while other readers are idle. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: More closely synchronize reader start timesPaul E. McKenney
Currently, readers are awakened individually. On most systems, this results in significant wakeup delay from one reader to the next, which can result in the first and last reader having sole access to the synchronization primitive in question. If that synchronization primitive involves shared memory, those readers will rack up a huge number of operations in a very short time, causing large perturbations in the results. This commit therefore has the readers busy-wait after being awakened, and uses a new n_started variable to synchronize their start times. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Convert reader_task structure's "start" field to intPaul E. McKenney
This commit converts the reader_task structure's "start" field to int in order to demote a full barrier to an smp_load_acquire() and also to simplify the code a bit. While in the area, and to enlist the compiler's help in ensuring that nothing was missed, the field's name was changed to start_reader. Also while in the area, change the main_func() store to use smp_store_release() to further fortify against wait/wake races. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Tune reader measurement intervalPaul E. McKenney
This commit moves a printk() out of the measurement interval, converts a atomic_dec()/atomic_read() pair to atomic_dec_and_test(), and adds a smp_mb__before_atomic() to avoid potential wake/wait hangs. These changes have the added benefit of reducing the number of loops required for amortizing loop overhead for CONFIG_PREEMPT=n RCU measurements from 1,000,000 to 10,000. This reduction in turn shortens the test, reducing the probability of interference. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Make functions staticPaul E. McKenney
Because the reset_readers() and process_durations() functions are used only within kernel/rcu/refperf.c, this commit makes them static. Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Dynamically allocate thread-summary output bufferPaul E. McKenney
Currently, the buffer used to accumulate the thread-summary output is fixed size, which will cause problems if someone decides to run on a large number of PCUs. This commit therefore dynamically allocates this buffer. [ paulmck: Fix memory allocation as suggested by KASAN. ] Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Dynamically allocate experiment-summary output bufferPaul E. McKenney
Currently, the buffer used to accumulate the experiment-summary output is fixed size, which will cause problems if someone decides to run one hundred experiments. This commit therefore dynamically allocates this buffer. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Provide module parameter to specify number of experimentsPaul E. McKenney
The current code uses the number of threads both to limit the number of threads and to specify the number of experiments, but also varies the number of threads as the experiments progress. This commit takes a different approach by adding an refperf.nruns module parameter that specifies the number of experiments, and furthermore uses the same number of threads for each experiment. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Convert nreaders to a module parameterPaul E. McKenney
This commit converts nreaders to a module parameter, with the default of -1 specifying the old behavior of using 75% of the readers. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Allow decimal nanosecondsPaul E. McKenney
The CONFIG_PREEMPT=n rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pair's overhead, even including loop overhead, is far less than one nanosecond. Since logscale plots are not all that happy with zero values, provide picoseconds as decimals. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
2020-06-29refperf: Hoist function-pointer calls out of the loopPaul E. McKenney
Current runs show PREEMPT=n rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs consuming between 20 and 30 nanoseconds, when in fact the actual value is zero, give or take the barrier() asm's effect on compiler optimizations. The additional overhead is caused by function calls through pointers (especially in these days of Spectre mitigations) and perhaps also needless argument passing, a non-const loop limit, and an upcounting loop. This commit therefore combines the ->readlock() and ->readunlock() function pointers into a single ->readsection() function pointer that takes the loop count as a const parameter and keeps any data passed from the read-lock to the read-unlock internal to this new function. These changes reduce the measured overhead of the aforementioned PREEMPT=n rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pairs from between 20 and 30 nanoseconds to somewhere south of 500 picoseconds. Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>